Prebiotics: Comprehensive analysis of sources, structural characteristics and mechanistic roles in disease regulation.

Prebiotics are nondigestible components that comprise short-chain carbohydrates, primarily oligosaccharides, which are converted into beneficial compounds by probiotics. Various plant substances with prebiotic properties provide substantial health benefits and are used to prevent different diseases and for medical and clinical applications. Consuming prebiotics gives impeccable benefits since it aids in gut microbial balance.

Mechanisms and Intervention of Prebiotic Foods in Musculoskeletal Health.

The review focuses primarily on collating and analyzing the mechanistic research data that discusses the function of prebiotics to halt the frailty of musculoskeletal system. Musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) are frequently reported to co-occur within their own categories of conditions, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis owing to their overlapping pathogenesis. Consequently, the same drugs are often used to manage the complications of most types.

Therapeutic potential of probiotics in gut microbial homeostasis and Rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and joint damage. Existing treatment options primarily focus on managing symptoms and slowing disease progression, often with side effects and limitations. The gut microbiome, a vast community of microorganisms present in the gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in health and disease.

Prediction of Interactomic HUB Genes in Periodontitis With Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) risk correlates with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, suggesting systemic inflammation is present well before AMI. Studying different types of periodontal disease (PD), extremely common in individuals at risk for AMI, has been one important research topic. According to recent research, AMI and PD interact via the systemic production of certain proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, small signal molecules, and enzymes that control the onset and development of both disorders' chronic inflammatory reactions.

Evaluation of Rapanone and Nectandrin B as novel inhibitors for targeting the metastatic regulator protein BACH1 using breast cancer cell line Mcf-7.

Cancer formation is defined as the unrestrained proliferation of cells due to various factors acting as a causing agent. A limited number of over-expressed transcription factors are contributed to the development of numerous types of cancer. The metastatic regulator protein BTB And CNC Homology 1 (BACH1) is Cap 'N' Collar (CNC) and it belongs to a basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family.

A Review: The Antiviral Activity of Cyclic Peptides.

In the design and development of therapeutic agents, macromolecules with restricted structures have stronger competitive edges than linear biological entities since cyclization can overcome the limitations of linear structures. The common issues of linear peptides include susceptibility to degradation of the peptidase enzyme, off-target effects, and necessity of routine dosing, leading to instability and ineffectiveness. The unique conformational constraint of cyclic peptides provides a larger surface area to interact with the target at the same time, improving the membrane permeability and in vivo stability compared to their linear counterparts.

Advancement in the contemporary clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies of insomnia disorder.

This review is intended to provide an updated summary of, but not limited to, classification, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for insomnia disorder. The severity of insomnia symptoms irrespective of co-existing primary medical condition/s in the studied patients classified insomnia as 'insomnia disorder' to prioritize the clinical attention on insomnia (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition). The frequency and duration of symptoms further divided insomnia into chronic, short-term, and other insomnia disorder (International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition).

Ethnomedical, phytochemical and pharmacological insights on an Indian medicinal plant: The balloon vine (Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn.).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. (C. halicacabum) is one of the well-known leafy green vegetables in India.

Food obesogens as emerging metabolic disruptors; A toxicological insight.

Human food is composed of loads of chemicals derived naturally as well as unintentionally through environmental sources. Food additives added purposefully, play an important role in the palatability of foods. Most additives are synthetic whose essentiality in food processing is well-known however their health risks are not overlooked.

Formulation and optimisation of lamivudine-loaded Eudragit S 100 polymer-coated pectin microspheres for colon-specific delivery.

This investigation is to find a prolonged or delayed drug release system, exclusively for the treatment of hepatitis-B to reduce the side effects, which arise when conventional solid dose forms are administered. To pursue this goal, lamivudine-loaded Eudragit-coated pectin microspheres have been formulated employing water/oil (W/O) emulsion evaporation strategy. The formulation was optimised using a 3 factorial design.

