Context: Caffeine, often in the form of coffee, is frequently used as a supplement by athletes in an attempt to facilitate improved performance during exercise.
Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of coffee ingestion as an ergogenic aid prior to a 1-mile (1609 m) race.
Methods: In a double-blind, randomized, cross-over, and placebo-controlled design, 13 trained male runners completed a 1-mile race 60 minutes following the ingestion of 0.
Background: The N170 is a "face-sensitive" event-related potential (ERP) that occurs at around 170ms over occipito-temporal brain regions. The N170's potential to provide insight into the neural processing of faces in certain populations (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground. Previous work has demonstrated that a commercial gaming electroencephalography (EEG) system, Emotiv EPOC, can be adjusted to provide valid auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) in adults that are comparable to ERPs recorded by a research-grade EEG system, Neuroscan. The aim of the current study was to determine if the same was true for children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of the study was to evaluate pulmonary nodules (PNs) by incorporating time sensitivity (S) factor in the retention index (RI) and compare with the traditional fixed interval method. After obtaining approval from the Human Investigations Committee, 97 PNs from 81 patients (age=70±11) referred for dual-time fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET (16.1±1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground. Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) have proved useful in investigating the role of auditory processing in cognitive disorders such as developmental dyslexia, specific language impairment (SLI), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, and autism. However, laboratory recordings of auditory ERPs can be lengthy, uncomfortable, or threatening for some participants - particularly children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Commercial electrophysiology systems for recording evoked potentials always connect patients to the acquisition unit via long wires. Wires guarantee timely transfer of signals for synchronization with the stimuli, but they are susceptible to electromagnetic and electrostatic interferences. Though wireless solutions are readily available (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The visual evoked potential (VEP) is a frequently used noninvasive measurement of visual function. However, high-amplitude variability has limited its potential for evaluating axonal damage in both laboratory and clinical research. This study was conducted to improve the reliability of VEP amplitude measurement in rats by using electroencephalogram (EEG)-based signal correction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis paper describes a method to reliably estimate latency of multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) and a classifier to automatically separate reliable mfVEP traces from noisy traces. We also investigated which mfVEP peaks have reproducible latency across recording sessions. The proposed method performs cross-correlation between mfVEP traces and second order Gaussian wavelet kernels and measures the timing of the resulting peaks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aims of this study were to evaluate and improve the reproducibility of visual evoked potential (VEP) measurement in rats and to develop a mini-Ganzfeld stimulator for rat VEP recording. VEPs of Sprague-Dawley rats were recorded on one randomly selected eye on three separate days within a week, and the recordings were repeated three times on the first day to evaluate the intrasession repeatability and intersession reproducibility. The VEPs were recorded with subdermal needle and implanted skull screw electrodes, respectively, to evaluate the effect of electrode configuration on VEP reproducibility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To investigate the relationship between size of demyelinated lesion, extent of axonal loss, and degree of latency delay of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in a rat model of experimental demyelination.
Methods: Lysolecithin 1% (0.4 or 0.
The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the likelihood of extrahepatic metastases based on tumor metabolic load index (TMLI) for patients with colorectal liver metastases to determine the potential intermediate endpoint of yttrium-90 (Y-90) microsphere liver-directed therapy. Forty-eight (48) patients with colorectal metastatic cancer of the liver who were referred for Y-90 microsphere therapy and F-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (PET) imaging were included. All patients had baseline computed tomography, hepatic angiography, and planning intra-arterial technetium-99m macro-aggregated albumin scans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Imaging Biol
October 2010
Purpose: The intention here is to enhance the usefulness of the Gjedde-Patlak plot of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) tracer uptake. Two additional parameters closely related to the physiologically significant and diagnostically useful phosphorylation rate k (3) are therefore studied. Additionally, their inter-institutional transportability is examined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfertile women undergoing ovulation induction (OI) with clomiphene citrate (CC) who have adequate follicular recruitment and an endometrial thickness of <7 mm as determined by transvaginal sonography in the late follicular phase were switched to tamoxifen for OI in a subsequent cycle. A comparison between the endometrial thickness on CC and tamoxifen was made with by paired analysis. For women undergoing OI with CC who have adequate follicular recruitment and thin endometrium (<7 mm), switching to tamoxifen in subsequent cycles improves endometrial thickness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The aim of this study was to define and investigate the time sensitivity of tumors by variable dual-time fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET).
Methods: Variable dual-time (t) protocol (P) FDG PET-computed tomography (CT) scans from 40 patients with pathologically proven head and neck tumors without brain metastasis were analyzed. The first protocol (P.
Introduction: A region's early and late tracer uptake activities, QE and QL, within a dual-time scan (i.e. using two frames) or in serial scans (as for monitoring therapeutic response), are popular quantitative diagnostic aids, especially in oncology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Known errors in the standardized uptake value (SUV) caused by variations in subject weights W encountered can be corrected by lean body mass or body surface area (bsa) algorithms replacing W in calculations. However this is infrequently done. The aims of the work here are: quantify sensitivity to W, encourage SUV correction with an approach minimally differing from tradition, and show what improvements in the SUV coefficient of variation (cv) for a population can be expected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To investigate the existence of quantum metabolic values in various subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).
Methods: Fifty-eight patients with newly diagnosed NHL and positron emission tomography (PET) performed within three months of biopsy were included. The standardized uptake value (SUV) from PET over the area of biopsy and serum glucose [Glc] were recorded.
Purpose: The aim of this prospective study was to assess the safety and tumor response of intra-arterial Y-90 microspheres for the treatment of surgically unresectable and chemotherapy-refractory liver metastases.
Materials And Methods: Forty-six (46) patients with metastatic cancer to the liver from various solid tumors, with tumor progression despite polychemotherapy, were included. All patients had baseline computed tomography (CT), 18-Fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (F-18 FDG-PET), hepatic angiography, and intra-arterial Tc-99m macroaggregated albumin (MAA) scan for the assessment of extrahepatic aberrant perfusion and lung shunting fraction.
Background: The definite evaluation of the regional cerebral heterogeneity using perfusion and metabolism by a single modality of PET imaging has not been well addressed. Thus a statistical analysis of voxel variables from identical brain regions on metabolic and perfusion PET images was carried out to determine characteristics of the regional heterogeneity of F-18 FDG and O-15 H2O cerebral uptake in normal subjects.
Methods: Fourteen normal subjects with normal CT and/or MRI and physical examination including MMSE were scanned by both F-18 FDG and O-15 H2O PET within same day with head-holder and facemask.