Mental disorders on admission to jail: A study of prevalence and a comparison with a community sample in the north of France.

Background: The aim of the present study was to estimate prevalence rates of psychiatric and substance use disorders in male and female prisoners on admission to prison in the north of France and compare the frequency of these disorders to the general population.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey on Mental Health in the Prison Population (MHPP), conducted between March 2014 and April 2017, interviewed 653 randomly selected men and women who had recently been committed to the French general population prison system in the Nord and Pas-de-Calais departments. For each subject, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), a standardized psychiatric interview, was used to screen for psychiatric and substance use disorders.

Heart rate variability changes and emotion regulation abilities in short- and long-term abstinent alcoholic individuals.

Introduction: Difficulties in identifying and regulating emotion are recognized as major factors of relapse in alcohol use disorders (AUD). This study aimed to evaluate the differences of emotion regulation processes in AUD patients with short-term (STA, less than one month) and long-term abstinence (LTA, at least six months) by recording the high frequency of Heart Rate Variability (HF-HRV) in response to emotional and neutral stimuli.

Method: Emotional induction constituted the presentation of highly emotional and neutral pictures (IAPS data base) presenting human interactions.

Autobiographical Memory Deficits in Alcohol-Dependent Patients with Short- and Long-Term Abstinence.

Background: Autobiographical memory (AM) enables the storage and retrieval of life experiences that allow individuals to build their sense of identity. Several AM impairments have been described in patients with alcohol abuse disorders without assessing whether such deficits can be recovered. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify whether the semantic (SAM) and episodic (EAM) dimensions of AM are affected in individuals with alcohol dependence after short-term abstinence (STA) or long-term abstinence (LTA).

[Continued use of hypnotic initiated as part of antidepressant treatment].

Introduction: Chronic hypnotic prescription is common, but not recommended. This study analysed whether hypnotic use at the beginning of antidepressant treatment could be the starting point for future hypnotic use.

Methods: Concomitant hypnotic and antidepressant prescriptions were retrieved from the National Health Insurance Fund for employees of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais database.

[Outpatient cannabis withdrawal programme].

Cannabis is the most consumed illicit substance in France, and its use can lead to dependency. Lille university hospital, le Pari association, offers patients wanting to stop using cannabis a support therapy based on positive feedback led by nurses, as well as symptomatic treatment of anxiety and sleep disorders.

[Temporary recommendation for use on off-label baclofen: viewpoint of Prescribers of the CAMTEA system].

The use of high dose baclofen for alcohol-dependence emerged in France from 2008 based on empirical findings, and is still off-label. However, due to the rapid increase in this prescribing practice, the French health authorities have decided to frame it using an extraordinary regulatory measure named "temporary recommendation for use" (TRU). Baclofen prescribers from CAMTEA, a regional team-based off-label system for supervising baclofen prescribing, which was developed much prior to the TRU, discuss herein the pros and cons of this measure and the applicability of its different aspects in the daily clinical practice.

Safety and drinking outcomes among patients with comorbid alcohol dependence and borderline personality disorder treated with high-dose baclofen: a comparative cohort study.

In France, the off-label use of high-dose baclofen (HDB) for alcohol dependence is spreading. HDB induces frequent neuropsychiatric adverse events (AEs). Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a major axis-two psychiatric disorder that exposes to frequent comorbid alcohol dependence and increased risky behaviors.

Mortality of people suffering from mental illness: a study of a cohort of patients hospitalised in psychiatry in the north of France.

Background: The mortality of people suffering from psychiatric illnesses is far higher than that of the general population, all categories of diagnosis combined; mortality statistics can be used as an index of quality of care. The aim of this study was to assess the all-cause mortality in psychiatric patients covering all diagnostic groups.

Methods: The living or deceased status of 4,417 patients of majority age hospitalised in a public mental health establishment between 2004 and 2007 were requested from French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies on 1st January 2011.

[Outpatient withdrawal programme: advanced practice in addictology].

