Lesion-symptom mapping corroborates lateralization of verbal and nonverbal memory processes and identifies distributed brain networks responsible for memory dysfunction.

Memory disorders are a common consequence of cerebrovascular accident (CVA). However, uncertainties remain about the exact anatomical correlates of memory impairment and the material-specific lateralization of memory function in the brain. We used lesion-symptom mapping (LSM) in patients with first-time CVA to identify which brain structures are pivotal for verbal and nonverbal memory and to re-examine whether verbal and nonverbal memory functions are lateralized processes in the brain.

Imagery ability assessments: a cross-disciplinary systematic review and quality evaluation of psychometric properties.

Background: Over the last two centuries, researchers developed several assessments to evaluate the multidimensional construct of imagery. However, no comprehensive systematic review (SR) exists for imagery ability evaluation methods and an in-depth quality evaluation of their psychometric properties.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive systematic search in six databases in the disciplines of sport, psychology, medicine, education: SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and ERIC.

Efficacy of inpatient personalized multidisciplinary rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis: behavioural and functional imaging results.

Background: Although multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs are commonly used in clinical practice for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), they are currently underexamined.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the efficacy and underlying brain mechanisms of an inpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with relapse-onset MS underwent a 4-week personalized inpatient multidisciplinary rehabilitation and three assessment sessions including MRI, clinical, cognitive and motor function evaluation.

[Psychosomatic Rehabilitation: An Overview].

Psychosomatic Rehabilitation: An Overview Psychosomatic Medicine is based on the shared understanding that physical illnesses can have a multi-factorial aetiology, whereby biological, psychological and social factors interact to cause and maintain physical and mental symptoms and complaints. Commonly implicated aetiological factors in psychosomatic disorders are physical and / or psychological stress, inflammation and degeneration, and the resulting symptoms can manifest themselves in different organ systems, such as: the nervous system, the musculoskeletal system, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal system and the skin. In order to create a model of psychosomatic symptoms that would allow for a systematic classification of psychosomatic disorders, the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR) were developed in 1995.

Motor imagery ability assessments in four disciplines: protocol for a systematic review.

Introduction: Motor imagery (MI) is a very popular and well-accepted technique in different disciplines. Originating from sport and psychology, MI is now also used in the field of medicine and education. Several studies confirmed the benefits of MI to facilitate motor learning and skill acquisition.

Effects of acupuncture and computer-assisted cognitive training for post-stroke attention deficits: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: A majority of stroke survivors present with cognitive impairments. Attention disturbance, which leads to impaired concentration and overall reduced cognitive functions, is strongly associated with stroke. The clinical efficacy of acupuncture with Baihui (GV20) and Shenting (GV24) as well as computer-assisted cognitive training in stroke and post-stroke cognitive impairment have both been demonstrated in previous studies.

Three-dimensional, task-specific robot therapy of the arm after stroke: a multicentre, parallel-group randomised trial.

Background: Arm hemiparesis secondary to stroke is common and disabling. We aimed to assess whether robotic training of an affected arm with ARMin--an exoskeleton robot that allows task-specific training in three dimensions-reduces motor impairment more effectively than does conventional therapy.

Methods: In a prospective, multicentre, parallel-group randomised trial, we enrolled patients who had had motor impairment for more than 6 months and moderate-to-severe arm paresis after a cerebrovascular accident who met our eligibility criteria from four centres in Switzerland.

German translation, cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the whiplash disability questionnaire.

Background: The Australian Whiplash Disability Questionnaire (WDQ) was cross-culturally translated, adapted, and tested for validity to be used in German-speaking patients. The self-administered questionnaire evaluates actual pain intensity, problems in personal care, role performance, sleep disturbances, tiredness, social and leisure activities, emotional and concentration impairments with 13 questions rated on an 11-point rating scale from zero to ten.

Methods: In a first part, the Australian-based WDQ was forward and backward translated.

German version of the whiplash disability questionnaire: reproducibility and responsiveness.

Background: The Whiplash Disability Questionnaire (WDQ) poses a validated tool for the assessment of patients who experience whiplash-associated disorders. A German translation and cross-cultural adaptation was recently produced and presented high validity and internal consistency. As a follow-up, the presented study tests the translated Whiplash Disability Questionnaire's (WDQ-G) retest reliability and responsiveness to change.

