Purpose: The utility of machine learning, specifically large language models (LLMs), in the medical field has gained considerable attention. However, there is a scarcity of studies that focus on the application of LLMs in generating custom subspecialty radiology impressions. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the performance of multiple LLMs in generating specialized, accurate, and clinically useful radiology impressions for degenerative cervical spine MRI reports.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGPT-4 Vision (GPT-4V) represents a significant advancement in multimodal artificial intelligence, enabling text generation from images without specialized training. This marks the transformation of ChatGPT as a large language model (LLM) into GPT-4's promised large multimodal model (LMM). As these AI models continue to advance, they may enhance radiology workflow and aid with decision support.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCalcification has significant influence over cardiovascular diseases and interventions. Detailed characterization of calcification is thus desired for predictive modeling, but calcium deposits on cardiovascular structures are still often manually reconstructed for physics-driven simulations. This poses a major bottleneck for large-scale adoption of computational simulations for research or clinical use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Med Imaging
January 2024
Automated volumetric meshing of patient-specific heart geometry can help expedite various biomechanics studies, such as post-intervention stress estimation. Prior meshing techniques often neglect important modeling characteristics for successful downstream analyses, especially for thin structures like the valve leaflets. In this work, we present DeepCarve (Deep Cardiac Volumetric Mesh): a novel deformation-based deep learning method that automatically generates patient-specific volumetric meshes with high spatial accuracy and element quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood allergy is a global health problem affecting up to 10% of the world population. Accurate diagnosis of food allergies, however, is still a major challenge in medical offices and for patients seeking alternative avenues of diagnosis. A flawless test to confirm or rule out a food allergy does not exist.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol
April 2023
Background: Fatigue is a symptom that can negatively impact patients' quality of life. However, the relationship of AD with fatigue has not been fully studied, especially in children.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of fatigue in AD patients, and whether AD severity, demographics and comorbidities are associated with increased fatigue in children.
Cytometry B Clin Cytom
November 2021
Background: The short stability window of several hours from blood collection to measuring basophil activation has limited the use of flow cytometry-based basophil activation assays in clinical settings. We examine if it is possible to extend this window to 1 day allowing for shipment of samples between laboratories. Several options exist for reporting the results including reporting all the measured values directly, calculating ratios and reporting a single value covering all measured results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) sought to provide an evidence-based guideline on the use of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in staging patients with newly diagnosed melanoma.
Methods: A comprehensive systematic review of the literature published from January 1990 through August 2011 was completed using MEDLINE and EMBASE. Abstracts from ASCO and SSO annual meetings were included in the evidence review.
Purpose: The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) sought to provide an evidence-based guideline on the use of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in staging patients with newly diagnosed melanoma.
Methods: A comprehensive systematic review of the literature published from January 1990 through August 2011 was completed using MEDLINE and EMBASE. Abstracts from ASCO and SSO annual meetings were included in the evidence review.
IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph
August 2012
In this extended version of our Symposium on Computer Animation paper, we describe a domain-decomposition method to simulate articulated deformable characters entirely within a subspace framework. We have added a parallelization and eigendecomposition performance analysis, and several additional examples to the original symposium version. The method supports quasistatic and dynamic deformations, nonlinear kinematics and materials, and can achieve interactive time-stepping rates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACM Trans Graph
December 2009
We propose an efficient scheme for evaluating nonlinear subspace forces (and Jacobians) associated with subspace deformations. The core problem we address is efficient integration of the subspace force density over the 3D spatial domain. Similar to Gaussian quadrature schemes that efficiently integrate functions that lie in particular polynomial subspaces, we propose cubature schemes (multi-dimensional quadrature) optimized for efficient integration of force densities associated with particular subspace deformations, particular materials, and particular geometric domains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResults of a clinical study using intravenous (IV) ribavirin for treating Department of Defense personnel with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) acquired in Korea from 1987 to 2005 were reviewed to determine the clinical course of HFRS treated with IV ribavirin. A total of 38 individuals enrolled in the study had subsequent serological confirmation of HFRS. Four of the 38 individuals received three or fewer doses of ribavirin and were excluded from treatment analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present a novel technique for synthesizing textures over dynamically changing fluid surfaces. We use both image textures as well as bump maps as example inputs. Image textures can enhance the rendering of the fluid by either imparting realistic appearance to it or by stylizing it, whereas bump maps enable the generation of complex micro-structures on the surface of the fluid that may be very difficult to synthesize using simulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaplacian instability is the physical mechanism driving pattern formation in many disparate natural phenomena. Current algorithms for simulating this instability are slow and memory intensive. A new algorithm, based on the dielectric breakdown model from physics, is more than three orders of magnitude faster than previous methods and decreases memory use by two orders of magnitude.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive type of breast cancer. No randomized controlled trial or systematic review with an IBC-only cohort that evaluates interventions has been published. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to characterize the reporting of clinical criteria and response to neoadjuvant therapy for IBC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present a fast method for simulating, animating, and rendering lightning using adaptive grids. The "dielectric breakdown model" is an elegant algorithm for electrical pattern formation that we extend to enable animation of lightning. The simulation can be slow, particularly in 3D, because it involves solving a large Poisson problem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Lymphatic mapping with sentinel lymph node biopsy has the potential for reducing the morbidity associated with breast carcinoma staging. It has become a widely used technology despite limited data from controlled clinical trials.
Methods: A systematic review of the world's literature of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in patients with early-stage breast carcinoma was undertaken by using electronic and hand searching techniques.
Purpose: To develop a guideline for the use of sentinel node biopsy (SNB) in early stage breast cancer.
Methods: An American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Expert Panel conducted a systematic review of the literature available through February 2004 on the use of SNB in early-stage breast cancer. The panel developed a guideline for clinicians and patients regarding the appropriate use of a sentinel lymph node identification and sampling procedure from hereon referred to as SNB.