Association between childhood adversity and use of the health, social, and justice systems in Denmark (DANLIFE): a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Childhood adversities can negatively affect health and social outcomes. We aimed to assess the association between adversity in childhood and use of public services in early adulthood across three systems: health, social welfare, and justice.

Methods: We used Danish nationwide registry data on individuals born between 1980 and 1991 and followed up between 1998 and 2021.

Phenotypic characteristics of patients with chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia: a cross-sectional cluster analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to explore whether phenotypic characteristics of patients with chronic widespread pain (CWP) and fibromyalgia (FM) can be aggregated into definable clusters that may help to tailor treatments.

Method: Baseline variables (sex, age, education, marital/employment status, pain duration, prior CWP/FM diagnosis, concomitant rheumatic disease, analgesics, tender point count, and disease variables derived from standardized questionnaires) collected from 1099 patients (93.4% females, mean age 44.

Performing up to Nordic principles? Geographic and socioeconomic equity in ambulatory care sensitive conditions among older adults in capital areas of Denmark, Finland and Sweden in 2000-2015.

Background: Denmark, Finland and Sweden pursue equity in health for their citizens through universal health care. However, it is unclear if these services reach the older adult population equally across different socioeconomic positions or living areas. Thus, we assessed geographic and socioeconomic equity in primary health care (PHC) performance among the older adults in the capital areas of Denmark (Copenhagen), Finland (Helsinki) and Sweden (Stockholm) in 2000-2015.

Time to first treatment and risk of disability pension in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Initiation of disease-modifying therapy early in the disease course of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) has demonstrated beneficial effects on clinical outcomes, but socioeconomic outcomes remain largely unexplored. To investigate the association between the delay from disease onset to first treatment and the hazard of disability pension. We performed a population-based cohort study with data from the nationwide Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry and Danish nationwide registries.

Use of Self-Collected Saliva Samples for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2.

Objective: Using a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) emergency use authorization (EUA) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, we examined the analytic performance accuracy of saliva specimens as compared to nasopharyngeal (NP) specimens in symptomatic patients. Correlation between test results and symptoms was also evaluated.

Methods: Over a 5-week period in 2020, 89 matched saliva and nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from individuals exhibiting symptoms consistent with SARS-CoV-2.

Prognostic factors for work disability in patients with chronic widespread pain and fibromyalgia: protocol for a cohort study.

Introduction: The association between chronic widespread pain (CWP) and disability is well established. Although research support large interindividual differences in functional outcomes, limited studies are available on the socio-economic consequences of offering stratified treatment based on prognostic factors. Identification of predictors of long-term functional outcomes such as work disability as a critical consequence, could assist early and targeted personalised interventions.

Performance Accuracy of a Laboratory-Developed Real-Time RT-PCR Method for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Self-Collected Saliva Specimens.

Objective: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has challenged diagnostic laboratories to re-examine traditional methods for collecting specimens and sample types used in molecular testing. Our goal was to demonstrate that saliva can be used for detecting SARS-CoV-2 and correlates well with established molecular methods using nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs.

Methods: We examined use of a saliva collection device in conjunction with a laboratory-developed real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (LDPCR) method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in a symptomatic population and compared results with 2 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved methods (emergency use authorization [EUA]) that use specimens from NP swabs.

Addressing the Challenge of COVID-19: One Health Care Site's Leadership Response to the Pandemic.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created an extremely disruptive challenge for health care leaders that required a rapid, dynamic, and innovative response. The purpose of this manuscript is to share the leadership actions and decisions at Mayo Clinic in Florida during the first 6 months of the pandemic (February to July 2020). We note 4 strategies that contributed to an effective response: (1) leverage experience with disaster preparedness and mobilize regional and national networks; (2) use surge models to anticipate and to address supply chain issues as well as practical and financial effects of the pandemic; (3) adapt creatively to establish new safety and procedural protocols in various areas for various populations; and (4) communicate timely information effectively and be the common source of truth.

Disability pension among persons with chronic disease: Differential impact of a Danish policy reform.

Background: In 2013, Denmark implemented a reform that tightened the criteria for disability pension, expanded a subsidized job scheme ('flexi-job') and introduced a new vocational rehabilitation scheme. The overall aim of the reform was to keep more persons attached to the labour market. This study investigates the impact of the reform among persons with chronic disease and whether this impact differed across groups defined by labour market affiliation and chronic disease type.

What is the effect of changing eligibility criteria for disability benefits on employment? A systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence from OECD countries.

Background: Restrictions in the eligibility requirements for disability benefits have been introduced in many countries, on the assumption that this will increase work incentives for people with chronic illness and disabilities. Evidence to support this assumption is unclear, but there is a danger that removal of social protection without increased employment would increase the risk of poverty among disabled people. This paper presents a systematic review of the evidence on the employment effects of changes to eligibility criteria across OECD countries.

Inequalities in extending working lives beyond age 60 in Canada, Denmark, Sweden and England-By gender, level of education and health.

Background: Keeping older workers in employment is critical for societies facing the challenge of an ageing population. This study examined the association between types of health conditions and differentials in the probability of employment by level of education among men and women between 60-69 years of age in Canada, Denmark, Sweden and England.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Canadian Community Health Survey, Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.

The impact of longstanding illness and common mental disorder on competing employment exits routes in older working age: A longitudinal data-linkage study in Sweden.

Objectives: Comorbidity is prevalent in older working ages and might affect employment exits. This study aimed to 1) assess the associations between comorbidity and different employment exit routes, and 2) examine such associations by gender.

