Evaluation of therapy support through a standardized nursing consultation for patients undergoing oral tumor therapy in gynecological oncology within the prospective CAMPA initiative.

Purpose: The increase of oral tumor therapies (OTT) poses new challenges in patient care. Within CAMPA (Care improvement for advanced or metastatic breast and ovarian cancer patients treated with PARP-inhibitors), additional nursing support for patients treated with PARP-inhibitors was developed.

Methods: Additional nursing support (1 year) was evaluated in breast and gynecooncological cancer patients at an academic and a non-academic outreach center.

Nutrition Care in Cancer: An Overlooked Part of Patient-Centered Care.

Objectives: Robust evidence highlights the crucial role of nutrition for people with cancer, and international organizations recognize it as a basic human right linked to health and food. Within this context, we aim to emphasize the critical role of nutrition care for cancer patients and to highlight the essential contributions of nurses in providing patient-centered nutrition care.

Methods: This opinion paper synthesizes evidence and perspectives from peer-reviewed articles and position papers.

Practical recommendations for therapy and monitoring of mogamulizumab patients in Germany.

Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are the most common subtypes of the heterogeneous group of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL). With the expansion of the biologic treatment landscape, new treatment options have become available in recent years, most notably the C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4)-directed monoclonal antibody mogamulizumab. Based on the phase III pivotal trial, mogamulizumab is recommended by the German S2k guidelines for the second-line treatment of stage IB and above SS and MF, after at least one prior systemic therapy.

[(Surviving) life with cancer: the importance of sport and physical activity].

As the survival prognosis of cancer patients continues to improve, the improvement in quality of life during and after cancer treatment is becoming increasingly important 1. Exercise therapy has a positive effect on so-called "patient-reported outcomes" 2. The combination of endurance training and individualized strength training plays a particularly important role here.

Bone marrow versus peripheral blood allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for haematological malignancies in adults.

Background: Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an established treatment option for many malignant and non-malignant haematological disorders. Peripheral blood stem cells represent the main stem cell source in malignant diseases due to faster engraftment and practicability issues compared with bone marrow stem cells. Since the early 2000s, there have been many developments in the clinical field.

[Recurrent hemolysis and iron overload of unclear origin].

The case of a 33-year-old male with recurrent icterus and hemolysis since childhood that was long mistaken for Gilbert disease is presented. Subsequently, the patient also developed splenomegaly and gallstones together with iron overload. Genetic testing revealed the diagnosis of hereditary xerocytosis, which is an erythrocyte membrane disorder causing recurrent hemolysis.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of nonrelapse mortality after CAR T cell therapy.

Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy represents a transformative immunotherapy, it is also associated with distinct toxicities that contribute to morbidity and mortality. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL (Cochrane) for reports of nonrelapse mortality (NRM) after CAR T cell therapy in lymphoma and multiple myeloma up to March 2024. After extraction of causes and numbers of death, we analyzed NRM point estimates using random-effect models.

Beyond CAR T cells: exploring alternative cell sources for CAR-like cellular therapies.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has led to remarkable clinical outcomes in the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, challenges remain, such as limited infiltration into solid tumors, inadequate persistence, systemic toxicities, and manufacturing insufficiencies. The use of alternative cell sources for CAR-based therapies, such as natural killer cells (NK), macrophages (MΦ), invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) cells, γδT cells, neutrophils, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), has emerged as a promising avenue.

Post-transplant-cyclophosphamide and short-term Everolimus as graft-versus-host-prophylaxis in patients with relapsed/refractory lymphoma and myeloma-Final results of the phase II OCTET-EVER trial.

Background: Conditioning regimens and the choice of immunosuppression have substantial impact on immune reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). The pivotal mechanism to maintain remission is the induction of the graft-versus-tumor effect. Relapse as well as graft versus host disease remain common.

Exercise Therapy in Oncology—the Impact on Quality of Life and Side Effects.

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of cancer are highly stressful. Exercise therapy is often used to mitigate the adverse effects of treatment. But how good is the evidence base, and what has changed in recent years? In this narrative review, we present the current data and what it implies for the care of adults with cancer.

Mitochondrial dysfunction promotes the transition of precursor to terminally exhausted T cells through HIF-1α-mediated glycolytic reprogramming.

T cell exhaustion is a hallmark of cancer and persistent infections, marked by inhibitory receptor upregulation, diminished cytokine secretion, and impaired cytolytic activity. Terminally exhausted T cells are steadily replenished by a precursor population (Tpex), but the metabolic principles governing Tpex maintenance and the regulatory circuits that control their exhaustion remain incompletely understood. Using a combination of gene-deficient mice, single-cell transcriptomics, and metabolomic analyses, we show that mitochondrial insufficiency is a cell-intrinsic trigger that initiates the functional exhaustion of T cells.

