Evaluating feedback frequency preference and its relation to task performance.

Many researchers have evaluated how characteristics of feedback may influence trainee performance, but relatively little attention has been allocated to directly assessing trainee preference for feedback characteristics and its relation to performance. Thus, the primary purpose of this study was to use a within-subject experimental design to directly assess trainee preference for the frequency of feedback and its relation to task performance. A secondary objective was to evaluate how trainee preferences varied across specific task components based on component complexity.

Stay Positive: Self-Talk in Relation to Motivational Climate, Goal Orientation, and Self-Talk Encouragement in Tennis.

: Motivation among young athletes can be reflected in their self-talk, a behavior that is often encouraged by coaches. Most research on self-talk in sport involves self-report, thus observational studies of the actual self-talk used in sport in relation to athlete motivation and coach support are needed. : We observed young elite tennis athletes (N = 28) talking to themselves on the court and obtained self-reported measures of self-talk use, goal-orientation for sport, perception of coach motivational climate, and coach encouragement of self-talk.

Conceptualizing multilevel research designs of resilience.

Resilience is a broad concept allowing us to understand health and well-being as a multidimensional process that continually grapples with a multitude of stressors. Currently, there are efforts across disciplines and scales to develop this concept of resilience. Unfortunately, individual and community resilience efforts tend to only abstractly conceptualize macroscale dynamics while social-ecological efforts tend to treat individuals and communities as nonindependent components of these macroscale dynamics.

A generalized within-host model of dengue infection with a non-constant monocyte production rate.

In this paper, we generalize a previous model of within-host dengue infection with a nonconstant monocyte production rate. We establish the existence of three equilibria and give some local stability results. We then estimate three parameters in the model from clinical data for dengue virus serotype 2.

Challenges in the Pap diagnosis of endocervical adenocarcinoma in situ.

Introduction: Recognition of adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) in cervical cytology is challenging.

Materials And Methods: We calculated the sensitivity and accuracy of Papanicolaou (Pap) tests obtained within 1 year of a histologic diagnosis of AIS from 2007 to 2016. We also correlated it with the coexistence of squamous lesions, calculated the interobserver agreement, and compared these measures with those of endocervical adenocarcinoma (ECCA).

Mismatch Repair Protein Expression in Endometrioid Intraepithelial Neoplasia/Atypical Hyperplasia: Should We Screen for Lynch Syndrome in Precancerous Lesions?

Screening for Lynch syndrome (LS) is routinely performed in patients with endometrial carcinoma. Currently, no screening recommendations exist for LS in precancerous lesions. The study goal was to determine the incidence of abnormal protein expression in endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia/atypical hyperplasia (EIN/AH).

The diagnostic utility of Merkel cell polyomavirus immunohistochemistry in a fine needle aspirate of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma of unknown primary to the pancreas.

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin tumor with a high tendency for metastases. We report a case of MCC initially presenting as axillary and pancreatic metastases. A 33-year-old HIV-positive Hispanic male presented with a history of a rapidly growing axillary mass.

NQO1-Mediated Tumor-Selective Lethality and Radiosensitization for Head and Neck Cancer.

Unlabelled: Ionizing radiation (IR) is a key therapeutic regimen for many head and neck cancers (HNC). However, the 5-year overall survival rate for locally advanced HNCs is approximately 50% and better therapeutic efficacy is needed.

Nad(p)h: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is overexpressed in many cancers, and β-lapachone (β-lap), a unique NQO1 bioactivatable drug, exploits this enzyme to release massive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that synergize with IR to kill by programmed necrosis.

A Transistor-like pH Nanoprobe for Tumour Detection and Image-guided Surgery.

Because of profound genetic and histological differences in cancerous tissue, it is challenging to detect a broad range of malignant tumours at high resolution. Here, we report the design and performance of a fluorescent nanoprobe with transistor-like responses (transition pH = 6.9) for the detection of the deregulated pH that drives many of the invasive properties of cancer.

In vivo optical imaging of folate receptor-β in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives/hypothesis: Folate receptor (FR) expression, although known to be elevated in many types of cancer and inflammatory cells, has not been well characterized in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We hypothesized that tumor infiltrating inflammatory cells expressing FR-β could allow fluorescent visualization of HNSCC tumors using folate conjugated dyes even when FR expression in cancer cells is low.

Study Design: Retrospective review of clinical pathologic specimens and in vivo animal study.

A second-order high resolution finite difference scheme for a structured erythropoiesis model subject to malaria infection.

We develop a second-order high-resolution finite difference scheme to approximate the solution of a mathematical model describing the within-host dynamics of malaria infection. The model consists of two nonlinear partial differential equations coupled with three nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Convergence of the numerical method to the unique weak solution with bounded total variation is proved.

Cervical thoracic duct cyst: Importance of preoperative suspicion for appropriate management of left-sided neck mass.

