A Conceptual Model for Mobile Health-enabled Slow Eating Strategies.

Ingestive behaviors (IBs) (eg, bites, chews, oral processing, swallows, pauses) have meaningful roles in enhancing satiety, promoting fullness, and decreasing food consumption, and thus may be an underused strategy for obesity prevention and treatment. Limited IB monitoring research has been conducted because of a lack of accurate automated measurement capabilities outside laboratory settings. Self-report methods are used, but they have questionable validity and reliability.

Personal digital health in Parkinson's disease: Case histories and commentary.

The use of self-tracking of bio-behavioral states along with prescription dosing information is increasingly popular in the care and study of many human diseases. Parkinson's Disease is particularly amenable to such tracking, as patients live with the progressive disease for many years, increasing motivation to pursue quality of life changes through careful monitoring of symptoms and self-guided management of their medications and lifestyle choices. Through the use of digital self-tracking technologies, patients independently or in conjunction with professional medical advice are modulating their medications and behavioral regimens based on self-tracking data.

Pursuing Collective Synchrony in Teams: A Regime-Switching Dynamic Factor Model of Speed Similarity in Soccer.

Collective synchrony refers to the simultaneous occurrence of behavior, cognition, emotion, and/or physiology within teams of three or more persons. It has been suggested that collective synchrony may emanate from the copresence of team members, from their engagement in a shared task, and from coordination enacted in pursuit of a collective goal. In this paper, a regime-switching dynamic factor analytical approach is used to examine interindividual similarities in a particular behavioral measure (i.

Effects of measurement timing on subgroup identification using growth mixture modeling: An empirical application to alcohol use.

Growth mixture modeling (GMM) identifies latent classes exhibiting distinct longitudinal patterns on an outcome. Subgroups identified by GMM may be artifactually influenced by measurement timing (e.g.

A mixed-effects location scale model for time-to-event data: A smoking behavior application.

In general, mixed-effects location scale models (MELS) allow assessment of within-person and between-person variability with time-to-event data for outcomes that follow a normal or ordinal distribution. In this article, we extend the mixed-effects location scale model to time-to-event data in relation to smoking data. Better understanding of the time-graded within-person variability of factors involved in nicotine dependence can be helpful to researchers in their efforts to fine-tune smoking cessation programs.

Parents do matter: a longitudinal two-part mixed model of early college alcohol participation and intensity.

Objective: We hypothesized that etiologically relevant parental, peer, and demographic variables would predict both the transition into alcohol use and consequences and the increase in intensity of these outcomes from prematriculation to the sophomore year of college.

Method: College students (N = 388) at a midsized northeastern public university were assessed during the summer before matriculation and during the spring semesters of their freshman and sophomore years. A recently developed mixed model for analyzing longitudinal response patterns with predominating zeros was employed to examine categorical transitions (binary portion) and growth (intensity portion).

Rapid HIV testing of women in labor: too long a delay.

For HIV-infected women who have not received antiretroviral treatment or transmission prophylaxis in pregnancy, starting antiretrovirals in labor or soon after birth can still decrease the risk of perinatal transmission. There is, therefore, potential benefit in conducting rapid HIV testing in labor, but hospitals are seldom prepared to conduct such testing. We compared protocols for rapid HIV testing at 2 hospitals to determine what proportion of women had results back early enough to intervene if results had been positive.