The organic compound niacin or nicotinic acid, also known as vitamin B (VitB), is essential for human nutrition and metabolic regulation. However, in high doses, it can provoke side effects, such as hyperglycemia, liver damage, and flushing. Development of a controlled release system that slowly releases VitB into the organism would avoid high dosing peaks, thus contributing to decrease the occurrence of side effects in nutritional supplementation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we present the development of two catalytic processes: a Pd-PEPPSI-catalyzed aminocarbonylation and a Pd(OAc)-Xantphos-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of d-glycals, utilizing carbonylative cross-coupling reactions. We explored successfully various types of aromatic amines, as well as alkyl amines and amino acids, to synthesize new d-glycal amides. However, we observed limitations in the reactivity of alkyl and heteroaromatic amines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBetaxanthins are natural products with high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we describe the semisynthesis of twenty-one betaxanthins derived from proteinogenic amino acids, including the elusive betaxanthin of l-cysteine and two betaxanthins derived from l-lysine, and rationalize their antioxidant properties in mechanistic terms. The antioxidant capacity and redox potential of these betaxanthins were compared to those of model betaxanthins derived from dopamine, l-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), and pyrrolidine and structure-property relationships were established by using matched molecular pair analysis and a model developed using a genetic algorithm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of oxazolidinones via a Pd-catalyzed vicinal C-N/C-Cl bond-forming reaction from internal alkenes of allylic carbamates is reported. The oxazolidinones are obtained in yields of 44 to 95% with high to excellent diastereoselectivities (from 6 : 1 to >20 : 1 dr) from readily available precursors. This process is scalable, and the products are suitable for the synthesis of useful amino alcohols.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Katsuki-Sharpless epoxidation reaction is one of the most recognized chiral catalytic reactions, allowing for chiral epoxides to be used as starting materials for a series of synthetic pathways. The complete understanding of this reaction mechanism depends on the identification and description of species formed from Ti(IV) alkoxides and alkyl tartrates precatalysts. Despite previous reports on the nature of a bimetallic catalyst based on IR spectroscopy and NMR analysis, some debate remains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle and double protonated (E)-1,4-diamine-2-butenes were evaluated as a model system to probe isomerization during the ESI processes employing infrared multiple-photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy and density function theory (DFT) calculations, including implicit and explicit solvation models. Our results show that the preferential protonation takes place at the amines for singly protonated species and that the double bond is not protonated even under double protonation, as expected from known pK values. This behavior was shown to reflect the (E)-(Z) interconversion rate, as no interconversion was observed nor predicted by implicit solvation model based on density (SMD) calculations even by the olefin protonation pathway.
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