Dejerine-Roussy syndrome: Historical cases.

On June 7, 1906, Jules Dejerine (1849-1917) and Gustave Roussy (1874-1948) presented to the Société de Neurologie de Paris the first description of the thalamic syndrome with serial-section microscopic images. They also provided the first account of central poststroke pain (CPSP). They suggested that pain is one of the primary symptoms of the syndrome, although one of their own patients ("Hud") did not have pain.

Tonic spinal cord stimulation as therapeutic option in Parkinson disease with axial symptoms: Effects on walking and quality of life.

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an effective surgical therapy used for the treatment of chronic neuropathic pain. Tonic SCS is safe and improve not only gait disorders, motor symptoms, but also quality of life in Parkinson patients even with dopa-resistant symptoms with or without associated deep brain stimulation.

Occurrence of adverse events in long-term intrathecal baclofen infusion: a 1-year follow-up study of 158 adults.

Objective: To assess the frequency and types of adverse events (AEs) related to intrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy in adults, and associated risk factors.

Design: A prospective, observational cohort study of adults followed up from January 1 to December 31, 2010.

Setting: A neurologic rehabilitation department in a university hospital.

Trigeminal neuralgia.

Two different clinical entities, essential or secondary neuralgia, are associated with different pathologies. The pathways of CN V comprise the cervical spine, the brainstem, the root of the nerve and the three peripheral branches: V1, V2 and V3. The lesions responsible for neuralgia are neoplastic, vascular, inflammatory, malformative or post-traumatic.

Intrathecal baclofen pump: a foreign-body reaction case report and its solution.

Case Report: A 43-year-old woman with cerebral palsy and disabling spasticity underwent a series of 4 implantations of intrathecal baclofen pumps, performed by two teams. A history of 3 aseptic local skin reactions over the site of insertion started 4 months after the first insertion, once with partial pump exposure. There were no clinical or biological signs of infection.

Acid phosphatase activity during the interaction of the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans with the nematode Panagrellus sp.

The use of Duddingtonia flagrans, a nematode-trapping fungus, has been investigated as a biological control method against free living larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes of livestock animals. This fungus captures and infects the nematode by cuticle penetration, immobilization and digestion of the internal contents. It has been suggested that this sequence of events occurs by a combination of physical and enzymatical activities.

[Coccidioidomycosis revealed by specific cutaneous lesions occurring after placement of a ventricular cardiac shunt for chronic meningitis].

Introduction: Coccidioidomycosis is a deep mycosis rare in France.

Case: We report the case of a patient with disseminated coccidioidomycosis and meningitis after travel to California. It initially suggested tuberculosis.

High frequency of a 30-bp deletion of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 gene in primary HIV non-Hodgkin's brain lymphomas.

A characteristic 30-base pair (bp) deletion (del) in the 3' end of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) gene, coding for the C-terminal NF-kappa B activation domain, has been identified in various lymphoproliferative disorders and nasopharyngeal carcinomas. In the single report to date of human immunodeficiency virus primary brain lymphomas (HIV-PBLs), del-LMP1 was noted in seven cases out of nine. The present study was designed to identify this deletion in a series of 31 diffuse large B-cell HIV-PBLs, with the aim of determining its possible oncogenic action.

Intramedullary abscess resulting from disseminated cryptococcosis despite immune restoration in a patient with AIDS.

We report on a case of cryptococcal intramedullary abscess, which occurred three years after a disseminated cryptococcosis and two years after a lymph node cryptococcal recurrence in a HIV-infected patient who exhibited a long-standing immune restoration. At the time of diagnosis, CD4(+) lymphocyte-count was 640x10(6)/l and HIV viral load was undetectable. Spinal involvement is rare during cryptococcosis of the central nervous system.

Hepatitis C virus infection risk factors in patients admitted in hospital emergency departments in Picardy. Value of oriented screening based on recommendations of the 'Direction Générale de la Santé'.

