Insights on the dynamic behavior of protein disulfide isomerase in the solution environment through the SAXS technique.

Unlabelled: The dynamic behavior of Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) in an aqueous solution environment under physiologically active pH has been experimentally verified in this study using Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) technique. The structural mechanism of dimerization for full-length PDI molecules and co-complex with two renowned substrates has been comprehensively discussed. The structure models obtained from the SAXS data of PDI purified from bovine liver display behavior duality between unaccompanied-enzyme and after engaged with substrates.

Elucidation of escitalopram oxalate and related antidepressants as putative inhibitors of PTP4A3/PRL-3 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma: A multi-computational investigation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) persists to be one of the most devastating and deadliest malignancies globally. Recent research into the molecular signaling networks entailed in many malignancies has given some prominent insights that can be leveraged to create molecular therapeutics for combating HCC. Therefore, in the current communication, an in-silico drug repurposing approach has been employed to target the function of PTP4A3/PRL-3 protein in HCC using antidepressants: Fluoxetine hydrochloride, Citalopram, Amitriptyline, Imipramine, and Escitalopram oxalate as the desired ligands.

Gut Microbiome and Cancer: From Cancer Development to Therapeutics with a Special Focus on Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

The body of a human has a vast array of microorganisms termed the microbiome that impacts almost every function of the body. Gene-environment interactions play a major role in making us susceptible to cancer and the microbiome is such an environmental factor that we are exposed to from the very beginning of our lives to the very end. Increasing pieces of evidence are pointing towards an association of cancer and the microbiome.

Elucidation of 7,8-dihydroxy flavone in complexing with the oxidative stress-inducing enzymes, its impact on radical quenching and DNA damage: an and approach.

Oxidative stress (OS) has been attributed to the progression of various disorders, including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Several antioxidant compounds and free radical quenchers have been shown to mitigate oxidative stress. However, large-scale randomized controlled trials of such compounds on chronic disease aversion have yielded paradoxical and disappointing results due to the constrained cognizance of their oxidative mechanisms and therapeutic targets.

The relevance of acid sphingomyelinase as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in hepatic disorders: current scenario and anticipated trends.

Acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) serves as one of the most remarkable enzymes in sphingolipid biology. ASMase facilitates the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin, yielding ceramide and phosphorylcholine via the phospholipase C signal transduction pathway. Owing to its prominent intervention in apoptosis, ASMase, and its product ceramide is now at the bleeding edge of lipid research due to the coalesced efforts of several research institutions over the past 40 years.

Selenium Nanoparticles Show Anticancer Activity Through Regulation of HIF-1α and HIF-2α Under Hypoxic Condition in Liver Cancer Cells.

Tumor microenvironment has significant influence in therapeutic response and clinical outcome. Combination therapy is more effective in cancer treatment compared with monotherapy. Any chemical or drug that targets tumor microenvironment pathway, will be a boon to combination cancer chemotherapy.

Epigenetics and mitochondrial dysfunction insights into the impact of the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

A metabolic problem occurs when regular functions of the body are disrupted due to an undesirable imbalance. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered as one of the most common in this category. NAFLD is subclassified and progresses from lipid accumulation to cirrhosis before advancing to hepatocellular cancer.

Transcriptional profiling reveals ataxia telangiectasia mutated pathways regulate joint copper and arsenic toxicity for hepatic metalloplasia and anti-cancer therapies.

Aims: Exposures to toxic metals, including arsenic (As), pose health risks but joint effects of physiologically needed metals, e.g., copper (Cu), are ill-defined for regulated metal-dependent cell proliferation (or metalloplasia).

The prominence of potential biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of hepatocellular carcinoma: Current scenario and future anticipation.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive and truculent types of cancer. Early detection of HCC is a massive concern that can boost the overall survival rates of HCC patients. As a result, there is a continual quest for advancements in screening, diagnosis, and treatment strategies to enhance the prognosis at its early stages.

Targeting molecular signal transduction pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma and its implications for cancer therapy.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a substantial health concern. It is currently the third dominating cause of mortality associated with cancer worldwide. The development of hepatocellular carcinoma is an intricate process that encompasses the impairment of genetic, epigenetic, and signal transduction mechanisms contributing to an aberrant metabolic system, enabling tumorigenesis.

Prevalence of microplastics in the sediments of Odisha beaches, southeastern coast of India.

The prevalence of microplastics along the coastal habitats has become a global concern owing to the increased input of plastic debris from multiple sources. The present study is the first of its kind to examine the prevalence and distribution of microplastics in Odisha coast. The average microplastic abundance in the nine stations along Odisha coastal beach is 258.

Prevalence and characteristics of microplastics present in the street dust collected from Chennai metropolitan city, India.

In the present study, we assessed the extent of microplastic pollution in the road dust of Chennai, the fifth largest metropolitan city in India. This study is the first of its kind to be reported from India. Sixteen different locations were selected from which road dust samples were collected.