Advanced nursing practices are procedures enabling nurses to carry out, in a structured and predefined manner, tasks usually entrusted to doctors. Introduced in France by the Berland reports of 2003 and 2006, advanced nursing practices remain under-developed in the fields of psychiatry and addictology. In this context, Lille regional and university hospital has set up an outpatient programme for alcohol withdrawal, a scheme coordinated by a nurse, authorised to modifythe treatment dosage according to the patient's clinical state and who is supported by a network of caregivers during the period of medicalised withdrawal.

[Prescription of psychotropic medicines to pregnant women in Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France].

Aim: Prescription of psychotropic medicines carries risks to pregnancy. It is therefore appropriate to measure the prescription rate of these compounds in pregnant women.

Method: We studied the prescription rate for psychotropic agents to pregnant women from the Cnamts medicines reimbursement data and we compared this to prescriptions in non-pregnant women in the same age group.

[First analysis of the deployment of the ethical approach in the field of mental health in the Nord Pas-de-Calais region].

For 3 years, the Regional Federation of Mental Health Research (F2RSM) has led a space ethics reflexion Department of mental health (ERESM) to federate structures that ethical institutions and mental health services have been creating in the Nord-Pas de Calais. This approach is, in many ways, revealing issues that involve the institutionalisation of ethical reflection in care facilities. In this article, after referring to the major developments in this field, we describe the conditions for the emergence of ethical bodies in the region.

A case of de novo seizures following a probable interaction of high-dose baclofen with alcohol.

Aims: Baclofen is a promising medication for the treatment of alcohol dependence, and the prescription of high-dose baclofen (HDB) is increasing within the medical community, especially for patients who are unresponsive to approved treatments. Although baclofen is considered to be quite safe at low doses, the possible interactions between HDB and alcohol have not been precisely studied.

Methods: We report the case of a 46-year-old patient without any history of neurological disorders who experienced two episodes of seizures after a short relapse of alcohol misuse while undergoing treatment with up to 240 mg/day of baclofen.

[A system of prescriptions without drug approval: example of baclofen].

Baclofen is an anti-spastic drug that acts as an agonist of GABA-B receptors. It also seems to decrease the appetence for alcohol (anti-craving effect), although this effect has not been certified by Authorities for drug approval in France (AMM). However, baclofen receives a great deal of demand by patients hoping to reduce their alcohol consumption.

Fetal alcohol-induced hyperactivity is reversed by treatment with the PPARα agonist fenofibrate in a rat model.

Introduction: Exposure to alcohol in utero is linked to the development of a wide range of psychobehavioral changes, notably hyperactivity and attention deficit, with complex underlying pathological and functional mechanisms. Although the currently available treatments for hyperactivity have been studied in children exposed to alcohol in utero, the efficacy of these compounds is subject to debate and has prompted efforts to identify new pharmacological targets.

Method: In a rat model of early alcohol exposure (i.

[Influential factors in regular and intensive use of psychoactive drugs].

The article attempts to construct a typology to the use of psychoactive drugs and the study of the various factors linked to their use, whether heavy or regular. The results draw on the exploitation of databases containing medicines presented for reimbursement by medical insurance in the Nord - Pas-de-Calais region. In 2007 and 2008, 20.

Impact of tryptophan metabolism on the vulnerability to alcohol-related blackouts and violent impulsive behaviours.

Aims: We examined (1) the association of SLC6A4 genotypes and alcohol dependence (AD) in a sample of alcoholics; (2) the validity of lifetime occurrence of blacked-out violent impulsive behaviour (BOVIB) during binge drinking bouts as a criterion for subtyping AD patients and (3) a mechanistic hypothesis for BOVIB involving tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) activity.

Methods: Three common polymorphisms of the SLC6A4 gene (5-HTTLPR, A/G SNP of LPR region and VNTR in intron 2) were genotyped. An oral tryptophan (Trp) load (OTL) was administered to a sample of patients seeking help for AD.

Catatonia recognition and treatment.

Background: Catatonic syndrome is no longer considered a subtype of schizophrenia but is more frequently associated with mood disorders (mania, melancholia, and psychotic depression) as well as general medical conditions (neurological disorders, drug-induced and toxic-induced conditions, metabolic conditions). A case of catatonia is reported which occurred after alcohol withdrawal.

Case Report: Catatonia occurred 48 hours after alcohol withdrawal in a 54-year-old woman who had stopped all her treatment (in the context of a type II bipolar disorder).