Objective And Design: Oriented hepatitis C virus (HCV) screening on the basis of transfusion, previous or current parenteral drug addiction, invasive procedures, and in family members of patients with hepatitis C, was recommended in France by the 'Direction Générale de la Santé' (DGS). The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of these risk factors in patients admitted in hospital emergency departments in Picardy.

Methods: Between 1 June and 31 July 1996, physicians of the emergency units of seven hospitals in Picardy were asked to question admitted patients about risk factors mentioned in the DGS recommendations, and to suggest a screening test when at least one of these risk factors was present.

Side effects of chronic intrathecal baclofen on erection and ejaculation in patients with spinal cord lesions.

Objective: Assess modifications of sexual function in men treated with intrathecal baclofen for spinal spasticity.

Design: Prospective before-after trial.

Setting: A rehabilitation department of a university hospital; follow-up was on an outpatient basis.

AIDS-associated cytomegalovirus infection mimicking central nervous system tumors: a diagnostic challenge.

We reviewed cases of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the central nervous system (CNS) that initially masqueraded as tumors in 37 of 543 consecutive patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and CMV who were seen at the Pasteur Institute Hospital and Saint-Louis Hospital (Paris) between 1992 and 1994. We detail the clinical features of three patients who presented with ring-enhanced space-occupying lesions mimicking CNS tumors. They were all profoundly immunodepressed (mean CD4 cell count, 13/mm3).

Intrathecal baclofen administration for control of severe spinal spasticity: functional improvement and long-term follow-up.

Objectives: To assess long-term efficacy and functional benefits of intrathecal baclofen for severe spinal spasticity.

Design: A prospective before-after trial.

Setting: A neurological rehabilitation department of a university hospital.

[The epidemiology of cerebral lymphoma in AIDS].

Cerebral lymphomas are one of the complications of AIDS. Their increasing frequency, especially in the last decade, has to be correlated with the incidence of systemic lymphomas and especially central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas in non immuno-compromised patients. CNS involvement is found in 40% of systemic lymphomas.

AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy revealed by new-onset seizures.

Purpose: To describe the clinical features of new-onset seizures in HIV-1-infected persons with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), and to discuss potential mechanisms.

Patients And Methods: Forty-nine consecutive HIV-1-infected patients with PML attended our institutions between January 1988 and September 1993. We retrospectively analyzed cases with seizures as the presenting symptom of PML.

Cerebral glial tumors and human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection. More than a coincidental association.

Background: The authors describe the clinical and morphologic patterns in four patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who developed intracranial glial tumors.

Methods: This retrospective study reports 70 patients at various stages of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection who underwent stereotactic brain biopsy for an intracerebral space-occupying lesion.

Results: Of these patients, four had glial tumors: one astroblastoma, two astrocytomas, and one glioblastoma.

Primary central nervous system malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas from HIV-infected and non-infected patients: expression of cellular surface proteins and Epstein-Barr viral markers.

The increased incidence of primary central nervous system malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (PCNSL) in HIV- and non-HIV-infected patients and the demonstration of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in these tumours may indicate relationships between PCNSL and EBV. Consequently expression of EBV-induced antigens and cellular markers were studied in 11 HIV-infected and seven non-infected patients by in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunocytochemistry in monoclonal B cell PCNSL. In HIV-infected patients EBV genome was present in 9/11 cases, LMP in 11/11 cases and EBNA2 in 10/11 cases.

Effect of intrathecal baclofen on the monosynaptic reflex in humans: evidence for a postsynaptic action.

Intrathecal baclofen is a very powerful antispastic agent. Its mechanism of action on the monosynaptic H-reflex in spinal patients was investigated. It could inhibit rapidly and profoundly monosynaptic reflexes in lower limbs, but did not modify Ia vibratory inhibition of the soleus H-reflex.

[Cerebral glioblastoma: a new complication of HIV-1 infection].

A new case of supratentorial malignant glioma is reported in an HIV-1 infected male homosexual. Tumours of the nervous system account for only 5 to 10 percent of neurological complications of AIDS, and most of them are lymphomas or metastases from Kaposi's sarcomas. In fact, HIV-1 is a neurotropic lentivirus, not transforming by definition.