Resourcefulness training for grandmothers raising grandchildren: establishing fidelity.

Over one million American grandmothers raise grandchildren, and many experience stress that adversely affects their mental health. Teaching resourcefulness skills can minimize this stress. However, before testing effectiveness of resourcefulness training (RT), its fidelity must be established.

Grandmothers and caregiving to grandchildren: continuity, change, and outcomes over 24 months.

Purpose: Transitions in caregiving, such as becoming a primary caregiver to grandchildren or having adult children and grandchildren move in or out, may affect the well-being of the grandmother.

Design And Methods: This report describes caregiving patterns at 3 time points over 24 months in a sample of 485 Ohio grandmothers and examines the effects of stability and change in grandmother caregiving roles (raising a grandchild, living in a multigenerational home, or not caregiving to grandchildren). Drawing on the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, the study examined caregiving stress and reward, intrafamily strain, social support, resourcefulness, depressive symptoms, mental and physical health, and perceived family functioning.

Grandmother caregiving, family stress and strain, and depressive symptoms.

This study used the resiliency model of family stress, adjustment, and adaptation as the framework to examine the main and moderating effects of social support and resourcefulness in the relationship between family life stresses and strain and depressive symptoms in grandmothers raising grandchildren, grandmothers in multigenerational homes, and noncaregivers to grandchildren. A sample of 486 Ohio grandmothers, recruited using random and supplemental convenience methods, completed mailed surveys. Analysis of variance was used to examine differences in family life stresses and strain, resourcefulness, support, and depressive symptoms across the three groups of grandmothers.

Delegation: what it means to acute care nurses.

As health care costs rise, nurses are increasingly delegating tasks to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). The purpose of this phenomenologic study was to describe delegation from the perspective of the acute care nurse. We analyzed interviews with staff nurses, and a description of the meaning of delegation was developed using Donabedian's structure, process, outcome model to organize the findings.

Grandmothers' transitions in caregiving to grandchildren.

Many grandmothers experience transitions in their caregiving roles to grandchildren as living arrangements change and parents assume more or less responsibility. The meanings of these transitions have received little attention, yet life transitions can be stressful. This qualitative study focuses on learning how grandmothers perceive these changes in household composition and the meanings these changes have.

Racial differences in perceptions held by caregivers of long-term ventilator patients at end of life.

Aim: The purpose of this pilot study was to describe and compare perceptions of preparation for death and satisfaction with end-of-life care in African American and Caucasian caregivers of long-term ventilator (LTV) patients.

Design: A comparative descriptive design was used to pilot test items from specific domains from the After-Death Bereaved Family Member Interview. Interviews were conducted on 37 bereaved caregivers of LTV patients who participated in a large experimental study.

Explanation for cessation of breastfeeding in mothers of twins.

This study used content analysis to examine reasons for cessation of breastfeeding of twins by 2 time points: 9.4 weeks and 28.3 weeks of age.

Grandmothers' diaries: a glimpse at daily lives.

Little information exists about the daily lives of women who are grandmothers, and the differences in daily stresses based on caregiving status to grandchildren. This content analysis examines the stresses of 64 grandmothers as grouped by caregiver status (grandmothers raising grandchildren, grandmothers living in multigeneration homes, non-caregivers to grandchildren) as recorded in three-week diaries. The nature of salient issues and stressful interactions differed by caregiver groups.

Leadership and nurse retention: the pivotal role of nurse managers.

As the link between executives and bedside nurses, nurse managers assume roles that bridge both organizational and professional goals. Nurse retention is one of the many responsibilities that characterize the nurse manager's work. To better understand the pivotal role of nurse managers, the authors describe the views of 32 nurse managers regarding their roles and the characteristics they need to promote retention.

The relationship between HIV-related knowledge and safe sexual behavior in African American women dwelling in the rural southeast.

There is an epidemiological shift toward increased rates of HIV infection in African American women, despite widely available information regarding HIV prevention. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between HIV-related knowledge and high-risk sexual behavior while controlling for related variables. A multivariate regression model was selected to differentiate the effects of these variables.