Quantification of microplastics using Nile Red in two bivalve species Perna viridis and Meretrix meretrix from three estuaries in Pondicherry, India and microplastic uptake by local communities through bivalve diet.

Microplastics ingested by two bivalve species Perna viridis and Meretrix meretrix collected from three estuaries viz. Ariyankuppam, Panithittu, and Chunnambar in Pondicherry, India was analysed for the first time in this research. Nile Red dye was used for microplastic detection.

Curcuma longa and Trigonella foenum graecum-enriched nutrient mixture from germinated Macrotyloma uniflorum and Vigna radiate ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases in rats.

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver is increasing due to modern lifestyle. Germinated and dehulled Macrotyloma uniflorum and Vigna radiate were shown to have enhanced nutrients. Curcuma longa and Trigonella foenum graecum were proven hepatoprotective.

Nutrient mixture from germinated legumes: Enhanced medicinal value with herbs-attenuated liver cirrhosis.

Among various food processing strategies, germination and dehulling enhance the nutritional content of the food, and the addition of herbs to this could improve the medicinal value. The milled powders of germinated Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram) and Vigna radiata (green gram) were used to make the nutrient mixture. Further, Curcuma longa (turmeric) and Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) were used to improve its medicinal value.

Chemotherapeutic doses of arsenic trioxide delays hepatic regeneration by oxidative stress and hepatocyte apoptosis in partial hepatectomy rat.

The extensive regeneration potential of the liver makes use of hepatic re-sectioning and split liver transplantation for treating advanced liver diseases. Heavy metals such as cisplatin, carboplatin, and arsenic trioxide (ATO) are being practiced as chemotherapeutic agents for different cancers. Further, research is progressed on using different heavy metal nano-particles as a drug, drug carrier and diseases detective agent.

Arsenic trioxide, a cancer chemo drug hampers fibrotic liver regeneration by interrupting oxidative stress rekindling and stellate cell rejuvenation.

After withdrawal of liver toxic insult, the spontaneous regenerative potential of the liver is well reported in the literature. On the other hand, various molecules have been reported to promote as well as delay such natural regeneration. This current study investigates the involvement of arsenic trioxide (ATO) medication at chemotherapeutic dose on the spontaneous regeneration of the CCl induced fibrotic liver.

Butein protects the nonalcoholic fatty liver through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species attenuation in rats.

One of the worldwide metabolic health dilemma is nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). Researchers are searching effective drug to manage NAFLD patients. One of the best way to manage the metabolic imperfection is through natural principal isolated from different sources.

Unveiling anticancer potential of glibenclamide: Its synergistic cytotoxicity with doxorubicin on cancer cells.

Drug repurposing has been an emerging therapeutic strategy, which involves exploration of a new therapeutic approach for the use of an existing drug. Glibenclamide (Gli) is an anti-diabetic sulfonylurea drug extensively used for the treatment of type-2 diabetes, it has also been shown to possess anti-proliferative effect against several types of tumors. The present study was executed to understand the mechanisms underlying the interaction of Gli with DNA under physiological conditions.

Synthesis and characterisation of arsenic nanoparticles and its interaction with DNA and cytotoxic potential on breast cancer cells.

Therapeutic applications of arsenic trioxide (ATO) are limited due to their severe adverse effects. However, nanoparticles of ATO might possess inimitable biologic effects based on their structure and size which differ from their parent molecules. Based on this conception, AsNPs were synthesized from ATO and comparatively analysed for their interaction mechanism with DNA using spectroscopic & electrochemical techniques.

Nimbolide attenuate the lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and antioxidant in primary hepatocytes.

Nimbolide is a bioactive compound found in Azadirachta indica. This work was devised to investigate the potential effects of nimbolide on intracellular lipid deposition and its associated redox modulation in primary hepatocytes (Heps). Lipid accumulation was induced in Heps by supplementing 1 mM oleic acid for 24 h which was marked by significant accumulation of lipids.

Anticancer potential of ZnO nanoparticle-ferulic acid conjugate on Huh-7 and HepG2 cells and diethyl nitrosamine induced hepatocellular cancer on Wistar albino rat.

Drawbacks and limitations of recently available therapies to hepatocellular cancer (HCC) devoted the scientist to focus on emerging new strategies. ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) based chemotherapeutics has been emanating as a promising approach to maximize therapeutic synergy facilitating the discovery of novel multitargeted combinations. In the present study we conjugated ZnONPs with ferulic acid (ZnONPs-FAC) characterized by computational, spectroscopic and microscopic techniques.

Neutrophil extracellular traps in acrolein promoted hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury: Therapeutic potential of NOX2 and p38MAPK inhibitors.

Neutrophil is a significant contributor to ischemia reperfusion (IR) induced liver tissue damage. However, the exact role of neutrophils in IR induced innate immune activation and liver damage is not quite clear. Our study sheds light on the role of chronic oxidative stress end products in worsening the IR inflammatory process by neutrophil recruitment and activation following liver surgery.