Rheology of hyaluronic acid and dynamic facial rejuvenation: Topographical specificities.

Sound knowledge of the rheology of hyaluronic acids is fundamental for facial rejuvenation procedures. Hyaluronic acid implants are subjected to complex mechanical forces within the facial tissues that vary depending on the anatomical region. Analysis of these forces is important to establish the rheological specifications of hyaluronic acid implants in each specific zone.

Facial dynamics and emotional expressions in facial aging treatments.

Facial expressions convey emotions that form the foundation of interpersonal relationships, and many of these emotions promote and regulate our social linkages. Hence, the facial aging symptomatological analysis and the treatment plan must of necessity include knowledge of the facial dynamics and the emotional expressions of the face. This approach aims to more closely meet patients' expectations of natural-looking results, by correcting age-related negative expressions while observing the emotional language of the face.

Global 3-dimensional approach to natural rejuvenation: recommendations for perioral, nose, and ear rejuvenation.

Background: There is a move toward a global, 3-dimensional approach to facial rejuvenation that has been prompted by advances in techniques and available products. However, little published literature exists on the procedures involved in this global approach, and currently, no validated recommendations exist.

Objectives: To provide a detailed, practical guide to rejuvenation of the perioral area, nose, and ears based on expert consensus recommendations.

Global, 3-dimensional approach to natural rejuvenation: part 1 - recommendations for volume restoration and the periocular area.

Background: New techniques and products have lead to a global approach for the treatment of signs of aging. However, there is little published literature on the procedures involved in this approach and currently no validated recommendations exist.

Objectives: To provide a detailed, practical guide to midfacial volume restoration and rejuvenation of the periocular area based on expert consensus recommendations.

How to achieve synergy between volume replacement and filling products for global facial rejuvenation.

The objective of this paper is to provide an expert consensus regarding facial rejuvenation using a combination of volume replacement (Juvéderm(®) VOLUMA(®)), filling products (Juvéderm(®) Ultra product line) and botulinum toxin. The Juvéderm product line exploits innovative 3-D technology, producing a range of cohesive, homogenous gels that produce predictable, long-lasting and natural results. The products are easy to use by practitioners and are well-tolerated by patients, and used in combination can provide additional benefits not achieved with one product alone.