Computed tomography roadmap for post-operative fundoplication imaging with a novel structured reporting checklist.

Introduction: With increasing numbers and acceptability of laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery (LARS) procedures over long-term medical treatment in the past decade, it follows that the complications of fundoplication wrap are seen intermittently with recurrent symptoms of heartburn and dysphagia. Endoscopy and barium swallow are the initial investigations performed for suspected fundoplication wrap failures. However, with easy availability of multislice computed tomography (CT) and the multiplanar reconstructions along with reduction in familiarity with barium examinations, it would be prudent for the surgeons to familiarise themselves with various appearances of wrap failure.

Creating a Risk Score for Prolonged Length of Stay Following Pediatric Lung Transplants.

Background: Pediatric lung transplant (LT) outcomes correlate with prolonged length of stay (pLOS), yet a paucity of research exists predicting pLOS in this population. We aim to identify factors associated with pLOS following pediatric LT, and to create a risk score identifying individual patients at increased risk of pLOS.

Methods: Using the OPTN database, we analyzed 733 pediatric patients who received an LT between January 2000-July 2022.

ASCC1 structures and bioinformatics reveal a novel helix-clasp-helix RNA-binding motif linked to a two-histidine phosphodiesterase.

Activating signal co-integrator complex 1 (ASCC1) acts with ASCC-ALKBH3 complex in alkylation damage responses. ASCC1 uniquely combines two evolutionarily ancient domains: nucleotide-binding K-Homology (KH) (associated with regulating splicing, transcriptional, and translation) and two-histidine phosphodiesterase (PDE; associated with hydrolysis of cyclic nucleotide phosphate bonds). Germline mutations link loss of ASCC1 function to spinal muscular atrophy with congenital bone fractures 2 (SMABF2).

Effectiveness of multi-component modular intervention among adults with prehypertension in a village of Dakshina Kannada district - a community-based interventional study - protocol.

Introduction: The Joint National Committee (JNC 7) report on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of Hypertension, defined "prehypertension," as individuals with a Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) in the range of 120-139 mmHg and a (diastolic blood pressure) DBP of 80-89 mmHg. Prehypertension is directly linked with hypertension which is a precursor of CVDs. Owing to its high conversion rate to hypertension, it is important to identify individuals with blood pressures in this category and bring about lifestyle modifications in them that can prevent them from being hypertensive and from developing cardiovascular diseases later in life.

Association of Concussion History and Prolonged Recovery in Youth.

Objective: To determine the number of prior concussions associated with increased incidence of persistent postconcussive symptoms (PPCS) in a cohort of acutely concussed pediatric patients.

Design: Prospective observational cohort study.

Setting: Three university-affiliated concussion clinics.

Vaccine hesitancy among mothers of under-five children in Coastal South India: a facility-based cross-sectional study.

Vaccine hesitancy (VH) has been identified by the World Health Organization as one among the top ten threats to global public health. There is limited literature regarding VH from developing countries like India. In this facility based cross-sectional study, 172 mothers of under-five children were assessed regarding VH using the parental attitude towards childhood vaccination questionnaire (PACV).

Indian Academy of Pediatrics Revised Guidelines on School Reopening: First Revision, September 2021.

Justification: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected schooling for more than 24 crores students, since March 2020. Students need a respite from the long standing social isolation so that they regain their chance to develop holistically, but after the devastating effects of the second wave, the administrators as well as parents are skeptical about the decision of school reopening.

Process: The Indian Academy of Pediatrics constituted a task force comprising of national and international experts in the field who deliberated on the issue.

Modular intervention to improve paternal involvement and support for better infant and young child feeding in a district of coastal South India: a randomized controlled trial protocol.

: The major determinant to the well-being of infants and young children (IYC) is their feeding practices. These practices are the responsibility of both parents, meaning that fathers have an equal role to mothers. Fathers' involvement can have an impact on the overall health of the children.

Are Our Diabetic Patients Adherent to the Treatment?

Aim: To estimate the adherence to treatment among type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: Treatment adherence is a complex process that is controlled by multiple factors. Lack of treatment adherence is common with patients who suffer from type 2 diabetes and is becoming a very prevalent problem especially with the patients who suffer from non-communicable diseases (NCD) worldwide.

Effectiveness of School-Based Interventions in Reducing Unintentional Childhood Injuries: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of school-based interventions in promoting child safety and reducing unintentional childhood injuries.

Methods: This cluster randomized trial with 1:1 allocation of clusters to intervention and control arm was conducted in the public and private schools of Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka, over a period of 10 months. Study participants included children from standard 5-7 in schools selected for the study.

Parental Perspectives on Remote Learning and School Reopening.

We conducted this online survey to assess the parental perspectives on remote learning, the associated stress, and school reopening during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of 2694 responses, 2032 (75.4%) parents perceived remote learning to be stressful for the child and 1902 (70.

Life's crucial transition and leads for comprehensive trajectory: Adolescents survey at physiological stages for prudent policies and refinements for practice.

Context: Adolescent health information within new global health initiatives is advocated. Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) is among young people 13 to17 years. Early prevention and promotion is beneficial.

Mechanism of efficient double-strand break repair by a long non-coding RNA.

Mechanistic studies in DNA repair have focused on roles of multi-protein DNA complexes, so how long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate DNA repair is less well understood. Yet, lncRNA LINP1 is over-expressed in multiple cancers and confers resistance to ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutic drugs. Here, we unveil structural and mechanistic insights into LINP1's ability to facilitate non-homologous end joining (NHEJ).

Indian Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines on School Reopening, Remote Learning and Curriculum in and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Justification: With the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant school closure, children all over the country are undergoing a lot of educational, psychosocial, and physical problems. There is an urgent and deep felt need to offer scientific and concrete guidance for these concerns and support children in their educational development during these testing times.

Objective: To review the guidelines and recommendations given by various international agencies and formulate guidelines in the Indian context on (a) how and when to reopen the schools; (b) ways and means of remote learning; and (c) to identify the contents of curriculum that need restructuring in context of the current situation.

Visualizing functional dynamicity in the DNA-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme DNA-PK complex by integrating SAXS with cryo-EM.

Assembly of KU and DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) at DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) forms DNA-PK holoenzyme as a critical initiating step for non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair of DSBs produced by radiation and chemotherapies. Advanced cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) imaging together with breakthrough macromolecular X-ray crystal (MX) structures of KU and DNA-PKcs recently enabled visualization of the ∼600 kDa DNA-PK assembly at near atomic resolution. These important static structures provide the foundation for definition and interpretation of functional movements crucial to mechanistic understanding that can be tested through solution state structure analysis.

Estimating global injuries morbidity and mortality: methods and data used in the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study.

Background: While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria.

Methods: In this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation.

Quality of Life and Self-care Behavior Among People Living with Diabetes- A Study from Coastal South India.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic condition affecting millions of people globally. The focus of our future health care providers should not lie primarily on increasing the "quantity" of life but also on improving the Quality of Life of the patient. There is a serious lack of awareness and adherence regarding self-care for Diabetes in countries like India.

Clinico-Epidemiological Profile of Children Orphaned due to AIDS Residing in Care Giving Institutions in Coastal South India.

Background: HIV/AIDS has a greater impact on children. Besides being orphaned by the untimely demise of one or both parents due to the disease, these children are more prone for discrimination by the society.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study 86 children orphaned by AIDS residing in care giving institutions for HIV positive children in Mangalore were assessed for their clinico-epidemiological profile and nutritional status.