The Effect of Osteotomy Preparation Technique and Implant Diameter on Primary Stability and Bone-implant Interface of Short Implants (6 mm).

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of osteotomy preparation technique and implant diameter on primary stability and bone-implant interface of short implants (6mm), when placed in bone with high degree of cancellous content.

Material And Method: 90 short (S) implants (6 mm) divided in nine groups based on width (Narrow 4.2 mm, Regular 4.

Impact of surface chemical treatment in surgical regenerative treatment of ligature-induced peri-implantitis: A canine study.

Background: Implant surface decontamination is a critical step in peri-implantitis treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the effect chemotherapeutic agents have on reosseointegration after treatment on ligature-inducted peri-implantitis.

Methods: Six male canines had 36 implants placed and ligatures were placed around them for 28 weeks to establish peri-implantitis.

Clinical and radiographic peri-implant tissue changes for implants restored with convex or concave abutment shapes: A 3-year randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate peri-implant tissue levels over a 3-year period for implants connected to either convex or concave final abutments at the time of implant placement.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized, double-masked, controlled clinical study, 28 patients with one missing maxillary premolar were assigned to receive one single implant with a permanent abutment of either convex (CONVEX Group) or concave (CONCAVE Group) emergence shape at the time of implant placement. Clinical and radiographic data were collected at the time of implant placement (IP), final prosthesis delivery (PR), 12 months (FU-1), and 36 months (FU-3) following implant placement.

The Influence of Abutment Macrodesign on Facial Peri-implant Tissue Dimensions for Guided Placed and Restored Implants at Healed Sites: 1-Year CBCT Findings from a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

This study aimed to evaluate facial peri-implant tissue dimensions for implants connected to either convex or concave final abutments. Patients (n = 28) were randomly allocated to receive a single implant with an abutment of either convex (Group CX) or concave (Group CV) emergence shape. Twelve months after implant placement, CBCT scans were taken and reference points were identified: first visible bone-to-implant contact, implant shoulder (IS), bone crest (BC), and marginal mucosal level (MML).

Implant-abutment connection as contributing factor to peri-implant diseases.

Dental implant-supported prostheses are an established treatment modality for the functional and esthetic rehabilitation of partial and/or complete edentulous patients. One of the most essential factors for successful treatment outcomes stems from preservation of the peri-implant bone. Early peri-implant crestal bone loss has been a common observation, coincides with the time period where most treatment manipulations occur and has been considered as a complex multifactorial event.

Alveolar Ridge Expansion by Osseodensification-Mediated Plastic Deformation and Compaction Autografting: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Osseodensification preserves bone bulk, facilitates compaction autografting, and deforms trabecular bone in an outward strain, which result in alveolar ridge plastic expansion. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate ridge expansion after osseodensification.

Materials And Methods: Patients treated with implant placement through osseodensification were evaluated.

The influence of abutment macro-design on clinical and radiographic peri-implant tissue changes for guided, placed, and restored implants: A 1-year randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the peri-implant tissue levels over a 1-year period for implants connected to either convex or concave final abutments at the time of implant placement.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized, double masked, controlled clinical study, twenty-eight patients with one missing maxillary premolar were allocated to receive one single implant with abutment of either convex (CX Group) or concave (CV Group) emergence shape. A block randomization sequence was used to allocate treatments.

Abutment Disconnection/Reconnection Affects Peri-implant Marginal Bone Levels: A Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that marginal bone loss can be secondary to repeated disconnection and reconnection of abutments that affect the peri-implant mucosal seal. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the impact of abutment disconnections/reconnections on peri-implant marginal bone level changes.

Materials And Methods: To address this question, two reviewers independently performed an electronic search of three major databases up to October 2015 complemented by manual searches.

A Novel Rat Model of Polymicrobial Peri-Implantitis: A Preliminary Study.

Background: Peri-implantitis is a complex polymicrobial biofilm-induced inflammatory osteolytic gingival infection that results in orofacial implant failures. To the best knowledge of the authors, there are no preclinical in vivo studies in implant dentistry that have investigated the inflammatory response to known microbial biofilms observed in humans. The aim of this study is to develop a novel peri-implant rat model using an established model of polymicrobial periodontitis.

