Atovaquone-Proguanil in Combination With Artesunate to Treat Multidrug-Resistant Malaria in Cambodia: An Open-Label Randomized Trial.

Background: Recent artemisinin-combination therapy failures in Cambodia prompted a search for alternatives. Atovaquone-proguanil (AP), a safe, effective treatment for multidrug-resistant (), previously demonstrated additive effects in combination with artesunate (AS).

Methods: Patients with or mixed-species infection (n = 205) in Anlong Veng (AV; n = 157) and Kratie (KT; n = 48), Cambodia, were randomized open-label 1:1 to a fixed-dose 3-day AP regimen +/-3 days of co-administered artesunate (ASAP).