Association Between Adipose Tissue Proton Density Fat Fraction, Resting Metabolic Rate and FTO Genotype in Humans.

Background: The difference of proton density fat fraction (PDFF) between supraclavicular and gluteal adipose tissue might indicate the presence of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between PDFF over the supraclavicular fat region as a proxy of BAT proportion and resting metabolic rate (RMR). In addition, the association between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1421085 at the () gene locus and both PDFF and RMR was investigated.

Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Weight Reduction in Behavioural Interventions-A Pooled Analysis.

Knowledge of the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and weight loss is limited. The aim was to analyse whether selected obesity-associated SNPs within the fat mass and obesity-associated (), transmembrane protein 18 (), melanocortin-4 receptor (), SEC16 homolog B (), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor () gene are associated with anthropometric changes during behavioural intervention for weight loss. genetic and anthropometric data from 576 individuals with overweight and obesity from four lifestyle interventions were obtained.

Knowledge, opinions and expectations of adults concerning personalised genotype-based dietary recommendations: a German survey.

Objective: To assess the knowledge, opinions and expectations of persons with and without obesity concerning personalised genotype-based nutrition.

Design: Questions about nutrition, weight management and personalised genotype-based dietary recommendations were asked via standardised telephone-based interviews. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were collected.

Responsibility of Individuals and Stakeholders for Obesity and a Healthy Diet: Results From a German Survey.

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are thought to be mainly caused by an energy-rich diet and a sedentary lifestyle. The opinions of those with and without obesity about an individual´s and stakeholder´s responsibility for overweight and obesity as well as a healthy diet is rather unclear. Therefore, a survey was conducted to assess the thoughts of persons with and without obesity about the responsibilities for a high body weight and healthy diet.

Investigation of the Relationship between MR-Based Supraclavicular Fat Fraction and Thyroid Hormones.

Purpose: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a potential role in energy and glucose metabolism in humans. Thyroid hormones (TH) are main regulators of BAT development and function. However, it remains unknown how the magnetic resonance (MR)-based proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of supraclavicular adipose tissue used as a surrogate marker for BAT presence relates to TH.

Age- and BMI-related variations of fat distribution in sacral and lumbar bone marrow and their association with local muscle fat content.

This analysis investigated the age- and BMI-related variations of fat distribution in sacral and lumbar bone marrow and their association with local muscle fat content in order to detect fat distribution patterns and variations in healthy adults using proton density fat fraction (PDFF) measurements. A six-echo 3D spoiled gradient-echo sequence was used for chemical shift encoding-based water-fat separation at the sacral and lower lumbar region in 103 healthy volunteers. PDFF values of the sacrum, 5 lumbar vertebral body, the gluteal and paraspinal muscles were determined.

Regional variation in paraspinal muscle composition using chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI.

Background: Paraspinal musculature forms one of the largest muscle compartments of the human body, but evidence for regional variation of its composition and dependency on gender or body mass index (BMI) is scarce.

Methods: This study applied six-echo chemical shift encoding-based water-fat magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 Tesla in 76 subjects (24 males and 52 females, age: 40.0±13.

Age- and gender-related variations of cervical muscle composition using chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI.

Purpose: To understand fat distribution patterns and ectopic fat deposition in healthy adults and to provide normative data, encompassing the borders of physiological regional muscle composition. For this purpose chemical shift encoding-based water-fat Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was used for proton density fat fraction (PDFF) calculations.

Material And Methods: 91 volunteers were enrolled (male: n = 28, age = 36.

A Scientific Perspective of Personalised Gene-Based Dietary Recommendations for Weight Management.

Various studies showed that a "one size fits all" dietary recommendation for weight management is questionable. For this reason, the focus increasingly falls on personalised nutrition. Although there is no precise and uniform definition of personalised nutrition, the inclusion of genetic variants for personalised dietary recommendations is more and more favoured, whereas scientific evidence for gene-based dietary recommendations is rather limited.

Differentiating supraclavicular from gluteal adipose tissue based on simultaneous PDFF and T * mapping using a 20-echo gradient-echo acquisition.

Background: Adipose tissue (AT) can be classified into white and brown/beige subtypes. Chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI-techniques allowing simultaneous mapping of proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and T * result in a lower PDFF and a shorter T * in brown compared with white AT. However, AT T * values vary widely in the literature and are primarily based on 6-echo data.

Gender- and Age-Related Changes in Trunk Muscle Composition Using Chemical Shift Encoding-Based Water⁻Fat MRI.

Ageing, sarcopenia, and malnutrition are associated with quantitative and qualitative changes of body composition. There are several imaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), for the assessment of trunk muscle tissue composition. In this study, we investigated the gender- and age-related changes in trunk muscle composition using chemical shift encoding-based water⁻fat MRI.

Do lifestyle interventions during pregnancy have the potential to reduce long-term postpartum weight retention? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Reducing postpartum weight retention is a promising strategy for addressing the rising prevalence of overweight and obesity in women. This systematic review and meta-analysis explored whether lifestyle interventions during pregnancy have the potential to reduce weight retention at 4 months postpartum and beyond. A search of five electronic databases for randomized controlled trials comparing the effect of weight-related lifestyle interventions beginning in pregnancy on postpartum weight retention to standard prenatal care groups was performed.

Associations Between C-Reactive Protein, Insulin Sensitivity, and Resting Metabolic Rate in Adults: A Mediator Analysis.

Long-term positive energy balance promotes the development of obesity, a main risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While an association between increased resting metabolic rate (RMR) and insulin sensitivity (IS) was shown previously, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Aim of the mediator analysis was to investigate the role of inflammation within the association between RMR and IS.

Associations between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Total Energy, Carbohydrate, and Fat Intakes: A Systematic Review.

A better understanding of the genetic underpinning of total energy, carbohydrate, and fat intake is a prerequisite to develop personalized dietary recommendations. For this purpose, we systematically reviewed associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and total energy, carbohydrate, and fat intakes. Four databases were searched for studies that assessed an association between SNPs and total energy, carbohydrate, and fat intakes.