Methods: We used data from employed adults aged 50-62 in the Stockholm Public Health Survey 2002 and 2006, linked to longitudinal administrative income records (N = 10,416).

Too sick to work, too healthy to qualify: a cross-country analysis of the effect of changes to disability benefits.

Background: Denmark and Sweden have implemented reforms that narrowed disability benefit eligibility criteria. Such reforms in combination with increasing work demands create a pincer movement where in particular those with moderate health problems might be unable to comply with work demands, but still not qualify for permanent disability benefits, ending up with temporary means-tested or no benefits. This paper examines whether this actually happened before and after the reforms.

The Importance of a Radiologist-Administrator Partnership to Future Health Care.

Successful physician and administrator leader partnerships are a key differentiator in today's volatile, unpredictable, ever-changing health care landscape. Whether they are leading a division, a department, or an organization, intentional and mindful physician-administrator partnerships affect success from the micro individual level to the macro organizational level. Mayo Clinic's physician and administrative leaders are leveraging a long-held tradition of partnership by elevating their own competence as effective partners to ensure organizational sustainability.

Prevalence of hyperdense paraspinal vein sign in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension without dural CSF leak on standard CT myelography.

Purpose: A recently identified and treatable cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-venous fistula, and a recently described computed tomography myelogram (CTM) finding highly compatible with but not diagnostic of this entity is the hyperdense paraspinal vein sign. We aimed to retrospectively measure the prevalence of the hyperdense paraspinal vein sign on CTMs in SIH patients without dural CSF leak, in comparison with control groups.

Methods: Three CTM groups were identified: 1) SIH study group, which included dural CSF leak-negative standard CTMs performed for SIH, with early and delayed imaging; 2) Early control CTMs, which were performed for indications other than SIH, with imaging shortly after intrathecal contrast administration; 3) Delayed control CTMs, which included delayed imaging.

Penetrating Osseous Spicules Causing High-Flow Ventral CSF Leaks in the Setting of Relatively Low BMI : A Preliminary Study.

Objective/background: We have anecdotally observed patients with high-flow ventral cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks resulting from penetrating osseous spicules or calcified discs to be relatively thin. The purpose of this study was to explore the validity of this observation and determine if a potential association exists between low body mass index (BMI) and high-flow spinal ventral CSF leaks resulting from such dura-penetrating lesions.

Methods: Sixteen consecutive patients with precisely localized high-flow ventral spinal CSF leaks on dynamic myelography were identified.

Job mobility and health in the Danish workforce.

Aims: The globalized economy has stimulated mobility in the labour market in many countries and Denmark has one of the highest rates of mobility between workplaces among the OECD countries. This raises the question of the potential health effects of mobility and the effect of disease on mobility.

Methods: This study was register-based with a longitudinal design using data on the entire Danish population in 1992-2006.

Effect of Systemic Therapies on Outcomes following Vertebroplasty among Patients with Multiple Myeloma.

Background And Purpose: The role of vertebroplasty in patients with myeloma remains relatively undefined. Accordingly, we sought to better define the efficacy of vertebroplasty for myeloma-associated fractures and determine the effect of procedure timing relative to the initiation of systemic therapy on outcomes and complication rates.

Materials And Methods: Clinical, laboratory, and medication data were retrieved for 172 patients with multiple myeloma treated with vertebroplasty since October 2000.

Uncommon Manifestations of Intervertebral Disk Pathologic Conditions.

Beyond the familiar disk herniations with typical clinical features, intervertebral disk pathologic conditions can have a wide spectrum of imaging and clinical manifestations. The goal of this review is to illustrate and discuss unusual manifestations of intervertebral disk pathologic conditions that radiologists may encounter, including disk herniations in unusual locations, those with atypical imaging features, and those with uncommon pathophysiologic findings. Examples of atypical disk herniations presented include dorsal epidural, intradural, symptomatic thoracic (including giant calcified), extreme lateral (retroperitoneal), fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose-avid, acute intravertebral (Schmorl node), and massive lumbar disk herniations.

Neurovascular Manifestations of Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Consecutive Series of 376 Patients during 15 Years.

Background And Purpose: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is associated with a wide range of neurovascular abnormalities. The aim of this study was to characterize the spectrum of cerebrovascular lesions, including brain arteriovenous malformations, in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and to study associations between brain arteriovenous malformations and demographic variables, genetic mutations, and the presence of AVMs in other organs.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients with definite hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia who underwent brain MR imaging/MRA, CTA, or DSA at our institution from 2001 to 2015 were included.

Natural history of brain capillary vascular malformations in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia patients.

Background And Purpose: Brain capillary vascular malformations (CVMs) are known to occur with relatively high frequency in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) patients. These lesions are thought to have a benign natural history but this has not been systematically studied. The purpose of our study was to examine the natural history of CVMs in a consecutive series of HHT patients.

Fluoroscopically guided transforaminal epidural steroid injections at a quaternary-care teaching institution: effect of trainee involvement and patient body mass index on fluoroscopy time and patient dose.

Aim: To investigate whether there are differences in fluoroscopy time and patient dose for fluoroscopically guided lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injections (TFESIs) performed by staff radiologists versus with trainees and to evaluate the effect of patient body mass index (BMI) on fluoroscopy time and patient dose, including their interactions with other variables.

Materials And Methods: Single-level lumbar TFESIs (n=1844) between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2013 were reviewed. Fluoroscopy time, reference point air kerma (Ka,r), and kerma area product (KAP) were recorded.