Oroantral communication, its causes, complications, treatments and radiographic features: A pictorial review.

Purpose: An oroantral communication (OAC) is an abnormal space between the maxillary sinus and oral cavity. The causes, complications, treatment, and radiographic features of OAC in 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional imaging modalities are discussed.

Materials And Methods: This pictorial review presents a broad spectrum of imaging findings of OAC.

Accuracy of Three-Dimensional Upper Airway Prediction in Orthognathic Patients Using Dolphin Three-Dimensional Software.

Background: Orthodontists and surgeons have been looking for more accurate methods to predict surgical outcomes in patients with skeletal discrepancies.

Methods: The sample consisted of 20 patients from the surgical clinic of a graduate orthodontic program who had been treated with Le Fort I maxillary movement, bilateral sagittal split osteotomy, with or without genioplasty. All patients had to have preoperative (T0) and at least 6 months postoperative (T1) cone-beam computed tomographies that were imported to Dolphin 3-dimensional (3D) software.

Synthesis and antiproliferative activities of doxorubicin thiol conjugates and doxorubicin-SS-cyclic peptide.

Myocardial toxicity and drug resistance caused by drug efflux are major limitations of doxorubicin (Dox)-based chemotherapy. Dox structure modification could be used to develop conjugates with an improved biological profile, such as antiproliferative activity and higher cellular retention. Thus, Dox thiol conjugates, Dox thiol (Dox-SH), thiol-reactive Dox-SS-pyridine (SS = disulfide), and a Dox-SS-cell-penetrating cyclic peptide, Dox-SS-[C(WR)K], were synthesized.