Four New Tirucallane Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Ailanthus Triphysa with Anti-Inflammatory Activities.

Isolation and determination of three new compounds from the leaves of Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston with their anti-inflammatory activity. Ten tirucallane triterpenes (1-10) including four undescribed compounds, ailantriphysas A-D (1-4), were isolated from the leaves of Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.

Four Unidentified Compounds Isolated from the Stem Barks of Aphanamixis polystachya and Their NO Production Inhibition in LPS Activated RAW 264.7 Cells.

Phytochemical study on the methanol extract of the stem barks of Aphanamixis polystachya led to the isolation of four previously undescribed (1-4) and ten known compounds (5-14). Their chemical structures were elucidated to be 11-methoxysawaranospiroride C (1), 6α,9S,10,13-tetrahydroxymegastigmane-3-one (2), 11-hydroxyaphanamixin B (3), (2Z,6E,13E)-2,6,13-triene-11,15-dihydroxyphytanic acid (4), cinnacasside D (5), cinnacasside E (6), vilsonol F (7), (3S,5R,6S,7E,9R)-3,5,6,9-tetrahydroxy-7-en-megastigmane (8), (3S,5R,6R,7E,9R)-3,6,9,10-tetrahydroxy-7-en-megastigmane (9), citroside A (10), threo-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1,2,3-propanetriol (11), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12), p-coumaric acid (13), ferulic acid (14) by HR-ESI-MS, ECD, 1D-, and 2D-NMR spectra. Compounds 1, 3, 4, and 9 showed NO production inhibitory activity in LPS activated RAW 264.

Tributelosides A-D: Four Undescribed Spirostan Glycosides Isolated from the Branches and Leaves of Tribulus terrestris with Their NO Production Inhibitory Activity in LPS Activated RAW 264.7 Cells.

Four undescribed spirostan glycosides, (25S)-5α-spirostan- 12-one-2α,3β-diol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside (1), (25S)-5α-spirostan-12-one-2α,3β-diol-3-O-β-D-galatopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl- (1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside (2), (25S)-5α-spirostan-12-one-2α,3β-diol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranoside (3), and hecogenin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (4), together with eleven known compounds (5-15) were isolated from the branches and leaves of Tribulus terrestris. Their chemical structures were established through spectroscopic methods, including HR-ESI-MS, 1D-, and 2D-NMR spectra. Preliminary biological evaluation on NO production inhibitory activity in LPS activated RAW 264.

Quantification of APOBEC3 Mutation Rates Affecting the Gene of BK Polyomavirus In Vivo.

Mutations in the BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) capsid accumulate in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients with persistent virus replication. They are associated with neutralization escape and appear to arise as a result of cytosine deamination by host cell APOBEC3A/B enzymes. To study the mutagenic processes occurring in patients, we amplified the typing region of the gene, sequenced the amplicons to a depth of 5000-10,000×, and identified rare mutations, which were fitted to COSMIC mutational signatures.

Phenolic Glycosides from the Leaves of Iodes cirrhosa Turcz. with Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Effects.

In the present study, 14 phenolic glycosides, including one new neolignan glycoside, iodescirrhoside A (1), three new flavonol glycosides, iodescirrhosides B-D (2-4), and 10 known metabolites were obtained from the methanol extract of Iodes cirrhosa leaves. Structural elucidation was performed by interpretating the 1D- and 2D- NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and CD spectra in comparison with literature data. All compounds were noncytotoxic to LU-1, HepG2, MCF-7, SK-Mel-2, and LNCaP cancer cell lines.

Particulate matter accumulation capacity of plants in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Population growth, urbanization, environmental conditions and rapid development have caused particulate matter (PM) levels to rise above all national and international health standards during the last two decades in many South-East Asian countries. These PM levels needs to be reduced urgently as they increase the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory health problems for millions of people. Plants have shown to efficiently reduce PM in the air by accumulation on their leaves.

New dianthramide and cinnamic ester glucosides from the roots of Aconitum carmichaelii.

Four new compounds N-salicyl-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid methyl ester (1), N-(2'-dehydroxysalicyl)-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid methyl ester (2), methyl-4-β-D-allopyranosyl-ferulate (3), and methyl-4-β-D-gulopyranosyl-cinnamate (4), along with six known compounds (5-10), were isolated from the roots of Aconitum carmichelii Debx. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data analysis, including 1D, 2D-NMR, and HR-ESI-MS. Compounds 1 and 2 showed the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production with IC values of 9.

In vitro evaluation of the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of constituents of the mangrove Lumnitzera racemosa Willd.

This study performed phytochemical and bioactive assessments of the mangrove Lumnitzera racemosa Willd. leaves. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the methanolic extracts led to the identification of thirty-six compounds (1-36), their structures were elucidated using detailed NMR spectroscopic and MS analysis.