Swallowing biomechanics in tracheostomised critically ill patients compared to age- and gender-matched healthy controls.

Objective: The mechanistic effects of a tracheostomy on swallowing are unclear. Pharyngeal high-resolution manometry with impedance (P-HRM-I) is a novel swallow assessment tool providing quantifiable metrics. This study aimed to characterise swallowing biomechanics in tracheostomised critically ill (non-neurological) patients.

BiZact™ tonsillectomy: Predictive factors for post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage from a 1717 case series.

Objective: To determine primary and secondary post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage (PTH) rates and identify predictive factors in a cohort of consecutive adult and paediatric BiZact™ tonsillectomy cases.

Setting: Retrospective cohort study. Patients from Flinders Medical Centre, Noarlunga Hospital and private otolaryngology practices who underwent BiZact™ tonsillectomy from 2017 to 2020.

Pharyngeal tongue base augmentation for dysphagia therapy: A prospective case series in patients post head and neck cancer treatment.

Background: Dysphagia post head and neck cancer (HNC) multimodality treatment is attributed to reduced pharyngeal strength. We hypothesized that pharyngeal tongue base augmentation for dysphagia (PAD therapy) would increase pharyngeal pressures during swallowing thereby improving swallow symptoms.

Methods: Adults with moderate-severe dysphagia post-HNC treatment had PAD therapy using a temporary filler (hyaluronic acid [HA]), with follow-up long-lasting lipofilling.

Risk of airway fire with the use of KTP laser and high flow humidified oxygen delivery in a laryngeal surgery model.

Airway surgery presents a unique environment for operating room fire to occur. This study aims to explore the factors of combustion when using KTP laser with high flow oxygen in an ex-vivo model. The variables tested were varying tissue type, tissue condition, oxygen concentration, laser setting, and smoke evacuation in a stainless-steel model.

Swallowing biomechanics before and following multi-level upper airway surgery for obstructive sleep apnea.

Study Objectives: The effect of contemporary multi-level upper airway surgery for obstructive sleep apnea on swallowing is unclear. This study assessed the biomechanical swallowing function in participants with obstructive sleep apnea pre- and post-modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and coblation channeling of the tongue.

Methods: In this prospective, longitudinal study, adults diagnosed with moderate-severe obstructive sleep apnea who underwent modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and coblation channeling of the tongue surgery had swallowing biomechanics assessed using high-resolution pharyngeal manometry and analyzed with swallowgateway.

Altered swallowing biomechanics in people with moderate-severe obstructive sleep apnea.

Study Objectives: Dysphagia is a common but under-recognized complication of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the mechanisms remain poorly described. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess swallowing symptoms and use high-resolution pharyngeal manometry to quantify swallowing biomechanics in patients with moderate-severe OSA.

Hemostasis in Laryngeal Surgery.

The larynx is a highly vascularized organ supplied by the superior and inferior laryngeal arteries. Both microphonosurgery and external laryngeal surgery require excellent hemostasis. Topical agents including adrenalin and fibrin-based products as well as surgical instrumentation, such as coagulation devices or in some cases embolization, are in the surgeon's armamentarium and facilitate efficient and successful surgery.

Chronic cough: an otorhinolaryngology perspective.

Purpose Of Review: Cough lasting more than 8 weeks is a common presenting complaint to the otolaryngologist. Historically, chronic cough has been attributed to post-nasal drip, laryngopharyngeal reflux and cough-variant asthma. This study reviews chronic cough from the viewpoint of an otolaryngologist.

Effects of simulated bleeding in an in vitro nasal fibroblast wound healing model.

Background: We investigated the effect of simulated bleeding on plasminogen activity, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, and wound healing using a human fibroblast model.

Methods: Nasal fibroblasts from three chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients with nasal polyps and three controls were grown in culture and a standardized injury was created using a punch. To mimic bleeding, fibroblasts were stimulated with plasminogen (100 microg/mL), plasminogen + tranexamic acid (TA; 100 microg/mL) or media only.

Efficacy of different techniques of sinonasal irrigation after modified Lothrop procedure.

Background: Postoperative irrigation after endoscopic sinus surgery and endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure is used to remove nasal crusts and to improve wound healing. To evaluate the optimal application protocol for irrigation of the frontal sinus, a prospective cadaver study was performed.

Methods: An endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure and complete sphenoethmoidectomy were performed in 19 heads.

Validating the use of report-derived Lund-MacKay scores.

Background: The Lund-MacKay score (LMS) is the standard for communicating radiological extent of chronic rhinosinusitis in research. However, retrospective analyses are often hindered by a substantial lack of radiological data. Calculating LMS from radiologists' reports may overcome this but has not been formally validated.

Effects of topical antifibrinolytics in endoscopic sinus surgery: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Bleeding in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) may increase the risk of intraoperative complications and is associated with poorer outcomes Antifibrinolytic agents have been shown to reduce bleeding if administered systemically. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of topical epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) and tranexamic acid (TA) on bleeding in the surgical field during ESS.

Methods: A prospective blind randomized controlled trial was performed.

Standardized video-endoscopy and surgical field grading scale for endoscopic sinus surgery: a multi-centre study.

Background: Bleeding is a major concern in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), as it may impede surgical progress and is often associated with complications. To improve the study and management of intraoperative bleeding, a standardized method of recording bleeding during ESS is needed. The aim of this study was to develop a standardized method of documenting bleeding in ESS and of grading the surgical field.

An evaluation of effect of pterygopalatine fossa injection with local anesthetic and adrenalin in the control of nasal bleeding during endoscopic sinus surgery.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pterygopalatine fossa infiltration with lidocaine and adrenalin on bleeding in the surgical field during endoscopic sinus surgery.

Methods: A prospective blind randomized controlled trial was performed. Fifty-five patients were randomized to receive a unilateral transoral infiltration of the pterygopalatine fossa with 2 mL of 2% lidocaine and 1:80,000 adrenalin.