Histological and histomorphometric study of growth-related changes of cranial sutures in the animal model.

Introduction: During the early development, numerous histological and morphometric changes occur in the cranial sutures the exact knowledge of which is of fundamental significance for understanding clinically relevant cranial anomalies. In this paper a histological and histomorphometric longitudinal study of the coronal, sagittal and lambdoid sutures in the rat is reported in relation to age.

Material And Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout) were raised under standard conditions.

Maxillary sinus pneumatization of an adult skull with an untreated bilateral cleft palate.

Introduction: Patients with clefts of lip, alveolus and palate show a high incidence of maxillary sinusitis. In order to evaluate sinus size as a factor in sinusitis, this study investigates maxillary sinus morphology in an adult skull with an untreated bilateral cleft.

Material And Methods: The maxillary sinus volume (MSV) of a mixed-sex sample of 140 adult skulls from three different populations was assessed and compared with the MSV of a skull of a 25 year old man showing an untreated complete bilateral cleft.

Orthognathic surgery in cleft patients.

Orthognathic surgery has become a standard procedure in cranio-maxillo-facial surgery during the past five decades. Based upon the elementary works by Obwegeser who introduced sagittal split ramus osteotomy in the early 1950s, this procedure has become the worldwide gold standard in mandibular orthognathic procedures by now. When devices for ensuring the centric condylar position throughout the entire surgery were introduced by Luhr in the early 1980s, modern understanding of complete functional rehabilitation in orthognathic surgery was further enhanced.

Special features of planning and application of orthodontic miniscrews in cleft patients.

Patients with clefts of lip, alveolus and palate or some facial syndromes need complex and long-lasting orthodontic therapy. The possibility of orthodontic anchorage is often limited by congenital absence of teeth, disturbed skeletal growth or failing compliance with extraoral sources of force. Correct positioning and insertion provided, miniscrews can serve as anchorages and shorten the period of active treatment in patients with clefts.

Evaluation of bone availability in the cleft area following secondary osteoplasty.

Introduction: Osteoplasty in cleft patients provides a basis for shaping a closed dental arch. This study aimed at a radiological appraisal of transplantation success following secondary osteoplasty by means of alveolar bone height as related to some selected influencing factors.

Material And Methods: In this study, postoperative radiographs of 46 patients with unilateral or bilateral clefts of lip, alveolus and palate were analyzed retrospectively.

Cartilaginous septum deviation in children with cleft lip, alveolus and palate--an MRI analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate by MRI examination the degree of deviation of the cartilaginous septum in relation to cleft size in patients with cleft lip, alveolus and palate.

Material And Methods: Six children with cleft lip, alveolus and palate at age 5-20 days were examined with a 1.0 Tesla scanner using a head coil.

Functional 3-D analysis of patients with unilateral cleft of lip, alveolus and palate (UCLAP) following lip repair.

Introduction: Particular importance is attached to lip repair cleft surgery, as numerous functional and aesthetic aspects have to be taken into account simultaneously. Spatial assessment of function and depiction of dynamic deviations is reasonable for describing surgical outcome in addition to long standing static analysis. This study aimed at 3D analysis of the oral area after reconstruction in patients with unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate.

Treatment of patients with cleft lip, alveolus and palate--a short outline of history and current interdisciplinary treatment approaches.

Clefts of lip, alveolus and palate have been known for a long time. First tangible evidence of surgical therapy in terms of cheiloplasty, however, does not date further back than the 4th century after Christ. It was Werner Hagedorn from Magdeburg who laid the foundations of geometrical anatomical surgical lip repair in 1884.

Morphological and clinical considerations of first and second permanent molar eruption disorders.

Tooth eruption is a complex biological process which starts from the site of development in the jaw bone until the teeth reach their final functional position in the chewing plane. Various factors can disturb this process. Besides mechanical obstacles on the eruption path, a pathological position or axial orientation of the tooth germ, morphological aberrations of the tooth or pathological alterations of the periodontium, primary disorders of the eruption mechanism may lead to complete or partial retention of the tooth in the jaw bone.

Influence of examiner differences on KIG-classification when assessing malocclusions.

Objective: Indication systems such as the German KIG system (Kieferorthopädische Indikationsgruppen = Orthodontic Indication Groups) presuppose the objective assessment of underlying malocclusions. In this survey, we aimed to investigate the degree of agreement among the findings of several examiners in the assessment of different malocclusions and their classification according to the KIG system.

Subjects And Methods: Calibrated examiners assessed in the clinical evaluation and on plaster models orthodontic malocclusions in 180 adults (aged 20-49, 64 male, 116 female) from the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP).

Problems of supernumerary teeth, hyperdontia or dentes supernumerarii.

Supernumerary teeth are extra teeth or toothlike structures which may have either erupted or unerupted in addition to the 20 deciduous teeth and the 32 permanent teeth. This article provides an overview of frequency, distribution and classification of supernumerary teeth. The etiology of supernumerary teeth is still unknown, yet various theories have been presented based on epidemiological studies.