Lessons from the war on dietary fat.

Unlabelled: Conventional dietary guidelines put forth by health care institutions and providers for the past 40 years have stressed the importance of reducing the amount of dietary fat consumed. Such a diet is purported to mitigate metabolic risk factors and optimize the ability to achieve or maintain a healthy body weight. However, over the past 35 years obesity rates in the United States have risen dramatically though the level of dietary fat consumed by U.

Acceleration endurance with pressure breathing during G with and without a counterpressure vest.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to test whether pressure breathing during G (PBC) without a counterpressure vest negatively influences G endurance or increases breathing fatigue during extended duration high-G exposures.

Methods: While using PBG, 10 subjects underwent 2 trials of +3 Gz exposures: once when wearing a counterpressure vest and once without. The exposures consisted of a relaxed, gradual G onset run until peripheral or central light loss, a straining rapid onset GC run to +6 Gz for 15 s, and a simulated aerial combat maneuver (SACM) G profile consisting of 10-s periods varying between +5 Gz and +9 Gz, during which subjects executed a hand-eye tracking task.

The influence of agility training on physiological and cognitive performance.

Agility training (AT) has recently been instituted in several military communities in hopes of improving combat performance and general fitness. The purpose of this study was to determine how substituting AT for traditional military physical training (PT) influences physical and cognitive performance. Forty-one subjects undergoing military technical training were divided randomly into 2 groups for 6 weeks of training.

Adaptations to a new physical training program in the combat controller training pipeline.

Objectives: The United States Air Force combat controller (CCT) training pipeline is extremely arduous and historically has a high attrition rate of 70 to 80%. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of incorporating a 711 Human Performance Wing (HPW) / Biobehavior, Bioassessment, and Biosurveillance Branch (RHPF)-developed physical fitness-training program into the combat controller (CCT) 5-level training physical fitness program.

Methods: One-hundred-nine CCT trainees were tested and trained during their initial eight weeks at the 720th Special Tactics Training Squadron (STTS) at Hurlburt Field.

Physiological and psychological characteristics of successful combat controller trainees.

Objectives: The United States Air Force (USAF) Combat Controller (CCT) training pipeline is extremely arduous and historically has an attrition rate of 70-80%. The primary objective of this study was to identify the physiological, psychological, or demographical characteristics associated with successful progression through the CCT pipeline program.

Methods: A battery of physiological measurements, biographical information, and psychological tests were used to determine the profile of a successful CCT trainee.

Acceleration tolerance after ingestion of a commercial energy drink.

Background: Caffeine ingestion has been demonstrated to increase physical performance in some situations. This study examined the ability of a commercial energy drink containing caffeine to enhance acceleration tolerance and strength under G load.

Methods: Eight experienced centrifuge subjects completed three separate experimental acceleration exposures following ingestion of 11.

The influence of 8 weeks of whey-protein and leucine supplementation on physical and cognitive performance.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of whey-protein and leucine supplementation to enhance physical and cognitive performance and body composition. Thirty moderately fit participants completed a modified Air Force fitness test, a computer-based cognition test, and a dual-energy X-ray-absorptiometry scan for body composition before and after supplementing their daily diet for 8 wk with either 19.7 g of whey protein and 6.

Failure of Rhodiola rosea to alter skeletal muscle phosphate kinetics in trained men.

Rhodiola rosea is an herbal supplement purported to improve resistance to stressors and to enhance physical performance, potentially by improving adenosine triphosphate (ATP) turnover. Phosphocreatine (PCr) kinetics serves as a reflection of ATP turnover. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of R rosea ingestion on human skeletal muscle PCr recovery after exhaustive exercise.

Energy expenditure during bench press and squat exercises.

Despite the popularity of resistance training (RT), an accurate method for quantifying its metabolic cost has yet to be developed. We applied indirect calorimetry during bench press (BP) and parallel squat (PS) exercises for 5 consecutive minutes at several steady state intensities for 23 (BP) and 20 (PS) previously trained men. Tests were conducted in random order of intensity and separated by 5 minutes.

Does Rhodiola rosea possess ergogenic properties?

Rhodiola rosea is an herb purported to possess adaptogenic and ergogenic properties and has recently been the subject of increased interest The purpose of this article was to review and summarize recent investigations of the potential performance-enhancing properties of Rhodiola rosea. Such studies have generated equivocal results. Several investigations conducted in Eastern Europe have indicated that Rhodiola rosea ingestion may produce such positive effects as improved cognitive function and reduced mental fatigue.