Pronucleotide Probes Reveal a Diverging Specificity for AMPylation vs UMPylation of Human and Bacterial Nucleotide Transferases.

AMPylation is a post-translational modification utilized by human and bacterial cells to modulate the activity and function of specific proteins. Major AMPylators such as human FICD and bacterial VopS have been studied extensively for their substrate and target scope . Recently, an AMP pronucleotide probe also facilitated the analysis of AMPylation in living cells.

MS-Based Proteomics Reveals AMPylation of Host Proteins during Bacterial Infection.

Bacteria utilize versatile strategies to propagate infections within human cells, , by the injection of effector proteins, which alter crucial signaling pathways. One class of such virulence-associated proteins is involved in the AMPylation of eukaryotic Rho GTPases with devastating effects on viability. In order to get an inventory of AMPylated proteins, several technologies have been developed.