The CAR-HEMATOTOX score as a prognostic model of toxicity and response in patients receiving BCMA-directed CAR-T for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

Background: BCMA-directed CAR T-cell therapy (CAR-T) has altered the treatment landscape of relapsed/refractory (r/r) multiple myeloma, but is hampered by unique side effects that can lengthen hospital stays and increase morbidity. Hematological toxicity (e.g.

Polyclonal anti-thymocyte globulins for the prophylaxis of graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell or bone marrow transplantation in adults.

Background: Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is an established treatment for many malignant and non-malignant haematological disorders. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a condition frequently occurring after an allogeneic SCT, is the result of host tissues being attacked by donor immune cells. It affects more than half of the patients after transplant either as acute and or chronic GVHD.

CD33 BiTE molecule-mediated immune synapse formation and subsequent T-cell activation is determined by the expression profile of activating and inhibitory checkpoint molecules on AML cells.

Bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) molecules recruit T cells to cancer cells through CD3ε binding, independently of T-cell receptor (TCR) specificity. Whereas physiological T-cell activation is dependent on signal 1 (TCR engagement) and signal 2 (co-stimulation), BiTE molecule-mediated T-cell activation occurs without additional co-stimulation. As co-stimulatory and inhibitory molecules modulate the strength and nature of T-cell responses, we studied the impact of the expression profile of those molecules on target cells for BiTE molecule-mediated T-cell activation in the context of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Influence of Adipose Tissue Distribution, Sarcopenia, and Nutritional Status on Clinical Outcomes After CD19 CAR T-cell Therapy.

Although CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CD19.CAR-T) has proven clinical efficacy for multiple refractory B-cell malignancies, over 50% of patients ultimately relapse. Recent evidence has underlined the critical role of the host in determining treatment responses.

Survival and immunotoxicities in association with sex-specific body composition patterns of cancer patients undergoing immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Imbalanced body composition is mechanistically connected to dysregulated immune activities. Whether overweight/obesity or sarcopenia has an impact on treatment results in cancer patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is currently under debate. We aimed to answer if survival rates and occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) were different in obese or sarcopenic patients.

Exercise interventions for adults with cancer receiving radiation therapy alone.

Background: Radiation therapy (RT) is given to about half of all people with cancer. RT alone is used to treat various cancers at different stages. Although it is a local treatment, systemic symptoms may occur.

STING agonism turns human T cells into interferon-producing cells but impedes their functionality.

The cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes) axis is the predominant DNA sensing system in cells of the innate immune system. However, human T cells also express high levels of STING, while its role and physiological trigger remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the cGAS-STING pathway is indeed functional in human primary T cells.

Stereotactic radiosurgery and combined immune checkpoint therapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab in patients with melanoma brain metastases: A retrospective monocentric toxicity analysis.

Purpose And Objective: Adding stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to combined immune checkpoint therapy with ipilimumab and nivolumab (IPI + NIVO) has led to promising results for patients with melanoma brain metastases (MBM). This study retrospectively analyzes the toxicity profile depending on the timing of SRS with regard to IPI + NIVO.

Materials And Methods: For this study, the clinical database was searched for all patients with MBM who were treated with SRS and IPI + NIVO.

[Physical activity and exercise therapy in oncology].

Optimized and individualized treatment options in oncology significantly improve the prognosis of patients. Accordingly, the management of side effects and the avoidance of long-term consequences is becoming increasingly more important. Numerous studies have shown a positive impact of physical activity and targeted exercise therapy on certain patient-related outcomes.

Risk Stratification Based on a Pattern of Immunometabolic Host Factors Is Superior to Body Mass Index-Based Prediction of COVID-19-Associated Respiratory Failure.

Overweight and obesity are associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and represent risk factors for various diseases, including COVID-19. However, most published studies on COVID-19 defined obesity by the body mass index (BMI), which does not encounter adipose tissue distribution, thus neglecting immunometabolic high-risk patterns. Therefore, we comprehensively analyzed baseline anthropometry (BMI, waist-to-height-ratio (WtHR), visceral (VAT), epicardial (EAT), subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue masses and liver fat, inflammation markers (CRP, ferritin, interleukin-6), and immunonutritional scores (CRP-to-albumin ratio (CAR), modified Glasgow prognostic score, neutrophile-to-lymphocyte ratio, prognostic nutritional index)) in 58 consecutive COVID-19 patients of the early pandemic phase with regard to the necessity of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).