Sequential Blood Collection from Inferior Vena Cava Followed by Portal Vein to Evaluate Gut Microbial Metabolites in Mice.

Gut microbial products are known to act both locally within the intestine and get absorbed into circulation, where their effects can extend to numerous distant organ systems. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are one class of metabolites produced by gut microbes during the fermentation of indigestible dietary fiber. They are now recognized as important contributors to how the gut microbiome influences extra-intestinal organ systems via the gut-lung, gut-brain, and other gut-organ axes throughout the host.

Monoclonal antibodies neutralizing alpha-hemolysin, bicomponent leukocidins, and clumping factor A protected against -induced acute circulatory failure in a mechanically ventilated rabbit model of hyperdynamic septic shock.

Background: Patients with septic shock caused by have mortality rates exceeding 50%, despite appropriate antibiotic therapy. Our objectives were to establish a rabbit model of septic shock and to determine whether a novel immunotherapy can prevent or halt its natural disease progression.

Methods: Anesthetized rabbits were ventilated with lung-protective low-tidal volume, instrumented for advanced hemodynamic monitoring, and characterized for longitudinal changes in acute myocardial dysfunction by echocardiography and sepsis-associated biomarkers after intravenous challenge.

Regulation of Lung Immune Tone by the Gut-Lung Axis via Dietary Fiber, Gut Microbiota, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids.

Lung immune tone, i.e. the immune state of the lung, can vary between individuals and over a single individual's lifetime, and its basis and regulation in the context of inflammatory responses to injury is poorly understood.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Rabbit Model for Preclinical Drug Development.

Development and validation of large animal models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia are needed for testing new drug candidates in a manner that mimics how they will be used clinically. We developed a new model in which rabbits were ventilated with low tidal volume and challenged with P. aeruginosa to recapitulate hallmark clinical features of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): acute lung injury and inflammation, progressive decrease in arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen PaO:FiO, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hyperlactatemia, severe hypotension, bacterial dissemination from lung to other organs, multiorgan dysfunction, and ultimately death.