Regenerative Needs Following Alveolar Ridge Preservation Procedures in Compromised and Noncompromised Extraction Sockets: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the necessity for additional regenerative procedures following healing of compromised and noncompromised extraction sockets with alveolar ridge preservation procedures through the use of virtual implant imaging software.

Materials And Methods: The cohort was comprised of 87 consecutive patients subjected to a single maxillary tooth extraction with an alveolar ridge preservation procedure for subsequent implant placement. Patients were divided into two main groups based on the integrity of the buccal bone plate following teeth extraction.

The Effects of Subcrestal Implant Placement on Crestal Bone Levels and Bone-to-Abutment Contact: A Microcomputed Tomographic and Histologic Study in Dogs.

Purpose: Implant design and the implant-abutment interface have been regarded as key influences on crestal bone maintenance over time. The aim of the present study was to determine crestal bone changes around implants placed at different depths in a dog model.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six two-piece dental implants with a medialized implant-abutment interface and Morse taper connection (Ankylos, Dentsply) were placed in edentulous areas bilaterally in six mongrel dogs.

Palatal Augmentation Technique: A Predictable Method to Increase the Palatal Connective Tissue at Donor Sites- A Consecutive Case Series.

The palatal masticatory mucosa between the canine and first molar is the main source of connective tissue graft (CTG) for use in periodontal plastic surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the palatal augmentation technique (PAT) to increase the palatal connective tissue donor area using a collagen sponge inserted between the palatal flap and bone. The 26 patients enrolled in this study were referred for root coverage and ridge augmentation procedures.

The Effect of Interimplant Distance on Peri-implant Bone and Soft Tissue Dimensional Changes: A Nonrandomized, Prospective, 2-Year Follow-up Study.

Purpose: To prospectively evaluate peri-implant bone and soft tissue dimension changes around adjacent implants placed at different horizontal interimplant distances.

Materials And Methods: Thirty partially edentulous patients, who underwent rehabilitation with two adjacent implant-supported crowns as part of their treatment plan, were assigned to three groups based on their prosthetic needs. Patients in group A (10 patients, 20 implants) were to have two implants placed at a 2-mm interimplant distance, patients in group B (10 patients, 20 implants) were to have two implants placed at a 3-mm interimplant distance, and patients in group C (10 patients, 20 implants) were to have two implants placed at an interimplant distance of > 4 mm according to their prosthetic needs.

Facial Peri-implant Soft Tissue Topography of Posterior Single Implant-Supported Restorations and Relationship to Adjacent Teeth: A Retrospective Analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the factors affecting facial peri-implant mucosa topography of posterior single implant-supported restorations.

Materials And Methods: The cohort comprised 25 patients with a single implant-supported restoration with platform switching and Morse taper-connection implants. Patients were divided into three groups based on facial soft tissue topography.

Bacterial Colonization of the Implant-Abutment Interface (IAI) of Dental Implants with a Sloped Marginal Design: An in-vitro Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to utilize an in vitro dynamic loading model to assess the potential risk of bacterial invasion into the Implant Abutment Interface (IAI) microgap of dental implants with sloped marginal design.

Materials And Methods: Forty implants were divided into two groups (n = 20 per group) based on implant marginal design. Group 1 was comprised of implants with Morse-taper connection and conventional marginal design that connected to titanium abutments.

Cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of implants with platform-switched Morse taper connection with the implant-abutment interface at different levels in relation to the alveolar crest.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate marginal bone levels, with cone beam computed tomography, on the buccal and lingual aspects of implants placed with the implant-abutment interface (IAI) at different positions in relation to the alveolar crest.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients in need of single-tooth rehabilitation were randomly assigned to three groups based on the position of the IAI in relation to the buccal aspect of the alveolar crest at the time of implant placement. Patients in groups 0, 1, and 2 had their implants placed level with the buccal crest or 1 or 2 mm apical to the buccal aspect of the alveolar crest, respectively.

The effect of dynamic loading on bacterial colonization of the dental implant fixture-abutment interface: an in vitro study.

Bacterial colonization of the fixture-abutment interface (FAI) microgap may contribute to increased marginal bone loss. The contribution of loading on bacterial colonization has not been thoroughly evaluated with in vitro experiments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dynamic loading on the colonization of oral microorganisms in the FAI microgap of dental implants with internal Morse-taper connection.

