The role of clinical breast examination and fine needle aspiration cytology in early detection of breast cancer: A cross-sectional study nested in a cohort in a low-resource setting.

Background: Breast cancer is prevalent worldwide, with disparities in screening, diagnosis, treatment outcomes, and survival. In Africa, the majority of women are diagnosed at advanced stages, affecting treatment outcomes. Screening is one of the best strategies to reduce mortality rates caused by this cancer.

Assessment of the Surgical Oncology Case Volume Within the Public Sector in Tanzania.

Purpose: Surgery provides vital services to diagnose, treat, and palliate patients suffering from malignancies. However, despite its importance, there is little information on the delivery of surgical oncology services in Tanzania.

Methods: Operative logbooks were reviewed at all national referral hospitals that offer surgery, all zonal referral hospitals in Mainland Tanganyika and Zanzibar, and a convenience sampling of regional referral hospitals in 2022.

A unique presentation of metaplastic breast carcinoma, NOS: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: A rare form of invasive breast carcinoma, NOS, also known as matrix-producing carcinoma made up of epithelial and mesenchymal components. Usually, they are triple negative and clinically aggressive and respond poorly to neoadjuvant systemic therapy.

Abstract: Metaplastic breast carcinomas (MBCs) are ductal carcinomas that undergo metaplasia to form nonglandular growth patterns.

Primary breast squamous cell carcinoma: A case report at a tertiary hospital in Northern Tanzania.

Key Clinical Message: Primary SCC of the breast is a very rare disease.Metastasis from elsewhere should be excluded first.The tumor is a very aggressive with poor prognosis.

NOHA: A Promising Biomarker for Determining Estrogen Receptor Status Among Patients With Breast Cancer in Resource-Constrained Settings.

Purpose: Challenges to breast cancer control in low-and middle-income countries exist because of constrained access to care, including pathology services. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based estrogen receptor (ER) analysis is limited-nonexistent because of few and inadequately staffed and equipped pathology laboratories. We have identified N-hydroxy-L-Arginine (NOHA) as a blood-based biomarker to distinguish ER status in US patients with breast cancer.

Potential Spectrum of Accompanied Penetrating Abdominal Intraperitoneal Injuries with Bowel Evisceration: Surprises Awaiting the Trauma Surgeon in Resource Limited Settings.

Penetrating abdominal injuries involves violation of the peritoneal cavity and injuries to solid organs and other intraperitoneal viscera such as major blood vessels and hollow organs. Typically such injuries arise from gunshot wounds or stab wounds. With increase in crime rates and motor traffic accidents in urban areas, the trauma surgeon in civilian urban centers faces spectrum of injuries similar to his colleague in war torn areas.

Standard Urine Collection Bag as an Improvised Bogotá Bag as a Temporary Abdominal Closure Method in an Open Abdomen in Preventing Abdominal Compartment Syndrome.

Primary abdominal wall closure post laparotomy is not always possible. Certain surgical pathologies such as degloving anterior abdominal wall trauma injuries and peritoneal visceral volume and cavity disproportion render it nearly impossible for the attending surgeon to close the abdomen in the first initial laparotomy. In such surgical clinical scenarios leaving the abdomen open might be lifesaving.