Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of a Brazilian version of an instrument to assess impairments related to oral functioning of people with Down syndrome.

Background: An instrument was developed in Canada to assess impairments related to oral functioning of individuals with four years of age or older with Down syndrome (DS). The present study attempted to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the instrument for the Brazilian Portuguese language and to test its reliability and validity.

Findings: After translation and cross-cultural adaptation, the instrument was tested on caregivers of people with DS.

Seven-year follow-up of esthetic alternative for the restoration of peg-shaped incisors: a case study of identical twins.

Alterations in tooth shape and size are related to impaired esthetic appearance and facial harmony and can have a negative effect on a patient's self-esteem. Many alternatives for treating peg-shaped teeth are described in the literature. This article presents two clinical cases involving peg-shaped lateral incisors that were transformed with composite resins, addressing aspects related to treatment alternatives and facial esthetics.