Multi-niche human bone marrow on-a-chip for studying the interactions of adoptive CAR-T cell therapies with multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM), a cancer of bone marrow plasma cells, is the second-most common hematological malignancy. However, despite immunotherapies like chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, relapse is nearly universal. The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment influences how MM cells survive, proliferate, and resist treatment.

The dark side of the moon: can critical health literacy offer solutions to the fundamental problems of health literacy?

This commentary is intended as a response to ongoing concerns expressed about fundamental limitations of current research, policy, and practice surrounding health literacy. These concerns emphasise the individualistic and reductionist approaches which often dominate health literacy work, as well as a neglect of broader structural factors in addressing pressing public health issues. The potential of critical health literacy as a concept and practical approach which responds to these critiques is presented.

Multi-Niche Human Bone Marrow On-A-Chip for Studying the Interactions of Adoptive CAR-T Cell Therapies with Multiple Myeloma.

Unlabelled: Multiple myeloma (MM), a cancer of bone marrow plasma cells, is the second-most common hematological malignancy. However, despite immunotherapies like chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, relapse is nearly universal. The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment influences how MM cells survive, proliferate, and resist treatment.

Doping in Paralympic sport: perceptions, responsibility and anti-doping education experiences from the perspective of Paralympic athletes and parasport coaches.

Introduction: Limited effort has been invested in understanding doping in Paralympic sport. The limited evidence that exists suggests that factors influencing doping in parasport are similar to Olympic sport. However, based on the design and nature of the previous studies, where methods have been mostly limited to qualitative data and prevalence numbers, further research is warranted to extend previous findings.

Genotype-phenotype correlation and natural history study of dysferlinopathy: a single-centre experience from India.

Dysferlinopathies are a group of limb-girdle muscular dystrophies causing significant disability in the young population. There is a need for studies on large cohorts to describe the clinical, genotypic and natural history in our subcontinent. To describe and correlate the clinical, genetic profile and natural history of genetically confirmed dysferlinopathies.

Is Maximal Lactate Accumulation Rate Promising for Improving 5000-m Prediction in Running?

Endurance running performance can be predicted by maximal oxygen uptake (V̇Omax), the fractional utilisation of oxygen uptake (%V̇Omax) and running economy at lactate threshold (RE). This study aims to assess maximal lactate accumulation rate (ċLa) in terms of improving running performance prediction in trained athletes. Forty-four competitive female and male runners/triathletes performed an incremental step test, a 100-m sprint test and a ramp test to determine their metabolic profile.

Integrating Patient-reported Experience (PRE) in a multistage approach to study access to health services for women with chronic illness and migration experience.

Background: Patient-reported Experience (PRE) is an emerging concept integrating patient perspectives and amplifying voices often marginalized in discussions surrounding health systems. However, it remains a challenge to use and integrate PREs when studying patient agency and access to quality services, particularly with data from multiple sources. In this article, using study materials from the Swiss MIWOCA project, we present and reflect upon a multistage PRE approach to study healthcare access.

Case Report: Training Monitoring and Performance Development of a Triathlete With Spinal Cord Injury and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia During a Paralympic Cycle.

Introduction: Paratriathlon allows competition for athletes with various physical impairments. The wheelchair category stands out from other paratriathlon categories, since competing in swimming, handcycling, and wheelchair racing entails substantial demands on the upper extremity. Therefore, knowledge about exercise testing and training is needed to improve performance and avoid overuse injuries.

Complexity awareness among university students in Switzerland during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Public health challenges relating to Covid-19 are highly complex and reasons behind preventive measures can be difficult to understand. Complexity awareness, an important part of healthy literacy, may help young people to understand the situation and act accordingly. However, we could not find any tools to assess complexity awareness during a pandemic in the literature.

Critical health literacy: reflection and action for health.

Health literacy research is growing rapidly and broadly; however, conceptual advances in critical health literacy (CHL) seem hampered by a lack of a clear definition. In this paper, we refer to key features of the concept as identified in earlier works, offer a new definition of CHL and briefly discuss its theoretical roots. Reflection and action are suggested as the two constituent components of CHL.

Implementing the capability approach in health promotion projects: Recommendations for implementation based on empirical evidence.

Objective: The aim of this paper was to develop a framework for the use of the capability approach in health promotion projects, which could guide future projects as well as improve the comparability of the projects' effectiveness.

Method: The study involved a three-stage process comprising a total of six steps. We first developed a theoretical model and then analyzed data from four empirical studies that had implemented projects using the capability approach between 2015 and 2018 in the settings of kindergartens, schools, vocational training, and communities to promote an active lifestyle.

Thymic Lesions in Myasthenia Gravis: A Clinicopathological Study from India.

Background And Objectives: Thymic pathology is common in Myasthenia Gravis(MG) and plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis and clinical outcome. This study aims to discuss the clinicohistopathological spectrum of thymic lesions in MG.

Methods: In this retrospective study, MG patients who underwent thymectomy from 2011 to 2020 were included.

Exploring Well-Being and Its Correlates among Young Men Using Sen's Capability Approach: Results from the Young Adults Survey, Switzerland (YASS).

