Efficacy of Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes.

Low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD), originally used as a treatment for childhood epilepsy is currently gaining acceptance as a nutritional therapy for obesity and type 2 diabetes. In addition, this diet has a positive effect on body weight, blood glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma lipid profile, and neurological disorders. This review focuses on the therapeutic effectiveness, negative effects, and the rationale of using LCKD for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Green Tea Induced Cellular Proliferation and the Expression of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in the Jejunal Mucosa of Fasting Rats.

Objective: The aim of this study was to understand whether or not the protective effect of green tea after fasting-induced damage in the jejunal mucosa of rat is dependent on cell proliferation and the stimulation of specific growth factors.

Materials And Methods: Sixty adult male Wistar rats were used in this study. The animals were divided randomly into 5 groups, with 12 in each group (G1-5).

Fundamental studies of adrenal retinoid-X-receptor: Protein isoform, tissue expression, subcellular distribution, and ligand availability.

Adrenal gland reportedly expresses many nuclear receptors that are known to heterodimerize with retinoid-X-receptor (RXR) for functions, but the information regarding the glandular RXR is not adequate. Studies of rat adrenal homogenate by Western blotting revealed three RXR proteins: RXRα (55kDa), RXRβ (47kDa) and RXR (56kDa). RXRγ was not detectable.

Erythrocyte membranes convert monomeric ferriprotoporphyrin IX to β-hematin in acidic environment at malarial fever temperature.

Hemozoin production makes it possible for intraerythrocytic malaria parasites to digest massive quantities of hemoglobin but still avoid potential ferriprotoporphyrin IX (FP) toxicity, which they cannot decompose further. Some antimalarial drugs, such as chloroquine, work by inhibiting this production, forcing the parasite to starve to death. As part of the efforts to identify possible biological mechanisms of FP polymerization, we have used normal human erythrocyte membranes as a model, to promote β-hematin (β-h) synthesis.

Effect of low-calorie versus low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet in type 2 diabetes.

Objective: Effective diabetic management requires reasonable weight control. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown the beneficial effects of a low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes after its long term administration. Furthermore, it favorably alters the cardiac risk factors even in hyperlipidemic obese subjects.

Therapeutic role of low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet in diabetes.

Introduction: Changes in dietary habits influence the glycemic level. Preliminary studies using the low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) were found to be quite promising in controlling diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to investigate the therapeutic effects of LCKD in experimental diabetic rats following the administration of streptozotocin (STZ).

Morphologic changes in fibroadenoma of breast due to chickenpox: a case report with suspicious cytology in fine needle aspiration smears.

Background: Fibroadenomas with stromal giant cell reaction have been described in the literature, but cytologic atypia including giant cell reaction due to chickenpox giving rise to suspicious cytology has not been reported.

Case Report: A 25-year-old woman, recovering from chickenpox, presented with a 1.5 x 1.

Low carbohydrate ketogenic diet enhances cardiac tolerance to global ischaemia.

Unlabelled: The cardio-protective effects of a low carbohydrate ketogenic diet following global ischaemic injury as compared to rats fed a normal and high carbohydrate diet for a period of 19 weeks, were investigated. The reperfusion recovery of coronary flow was highly significant in the low carbohydrate ketogenic diet group. Although the initial reperfusion recovery of the pressure developed in the left ventricle, Pmax was similar in all groups, after 15 minutes, the momentum for faster recovery was maintained in the low carbohydrate ketogenic diet group.

Beneficial effects of ketogenic diet in obese diabetic subjects.

Objective: Obesity is closely linked to the incidence of type II diabetes. It is found that effective management of body weight and changes to nutritional habits especially with regard to the carbohydrate content and glycemic index of the diet have beneficial effects in obese subjects with glucose intolerance. Previously we have shown that ketogenic diet is quite effective in reducing body weight.

Diversity in the surface morphology of adjacent epithelial cells of the choroid plexus: an ultrastructural analysis.

It is generally known that the luminal surface of the choroidal epithelial cells is covered with a luxuriant coat of slender microvilli and cilia. However, extensive ultrastructural studies on the surface morphology of choroidal epithelial cells are lacking. This study, therefore, is focused on the detailed surface morphology of the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle of adult Wistar rats using transmission and scanning electron microscopy.

Long term effects of ketogenic diet in obese subjects with high cholesterol level.

Objective: Various studies have convincingly shown the beneficial effect of ketogenic diet (in which the daily consumption of carbohydrate is less than 20 grams, regardless of fat, protein and caloric intake) in reducing weight in obese subjects. However, its long term effect on obese subjects with high total cholesterol (as compared to obese subjects with normal cholesterol level is lacking. It is believed that ketogenic diet may have adverse effect on the lipid profile.

Long-term effects of a ketogenic diet in obese patients.

Background: Although various studies have examined the short-term effects of a ketogenic diet in reducing weight in obese patients, its long-term effects on various physical and biochemical parameters are not known.

Objective: To determine the effects of a 24-week ketogenic diet (consisting of 30 g carbohydrate, 1 g/kg body weight protein, 20% saturated fat, and 80% polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat) in obese patients.

Patients And Methods: In the present study, 83 obese patients (39 men and 44 women) with a body mass index greater than 35 kg/m(2), and high glucose and cholesterol levels were selected.