Volatile Organic Compounds in Cellular Headspace after Hyperbaric Oxygen Exposure: An In Vitro Pilot Study.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) might be associated with pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). This pilot study aims to identify VOCs linked to oxidative stress employing an in vitro model of alveolar basal epithelial cells exposed to hyperbaric and hyperoxic conditions. In addition, the feasibility of this in vitro model for POT biomarker research was evaluated.

HS-GC-MS analysis of volatile organic compounds after hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress: a validation study.

Background: Exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particularly hydrocarbons from oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation, are associated with hyperoxia exposure. However, important heterogeneity amongst identified VOCs and concerns about their precise pathophysiological origins warrant translational studies assessing their validity as a marker of hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, this study sought to examine changes in VOCs previously associated with the oxidative stress response in hyperoxia-exposed lung epithelial cells.

Breath Markers of Oxidative Stress in Children with Severe Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infection.

Severe viral lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), resulting in both acute and long-term pulmonary disease, constitutes a substantial burden among young children. Viral LRTI triggers local oxidative stress pathways by infection and inflammation, and supportive care in the pediatric intensive care unit may further aggravate oxidative injury. The main goal of this exploratory study was to identify and monitor breath markers linked to oxidative stress in children over the disease course of severe viral LRTI.

Generation of Aerosols by Noninvasive Respiratory Support Modalities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Importance: Infection control guidelines have historically classified high-flow nasal oxygen and noninvasive ventilation as aerosol-generating procedures that require specialized infection prevention and control measures.

Objective: To evaluate the current evidence that high-flow nasal oxygen and noninvasive ventilation are associated with pathogen-laden aerosols and aerosol generation.

Data Sources: A systematic search of EMBASE and PubMed/MEDLINE up to March 15, 2023, and CINAHL and ClinicalTrials.

Influence of bacterial and alveolar cell co-culture on microbial VOC production using HS-GC/MS.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) found in exhaled breath continue to garner interest as an alternative diagnostic tool in pulmonary infections yet, their clinical integration remains a challenge with difficulties in translating identified biomarkers. Alterations in bacterial metabolism secondary to host nutritional availability may explain this but is often inadequately modelled . The influence of more clinically relevant nutrients on VOC production for two common respiratory pathogens was investigated.

Validation of volatile metabolites of pulmonary oxidative injury: a bench to bedside study.

Background: Changes in exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can be used to discriminate between respiratory diseases, and increased concentrations of hydrocarbons are commonly linked to oxidative stress. However, the VOCs identified are inconsistent between studies, and translational studies are lacking.

Methods: In this bench to bedside study, we captured VOCs in the headspace of A549 epithelial cells after exposure to hydrogen peroxide (HO), to induce oxidative stress, using high-capacity polydimethylsiloxane sorbent fibres.

The Local and Systemic Exposure to Oxygen in Children With Severe Bronchiolitis on Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: Oxygen supplementation is a cornerstone treatment in critically ill children with bronchiolitis in the PICU. However, potential deleterious effects of high-dose oxygen are well-known. In this study, we aim to describe the pulmonary (local) and arterial (systemic) oxygen exposure over the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in children with severe bronchiolitis.

Association of Arterial Hyperoxia With Outcomes in Critically Ill Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Oxygen supplementation is a cornerstone treatment in pediatric critical care. Accumulating evidence suggests that overzealous use of oxygen, leading to hyperoxia, is associated with worse outcomes compared with patients with normoxia.

Objectives: To evaluate the association of arterial hyperoxia with clinical outcome in critically ill children among studies using varied definitions of hyperoxia.