Two assessments to evaluate imagery ability: translation, test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the German KVIQ and Imaprax.

Background: A combination of physical practice and motor imagery (MI) can improve motor function. It is essential to assess MI vividness in patients with sensorimotor impairments before implementing MI interventions. The study's aims were to translate the Canadian Kinaesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ) and the French Imaprax, and to examine reliability and validity of the German versions.

Motor imagery experiences and use: asking patients after stroke where, when, what, why, and how they use imagery: a qualitative investigation.

Background. A framework on where, when, what, why, and how to use imagery from sports psychology was explored whether it can be applied in patients after stroke in their chronic stage. Methods.

Comparison of embedded and added motor imagery training in patients after stroke: results of a randomised controlled pilot trial.

Background: Motor imagery (MI) when combined with physiotherapy can offer functional benefits after stroke. Two MI integration strategies exist: added and embedded MI. Both approaches were compared when learning a complex motor task (MT): 'Going down, laying on the floor, and getting up again'.

Dexamphetamine improves upper extremity outcome during rehabilitation after stroke: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: For early inpatient stroke rehabilitation, the effectiveness of amphetamine combined with physiotherapy varies across studies.

Objective: To investigate whether the recovery of activities of daily living (ADL, primary outcome) and motor function (secondary outcome) can be improved by dexamphetamine added to physiotherapy.

Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 16 patients, from 918 who were screened, were randomized to the experimental group (EG, dexamphetamine + physiotherapy) or control group (CG, placebo + physiotherapy).

Best practice for motor imagery: a systematic literature review on motor imagery training elements in five different disciplines.

Background: The literature suggests a beneficial effect of motor imagery (MI) if combined with physical practice, but detailed descriptions of MI training session (MITS) elements and temporal parameters are lacking. The aim of this review was to identify the characteristics of a successful MITS and compare these for different disciplines, MI session types, task focus, age, gender and MI modification during intervention.

Methods: An extended systematic literature search using 24 databases was performed for five disciplines: Education, Medicine, Music, Psychology and Sports.

Objectively-assessed outcome measures: a translation and cross-cultural adaptation procedure applied to the Chedoke McMaster Arm and Hand Activity Inventory (CAHAI).

Background: Standardised translation and cross-cultural adaptation (TCCA) procedures are vital to describe language translation, cultural adaptation, and to evaluate quality factors of transformed outcome measures. No TCCA procedure for objectively-assessed outcome (OAO) measures exists. Furthermore, no official German version of the Canadian Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory (CAHAI) is available.

Comparison of embedded and added motor imagery training in patients after stroke: study protocol of a randomised controlled pilot trial using a mixed methods approach.

Background: Two different approaches have been adopted when applying motor imagery (MI) to stroke patients. MI can be conducted either added to conventional physiotherapy or integrated within therapy sessions. The proposed study aims to compare the efficacy of embedded MI to an added MI intervention.

Motor training of upper extremity with functional electrical stimulation in early stroke rehabilitation.

Background: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) allows active exercises in stroke patients with upper extremity paralysis.

Objective: To investigate the effect of motor training with FES on motor recovery in acute and subacute stroke patients with severe to complete arm and/or hand paralysis.

Methods: For this pilot study, 23 acute and subacute stroke patients were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 12) and control group (n = 11).

A distinct pattern of myofascial findings in patients after whiplash injury.

Objective: To identify objective clinical examinations for the diagnosis of whiplash syndrome, whereby we focused on trigger points.

Design: A cross-sectional study with 1 measurement point.

Setting: A quiet treatment room in a rehabilitation center.

Trunk sway measures of postural stability during clinical balance tests in patients with chronic whiplash injury symptoms.

Study Design: Trunk sway occurring during clinical stance and gait tasks was compared between a group of subjects with a chronic whiplash injury, resulting from an automobile collision, and a normal collective.

Objectives: To examine if population specific trunk sway patterns for stance and gait could be identified for chronic whiplash injury patients.

Summary Of Background Data: Our previous work has established that it is possible to identify specific patterns of stance and gait deficits for vestibular loss (both acute and compensated) patients and those with Parkinson's disease.