Fortification of raw rice and rice flour using Cissus quadrangularis L. (veldt grape) stem powder to overcome osteoporosis and its associated skeletal complication through staple diet.

This study aimed to prepare the fortified rice/flour with Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) stem powder to eliminate nutritional deficiency and improve bone health. Mineral analysis by atomic absorption spectroscopy revealed that the CQ stem has adequate quantities of calcium, magnesium, and a moderate amount of phosphorous to meet the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Thus, the rice and flour were fortified with freeze-dried CQ stem powder to improve its nutraceutical contents.

Regulatory mechanisms of heme regulatory protein BACH1: a potential therapeutic target for cancer.

A limited number of overexpressed transcription factors are associated with cancer progression in many types of cancer. BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) is the first mammalian heme-binding transcription factor that belongs to the basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) family and a member of CNC (cap 'n' collar). It forms heterodimers with the small musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (MAF) proteins and stimulates or suppresses the expression of target genes under a very low intracellular heme concentration.

Evaluation of the anti-rheumatic properties of thymol using carbon dots as nanocarriers on FCA induced arthritic rats.

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that commences as inflammation and progressively destroys the articular joint. In this study, we assess the anti-rheumatic potential of the monoterpenoid class of thymol conjugated with Carbon Dots (CDs). Waste biomass in the form of dried rose petals was chosen as a precursor for the synthesis of CDs via a one-step hydrothermal bottom-up methodology.

(L.) Czern. leaves alleviate adjuvant-induced rheumatoid arthritis in rats via modulating the finest disease targets - IL2RA, IL18 and VEGFA.

(BJ) is a familiar edible crop, which has been used as a dietary ingredient and to prepare anti-inflammatory/anti-arthritic formulations in Ayurveda. But, the scientific validation or confirmation of its therapeutic properties is very limited. This study was performed to determine the efficiency of BJ leaves for the treatment of Rheumatoid arthritis using and systems.

Attenuation of protein glycation by functional polyphenolics of dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus); an in vitro and in silico evaluation.

Chronic hyperglycemia and oxidative stress promote non-enzymatic glycation that leads to the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs casue significant damage to physiological proteins which result in several complications. The scenario also corresponds to the chronic consumption of a diet rich in AGEs.

improves reproductive parameters in alloxan-induced male diabetic rats.

Male reproductive dysfunction is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus that causes infertility. This study was designed to investigate the protective effect of () extracts on diabetes mediated reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. The induction of diabetes was performed using a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg).

Evaluation of anti rheumatic activity of Piper betle L. (Betelvine) extract using in silico, in vitro and in vivo approaches.

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic, inflammatory, and systemic autoimmune disease, it affects elders worldwide. Herbal medicines have been used for the treatment of various ailments from ancient times. Betelvine (Piper betle L.

(veldt grape) attenuates disease progression and anatomical changes in mono sodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced knee osteoarthritis in the rat model.

The Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) stem has interesting nutritional and pharmacological properties to promote the health of the skeletal system. It is a well-recognized plant in the conventional system of medicine in India for treating bone and joint-associated complications. This study focuses on identifying the active constituents from the stem and root extracts of CQ and validating its anti-osteoarthritic activity by the in vivo model.

Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic efficacy of skin and seed extracts of Momordica cymbalaria on alloxan induced diabetic model in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Momordica cymbalaria, a wild vegetable belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family, has long been used as a food and a remedy for diabetes mellitus in the Asian native medicinal system.

Aim Of The Study: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of ethanolic extract of skin (EESK) and methanolic extract of seed (MESE) of M. cymbalaria (MC), for their hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in alloxan induced diabetic rats.

Food advanced glycation end products as potential endocrine disruptors: An emerging threat to contemporary and future generation.

Mankind exposure to chemicals in the past century has increased dramatically throughout environment. There is no question that chemicals interfere with the physiology of biological system. Abundance of chemicals is documented to be detrimental to human and wildlife.