Machine Learning Algorithm-Aided Determination of Predictors of Mortality from Diabetic Foot Sepsis at a Regional Hospital in South Africa During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

: Diabetic foot sepsis (DFS) accounts for approximately 60% of hospital admissions in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Individuals with DM are at risk of severe COVID-19. This study investigated factors associated with major amputation and mortality in patients admitted with DFS during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Holomics and Artificial Intelligence-Driven Precision Oncology for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Addressing Challenges of a Rare and Aggressive Disease.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare yet aggressive form of thyroid cancer comprising a disproportionate share of thyroid cancer-related mortalities, despite its low prevalence. MTC differs from other differentiated thyroid malignancies due to its heterogeneous nature, presenting complexities in both hereditary and sporadic cases. Traditional management guidelines, which are designed primarily for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), fall short in providing the individualized care required for patients with MTC.

Exploring Water-Soluble South African Harv Extract as a Therapeutic Approach for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 20% of all breast cancer cases and is characterized by a lack of estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor 2 receptors. Current targeted medicines have been unsuccessful due to this absence of hormone receptors. This study explored the efficacy of , a South African medicinal plant, for the treatment of TNBC metastasis.

The clinicopathological landscape of thyroid cancer in South Africa-A multi-institutional review.

Background: In South Africa (SA), data on the incidence of thyroid cancer is limited. Papillary thyroid carcinoma is by far the most common malignancy in developed countries; however, a preponderance of follicular thyroid cancer in developing countries, despite iodized salt, has been observed. The aim of this study was to describe the national landscape of thyroid cancer in SA with reference to pathological subtypes, surgical outcomes, and treatments offered.

Performance of Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy in a Low- and Middle-Income Country.

Introduction: The 6 categories of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology (TBSRTC) with associated risk of malignancy (ROM) provide evidence-based clinical management guidelines. This study aimed to determine the ROM and accuracy of FNAB in South Africa (SA).

Methods: Thyroid specimens from 3 pathology laboratories registered between January 2015 and December 2019 were considered for inclusion.

Life expectancy of patients with diabetic foot sepsis post-lower extremity amputation at a regional hospital in a South African setting. A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Diabetes foot sepsis (DFS) is the leading cause of amputation of lower extremities. Over 50 % of patients who have had major lower extremity amputation due to DFS are dead within 4 years following the procedure.

Aim: To determine the life expectancy of patients following amputation for DFS at a regional hospital in South Africa.

The Usefulness of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Management of Parotid Gland Masses at a Tertiary Academic Hospital.

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an integral part of the preoperative work-up of parotid tumours.

Aim: To determine the rate of concordance between FNAC and histology following parotidectomy.

Methods: A review of records of patients who had parotidectomy which was preceded FNAC was done.

From Incidence to Intervention: A Comprehensive Look at Breast Cancer in South Africa.

The formidable impact of breast cancer extends globally, with South Africa facing pronounced challenges, including significant disparities in breast cancer screening, treatment and survival along ethnic and socioeconomic lines. Over the last two decades, breast cancer incidence has increased and now accounts for a substantial portion of cancers in women. Ethnic disparities in terms of screening, incidence and survival exacerbate the issue, leading to delayed diagnosis among Black patients and highlighting healthcare inequities.

An obscure cause of bowel obstruction: Jejunal herniation into uterine cavity.

Introduction And Importance: Adhesions and external hernias are the two most common causes of small bowel obstruction. Perforation of organs within the abdomen or pelvis following manual vacuum aspiration is known to lead to an acute presentation.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 33-year-old female with small bowel obstruction due to herniation of a loop of intestine through a uterine defect with symptoms starting 63 days following manual vacuum aspiration.

Diagnosis and management of a pelvic solitary fibrous tumor in a postmenopausal woman - a case report.

Background: Solitary fibrous tumors, previously known as hemangiopericytomas, originate from mesenchymal tissue and can occur at many body sites, such as the thorax, head and neck, retroperitoneal space and abdomen. These tumors are generally rare and pelvic location is extremely uncommon. Consequently, pelvic solitary tumors could be mistaken for ovarian cancer in menopausal women.

Multi-Omics and Management of Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid.

Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common cancer of the thyroid gland, accounting for up to 20% of all primary malignant tumors in iodine-replete areas. The diagnostic work-up, staging, risk stratification, management, and follow-up strategies in patients who have FTC are modeled after those of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), even though FTC is more aggressive. FTC has a greater propensity for haematogenous metastasis than PTC.

Comparison between preoperative biopsy and post-excision histology results in sarcoma: experience at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Background: Tumour size, grade and subtype are the main prognostic factors in adult patients presenting with soft-tissue sarcoma. Planning for appropriate management, including the need for additional staging investigations and neoadjuvant therapy, is dependent on reliable preoperative histopathological results.

Objectives: To determine whether there is agreement between preoperative and post-excision histological findings in patients presenting with soft-tissue sarcoma, and whether the agreement is influenced by the subtypes of sarcomas.

Salmonella thyroiditis: a case report and review of the literature.

Thyroid abscesses are rare, and Staphylococcus aureus is the main causative organism. Abscesses caused by other organisms are even rarer. This report describes a case of salmonella thyroiditis in an HIV-positive patient.