Cervical thoracic duct cysts occur infrequently but are an important consideration when evaluating cystic supraclavicular masses. Only 22 cases have been reported to date. We review the clinical presentation, evaluation, and treatment of 2 cases of large thoracic duct cysts treated with surgical resection.

The value of duplicate slides on atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade intraepithelial lesion.

Atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H) category was added to the 2001 Bethesda System. ASC-H accounts for a small percentage (0.2-0.

Teenage cervical screening in a high risk American population.

Background: The new 2009 ACOG guideline for cervical cytology screening changed the starting age to 21 years regardless of the age of onset of sexual intercourse. However, many recent studies have shown a dramatic increase in the incidence of cervical epithelial abnormalities among adolescents within the past two decades.

Materials And Methods: For this study, the reports of 156,342 cervical cytology were available of which 12,226 (7.

Optimal treatment strategies for malaria infection.

We develop a numerical method for estimating optimal parameters in a mathematical model of the within-host dynamics of malaria infection. The model consists of a quasilinear system of partial differential equations. Convergence theory for the computed parameters is provided.

Skull base osteomyelitis and bisphosphonate use in multiple myeloma: report of two cases and literature review.

Objectives: Although osteoradionecrosis of the mandible is a well known entity, skull base osteomyelitis involving the temporal bone unrelated to otitis externa in patients with multiple myeloma using bisphosphonates has not been reported. We described a new entity of skull base erosion resulting from osteonecrosis, presenting with malignant features in patients using bisphosphonates for multiple myeloma.

Methods: Two patients with multiple myeloma and prior zolendronic acid use were referred to our cancer center for management of maxillary and temporal bone masses with skull base erosion.

Ecosystem Modeling of College Drinking: Parameter Estimation and Comparing Models to Data.

Recently we developed a model composed of five impulsive differential equations that describes the changes in drinking patterns (that persist at epidemic level) amongst college students. Many of the model parameters cannot be measured directly from data; thus, an inverse problem approach, which chooses the set of parameters that results in the "best" model to data fit, is crucial for using this model as a predictive tool. The purpose of this paper is to present the procedure and results of an unconventional approach to parameter estimation that we developed after more common approaches were unsuccessful for our specific problem.

Modeling erythropoiesis subject to malaria infection.

A mathematical model of erythropoiesis subject to malaria infection is developed by combining ideas from previous models that addressed only one of the two phenomena. The nature of the model allows one to account for suppression of erythropoiesis by the toxin hemozoin, which is a by-product of digested hemoglobin. Following the derivation of the model, numerical simulations are performed and show that the number of parasites produced per bursting erythrocyte has the most significant effect of erythropoiesis.

A systems approach to college drinking: development of a deterministic model for testing alcohol control policies.

Objective: The misuse and abuse of alcohol among college students remain persistent problems. Using a systems approach to understand the dynamics of student drinking behavior and thus forecasting the impact of campus policy to address the problem represents a novel approach. Toward this end, the successful development of a predictive mathematical model of college drinking would represent a significant advance for prevention efforts.

Parameter estimation in a structured erythropoiesis model.

We develop a numerical method for estimating parameters in a structured erythropoiesis model consisting of a nonlinear system of partial differential equations. Convergence theory for the computed parameters is provided. Numerical results for estimating the growth rate of precursor cells as a function of the erythropoietin concentration and the decay rate of erythropoietin as a function of the total number of precursor cells from computationally generated data are provided.

Thyroid hormone status and pituitary function in adult rats given oral doses of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS).

Introduction: Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) is widely distributed and persistent in humans and wildlife. Prior toxicological studies have reported decreased total and free thyroid hormones in serum without a major compensatory rise in thyrotropin (TSH) or altered thyroid gland histology. Although these animals (rats, mice and monkeys) might have maintained an euthyroid state, the basis for hypothyroxinemia remained unclear.

A monotone approximation for a size-structured population model with a generalized environment.

We study a nonlinear size-structured population model with an environment general enough to include hierarchy. We also remove the standard requirement that individuals have nonnegative growth rates, which allows the modeling of populations in which individuals may experience a reduction in size. To show existence and uniqueness of the solution to the model, we establish a comparison principle and construct monotone sequences.

Gene expression profiling in the lung and liver of PFOA-exposed mouse fetuses.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a stable perfluoroalkyl acid used to synthesize fluoropolymers during the manufacture of a wide variety of products. Concerns have been raised over the potential health effects of PFOA because it is persistent in the environment and can be detected in blood and other tissues of many animal species, including humans. PFOA has also been shown to induce growth deficits and mortality in murine neonates.

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma of the tonsil: a case report and literature review.

We describe a case of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) of the tonsil in a 59-year-old woman. She was successfully treated with excision of the mass and postoperative radiation therapy. According to our review of the literature, only 25 cases of extranodal FDCS in the head and neck have been previously reported, including only 10 cases that involved a tonsil.