Description of the Public Safety Medical Response and Patient Encounters Within and During the Indianapolis (USA) Spring 2020 Civil Unrest.

Objective: This study describes the local Emergency Medical Services (EMS) response and patient encounters corresponding to the civil unrest occurring over a four-day period in Spring 2020 in Indianapolis, Indiana (USA).

Methods: This study describes the non-conventional EMS response to civil unrest. The study included patients encountered by EMS in the area of the civil unrest occurring in Indianapolis, Indiana from May 29 through June 1, 2020.

Patient Demographics Are Associated with Differences in Prehospital Pain Management among Trauma Patients.

Objective: Disparities have been observed in the treatment of pain in emergency department patients. However, few studies have evaluated such disparities in emergency medical services (EMS). We describe pain medication administration for trauma indications in an urban EMS system and how it varies with patient demographics.

Safety of an Alternative Care Protocol for EMS Non-Transport in the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Aim: Our primary goal was to evaluate safety of a new emergency medical services (EMS) protocol directing non-transport of low-acuity patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of all patients in Marion County, Indiana, from March 23, 2020 to May 25, 2020 for whom a novel non-transport protocol was used by EMS for patients with low-acuity COVID-19 symptoms. We assessed paramedic compliance with the protocol to determine numbers and types of deviations.

Factors Affecting Interfacility Transport Intervals in Stroke Patients Transferred for Endovascular Therapy.

Objective: To describe interfacility transfer (IFT) intervals, transfer vehicle type, and levels of care in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) strokes transferred for emergent endovascular therapy (EVT).

Methods: We included all patients transferred by a single IFT agency in the state of Indiana from July 1, 2018 to December 1, 2020 to a comprehensive stroke center in Indianapolis for emergent EVT. Data were collected from the transfer center electronic medical records and matched to IFT and receiving hospital data.

911 Calls for Emergency Medical Services in Heart Failure: A Descriptive Qualitative Study.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a common condition leading to activation of emergency medical services (EMS).

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe reasons given by persons with HF, family members, or other caregivers for requesting EMS activation during 911 calls.

Methods: In this descriptive qualitative study, a content analysis was performed on transcribed audio files of 383 EMS requests involving 383 persons with HF in the community.

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest volumes and characteristics during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Aim: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted Emergency Medical Services (EMS) operations throughout the country. Some studies described variation in total volume of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) during the pandemic. We aimed to describe the changes in volume and characteristics of OHCA patients and resuscitations in one urban EMS system.

Predictors of emergency medical services use by adults with heart failure; 2009-2017.

Background: Heart failure (HF) necessitates frequent transport by emergency medical services (EMS), but few studies have been conducted to evaluate predictors of EMS use and of multiple EMS transports that are amenable to intervention.

Objectives: To characterize prehospital clinical status of community-dwelling adults with reported HF who used EMS across 8 years and to evaluate predictors of EMS use and multiple EMS transports.

Methods: Data were from a database in a large Midwestern county.

Mobile integrated health to reduce post-discharge acute care visits: A pilot study.

Background: Mobile Integrated Health (MIH) leverages specially trained paramedics outside of emergency response to bridge gaps in local health care delivery.

Study Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a MIH led transitional care strategy to reduce acute care utilization.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort analysis of a quality improvement pilot of patients from an urban, single county EMS, MIH transitional care initiative.

Descriptive Correlates of Urban Pediatric Violent Injury Using Emergency Medical Service Patient-Level Data.

Objective: This study aimed to describe spatiotemporal correlates of pediatric violent injury in an urban community.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using patient-level data (2009-2011) from a novel emergency medical service computerized entry system for violent injury resulting in an ambulance dispatch among children aged 0 to 16 years. Assault location and patient residence location were cleaned and geocoded at a success rate of 98%.

Efficacy of intraoperative monitoring of transcranial electrical stimulation-induced motor evoked potentials and spontaneous electromyography activity to identify acute-versus delayed-onset C-5 nerve root palsy during cervical spine surgery: clinical article.

Object: Deltoid muscle weakness due to C-5 nerve root injury following cervical spine surgery is an uncommon but potentially debilitating complication. Symptoms can manifest upon emergence from anesthesia or days to weeks following surgery. There is conflicting evidence regarding the efficacy of spontaneous electromyography (spEMG) monitoring in detecting evolving C-5 nerve root compromise.