Placement of implants with platform-switched Morse taper connections with the implant-abutment interface at different levels in relation to the alveolar crest: a short-term (1-year) randomized prospective controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: This study sought to prospectively evaluate changes in marginal bone levels and soft tissue dimensions around platform-switched, Morse taper-connection implants placed with the implant-abutment interface (IAI) at different positions in relation to the alveolar crest.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients in need of single-tooth rehabilitations were randomly assigned to three groups based on the position of the IAI in relation to the alveolar crest at the time of implant placement. Implants in groups 0, 1, and 2 (n = 10 in each group) were placed at the bone level or 1 mm and 2 mm below the buccal aspect of the alveolar crest, respectively.

The Role of Chlorhexidine on Endotoxin Penetration to the Implant-Abutment Interface (IAI).

Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the risk of endotoxin penetration to the implant-abutment interface (IAI) of implants with Morse-taper connection and the effect of chlorhexidine in the prevention of such penetration.

Materials And Methods: Thirty implants with Morse-taper connection were divided into three groups (n = 10/group) based on type of inoculation of the internal aspect of the implant. Implants in Group 1 were inoculated with 1 μl Escherichia coli for 24 hours; supernatant was removed and 0.

The effect of healing abutment reconnection and disconnection on soft and hard peri-implant tissues: a short-term randomized controlled clinical trial.

Purpose: It has been reported that multiple abutment disconnections and reconnections following implant placement may compromise the peri-implant mucosal seal and may lead to increased marginal bone loss. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of healing abutment disconnection and reconnection on soft and hard peri-implant tissues.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen patients were included in this prospective randomized controlled clinical trial.

Porphyromonas gingivalis-nucleoside-diphosphate-kinase inhibits ATP-induced reactive-oxygen-species via P2X7 receptor/NADPH-oxidase signalling and contributes to persistence.

Ligation of P2X7 receptors with a 'danger signal', extracellular ATP (eATP), has recently been shown to result in production of intracellular reactive-oxygen-species (ROS) in macrophages. We show that primary gingival epithelial cells (GECs) produce sustained, robust cellular ROS upon stimulation by eATP. The induction of ROS was mediated by P2X7 receptor signalling coupled with NADPH-oxidase activation, as determined by pharmacological inhibition and RNA interference.

Innate immune receptor expression in peri-implant tissues of patients with different susceptibility to periodontal diseases.

Background: Although inflammation mediates the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, the effects of innate immune responses on implant therapies have not been evaluated. Innate immune receptors, including toll-like-receptors (TLRs) and the receptor for advanced glycated end-products (RAGE), are upregulated within inflamed gingiva and are responsible for initiation of detrimental host responses. The aim of this study is to compare the expression of TLR2, TLR4, and RAGE in gingival tissues from participants susceptible to periodontitis and participants not susceptible to periodontitis before and after implant therapy.

The role of hyperglycemia in mechanisms of exacerbated inflammatory responses within the oral cavity.

Immune modulating factors are necessary for pathogen clearance, but also contribute to host tissues damage, as those seen in periodontal diseases. Many of these responses can be exacerbated by host conditions including type 2 diabetes [T2D], where toll-like receptor 4 [TLR4] and the receptor for advanced glycated end products [RAGE] play a significant role. Here we investigate causality associated with the increase in inflammatory markers observed in periodontally diseased patients with T2D using multi-variant correlation analysis.

Immediate loading of implants placed with the osteotome technique: one-year prospective case series.

Background: There is limited information regarding marginal bone-level changes around immediately loaded implants placed with the osteotome technique. The aim of this case series is to prospectively evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome of immediately loaded implants placed with the osteotome technique over a 12-month period.

Methods: Eighteen patients in need of oral prosthetic rehabilitation that included single implant placement in positions #4 to #13 and/or #20 to #29 participated in this prospective trial.

Bacterial colonization of the implant-abutment interface using an in vitro dynamic loading model.

Background: Previously, we demonstrated that the geometry of the fixture-abutment interface influences the risk of bacterial invasion into the internal part of the implant, although the contribution of loading on this invasion was not evaluated. The aim of the present study is to use an in vitro dynamic-loading model to assess the potential risk for invasion of oral microorganisms into the fixture-abutment interface microgap of dental implants with different fixture-abutment connection characteristics.

Methods: Twenty-eight implants were divided into two groups (n = 14 per group) based on their microgap dynamics.