Stilbenes with Potent Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B Inhibitory Activity from the Roots of .

Seven new stilbene glycosides including three dimers (-) and four monomers (-) were isolated from the roots of along with nine previously identified stilbenes (-). In addition, two deglucosylated stilbenes, and , were also obtained as new dimeric stilbenes. The structures of the purified phytochemicals were elucidated by interpreting their spectroscopic data (NMR, HRMS, and ECD).

Functional Analysis of the White Spruce Cellulose Synthase Gene Promoter in Secondary Xylem.

Cellulose is an essential structural component of the plant cell wall. Its biosynthesis involves genes encoding cellulose synthase enzymes and a complex transcriptional regulatory network. Three cellulose synthases have been identified in conifers as being potentially involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis because of their preferential expression in xylem tissues; however, no direct functional association has been made to date.

Early presence of an enolase in the oviposition injecta of the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi analyzed with chitosan beads as artificial hosts.

Maternal factors of female wasps that are injected into hosts with their eggs at oviposition play a major role in strategies used by insect parasitoids to overcome host immunity, and to regulate host physiology during early stages of parasitism. Here, we attempted to precisely determine and compare the protein patterns injected by the endoparasitoid Aphidius ervi into two different host systems. Chitosan beads of aphid size designed as artificial and physiologically inert hosts were used as oviposition medium, to be compared with the natural aphid host as young nymphs of Macrosiphum euphorbiae.

A proteomic analysis of the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae under heat and radiation stress.

Temperature and solar radiation can be important sources of abiotic stress for small herbivorous insects living in close association with plants. We examined the effects of daily fluctuations of heat and UV radiation on the proteome and performance of winged and wingless morphs of the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae. A daily regime of 4h of heat stress at 35 degrees C had more negative effects on the aphid's fitness than a similar period of UV-B stress (11.

Proteomes of the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae in its resistance and susceptibility responses to differently compatible parasitoids.

Host insects are either susceptible or resistant to parasitoids, where resistant hosts express immunity factors and compatible parasitoids express virulence factors that may reveal the manipulation of susceptible hosts. Using proteomics we compared responses of the same host, the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae, challenged by a well-adapted parasitoid Aphidius nigripes or by a less adapted relative, Aphidius ervi. The host was found to be equally acceptable to both parasitoids, but while A.

Proteomic profiling of a parasitic wasp exposed to constant and fluctuating cold exposure.

When insects are exposed to fluctuating thermal regimes (FTRs) (i.e., cold exposure alternating with periodic short pulses to high temperature), in contrast to constant low temperature (CLT), mortality due to accumulation of chill injuries is markedly reduced.

Proteomic profiling of aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae responses to host-plant-mediated stress induced by defoliation and water deficit.

Abiotic and biotic host-plant stress, such as desiccation and herbivory, may strongly affect sap-sucking insects such as aphids via changes in plant chemicals of insect nutritional or plant defensive value. Here, we examined (i) water deprivation and (ii) defoliation by the beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata as stresses indirectly affecting the aphid Macrosiphum euphorbiae via its host plant Solanum tuberosum. For plant-induced stress, aphids were reared on healthy vs.

Pamidronate treatment of steroid associated osteonecrosis in young patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia--two-year outcomes.

Aims: To assess outcomes of young patients with osteonecrosis (ON) treated with pamidronate in terms of relief of pain, prevention of progress and bony collapse of involved area.

Patients And Methods: A non-randomised interventional study in six patients with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) for which treatment protocols included long-term, high dose use of glucocorticoids. Subsequent development of ON was treated with a bisphosphonate (pamidronate) for 2 years.

Primary ovarian failure and deletions of the long arm of chromosome 3.

A 14 year-old girl was found to have a deletion of the distal segment of chromosome 3 [46,XX,Del(3)(q28-29)]. The main features of this presentation were mild intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, short stature, kypho-scoliosis, and primary ovarian failure, an association that has not been described before in association with chromosome 3 deletion. The phenotype and presentation are compared with those of previous case reports.