Background: The range of options people have to do the things they value in life may have strong effects on their well-being. This is especially true for young adults, as their opportunities and choices may affect both their current and future lives. This study follows Sen's capability approach (CA) to assess young people's well-being in terms of capabilities and functionings.

The Science of Handcycling: A Narrative Review.

The aim of this narrative review is to provide insight as to the history, biomechanics, and physiological characteristics of competitive handcycling. Furthermore, based upon the limited evidence available, this paper aims to provide practical training suggestions by which to develop competitive handcycling performance. Handbike configuration, individual physiological characteristics, and training history all play a significant role in determining competitive handcycling performance.

Moral Injury during the COVID-19 pandemic: A delphi model survey of family medicine residents.

Objectives: The objective is to investigate the primary factors that created experiences leading to moral injury in family medicine residents during the COVID-19 pandemic and also to identify any barriers keeping these residents from seeking or receiving help when they experienced moral injury.

Method: A DELPHI model study utilizing three rounds of surveys was conducted at four family medicine residency programs in the United States. Resident responses to Survey 1 generated factors perceived to be causing them moral injury or constituting barriers to their seeking help.

Critical Health Literacy in a Pandemic: A Cluster Analysis Among German University Students.

In the COVID-19 pandemic, critical health literacy (CHL-P) has been proposed as a means of addressing issues of complexity, uncertainty, and urgency. Our study aimed to identify CHL-P clusters among university students in Germany and to analyze associations with potential determinants. In May 2020, students at four German universities participated in the COVID-19 International Student Well-Being Study, an online survey that yielded a non-probabilistic sample of N = 5,021.

Disease-inclusive exercise classes improve physical fitness and reduce depressive symptoms in individuals with and without Parkinson's disease-A feasibility study.

Background And Purpose: Exercise is an adjunctive treatment in the management of Parkinson's disease (PD), but barriers such as health status, fear of overexertion, and lack of transportation to the location prevent regular exercise participation. Disease-inclusive exercise classes may offer an opportunity to make exercise more accessible for older adults with and without diseases. However, the efficacy of such heterogenous exercise classes is still widely unknown.

Challenging the association between health literacy and health: the role of conversion factors.

Previous studies have found substantial correlations between health literacy and various health outcomes. However, the role of social and personal factors in those links remains understudied. Applying a moderation approach, we assume that these factors function as conversion factors on the associations between health literacy and health outcomes.

Critical health literacy in pandemics: the special case of COVID-19.

In the current COVID-19 pandemic the active participation of the public is of central importance, however, certain factors found in this new pandemic disease complicates the participation. Addressing these complications needs public health and health promotion experts to understand the role of critical health literacy in a pandemic. We present the case for a definition of critical health literacy in a pandemic, CHL-P.

Experiences With Health Care Services in Switzerland Among Immigrant Women With Chronic Illnesses.

Descriptive data indicate a high burden of chronic illness among immigrant women in Switzerland. Little is known about how immigrant women with chronic illnesses experience healthcare services. This paper presents a methodological approach theoretically informed by Sen's capability approach and Levesque's framework of access to healthcare to study patient-reported experiences (PREs) of Swiss healthcare services among immigrant women with chronic conditions.

Maximal Lactate Accumulation Rate in All-out Exercise Differs between Cycling and Running.

This study aims to compare maximal lactate accumulation rate (V̇ La) and power output (P) between cycling and running in terms of reliability, differences between, and correlations among modalities. Eighteen competitive triathletes performed a 15-s all-out exercise test in cycling and a 100-m sprint test in running. Each test was performed twice and separated by one week.

The capability approach as a bridging framework across health promotion settings: theoretical and empirical considerations.

Health promotion research has increasingly called for transdisciplinary approaches. Such calls ask for bridging frameworks that define comprehensive sets of health determinants and appropriately conceptualize the roles of population groups as well as other relevant actor groups in the co-production of health. This article aims to present the seminal capability approach by Sen and Nussbaum as a potentially suitable framework for such bridging endeavors to guide health promotion research.

Biophysical aspects of handcycling performance in rehabilitation, daily life and recreational sports; a narrative review.

Aim: In this narrative review the potential and importance of handcycling are evaluated. Four conceptual models form the framework for this review; (1) the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; (2) the Stress-Strain-Capacity model; (3) the Human-Activity-Assistive Technology model; and (4) the power balance model for cyclic exercise.

Methods: Based on international handcycle experience in (scientific) research and practice, evidence-based benefits of handcycling and optimization of handcycle settings are presented and discussed for rehabilitation, daily life and recreational sports.

The Social Determinants of Health: Time to Re-Think?

Twelve years have now passed since the influential WHO Report on the Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) in 2008. A group of senior international public health scholars and decision-makers met in Italy in mid-2019 to review the legacy of the SDoH conceptual framework and its adequacy for the many challenges facing our field as we enter the 2020s. Four major categories of challenges were identified: emerging "exogenous" challenges to global health equity, challenges related to weak policy and practice implementation, more fundamental challenges related to SDoH theory and research, and broader issues around modern research in general.