Optimizing Large Language Models in Radiology and Mitigating Pitfalls: Prompt Engineering and Fine-tuning.

Large language models (LLMs) such as generative pretrained transformers (GPTs) have had a major impact on society, and there is increasing interest in using these models for applications in medicine and radiology. This article presents techniques to optimize these models and describes their known challenges and limitations. Specifically, the authors explore how to best craft natural language prompts, a process known as prompt engineering, for these models to elicit more accurate and desirable responses.