Muscle Protein Synthesis Responses Following Aerobic-Based Exercise or High-Intensity Interval Training with or Without Protein Ingestion: A Systematic Review.

Background: Systematic investigation of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) responses with or without protein ingestion has been largely limited to resistance training.

Objective: This systematic review determined the capacity for aerobic-based exercise or high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to stimulate post-exercise rates of MPS and whether protein ingestion further significantly increases MPS compared with placebo.

Methods: Three separate models analysed rates of either mixed, myofibrillar, sarcoplasmic, or mitochondrial protein synthesis (PS) following aerobic-based exercise or HIIT: Model 1 (n = 9 studies), no protein ingestion; Model 2 (n = 7 studies), peri-exercise protein ingestion with no placebo comparison; Model 3 (n = 14 studies), peri-exercise protein ingestion with placebo comparison.