Enterococcus avium Infection After Liver Transplantation in Vietnam: A Case Report.

Background: The infectious complications are the most common and can be life-threatening to liver transplant recipients, in particular, within the first month after transplantation. Early diagnosis of these severe complications and accurate detection of causative etiologies are crucial for the choice of therapeutic strategies and management of liver transplants.

Case Report: We present a case report of a patient with a history of primary sclerosing cholangitis who underwent a liver transplantation (LT) from a living donor.

Conserved Sequences from Dengue Virus Genomes Form Stable G-Quadruplexes.

Arthropod-borne members of the genus cause significant human disease. Four serotypes of dengue virus are endemic globally, and approximately 50 percent of the world's population lives in a dengue-affected area. Complications from immunoenhancement occurring after a secondary infection with a different dengue serotype make vaccine development challenging.

Re-identification of Strains from Section and Description of Three Unrecorded Species from Korea.

The section includes xerophilic fungi that are economically significant and broadly distributed in natural settings as well as human habitats and are recognized for their sustenance on substrates with low water activity. Accurate identification of fungal species is essential for any reliable advances in mycological research. In this study, 108 strains from the section , originating from Korea and conserved at the Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, were subjected to re-identification using a combined dataset that included partial sequences of β-tubulin (), Calmodulin (), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit () genes, along with their morphological characteristics.

Improving properties of chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol films using cashew nut testa extract: potential applications in food packaging.

Cashew nut testa, a by-product of cashew nut processing, is abundant in phenolic compounds and exhibits strong antioxidant properties, making it a potential additive for enhancing the antioxidant properties of biodegradable films used in food packaging. This study explores the fabrication of biodegradable chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol films incorporating varying concentrations of cashew nut testa extract (CNTE; 0, 1, 2 and 3% v/v) and evaluates their physical, structural, mechanical, optical and antioxidant properties. The results demonstrate that increasing extract concentration generally increased the thickness, tensile strength, Young's modulus, thermal stability and antioxidant capacity of the films, while reducing the moisture content, swelling degree, elongation at break, and light transmittance.

Correction: Santoso et al. Effects of Laccase and Transglutaminase on the Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Hybrid Lupin and Whey Protein Powder. 2024, , 2090.

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Assessment of environmental factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 in Vietnam's surface water across two years of clinical data.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an effective, non-invasive method for monitoring the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by tracking viral prevalence in water. This study aimed to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in surface water in Vietnam over two years. One-step quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays were employed to quantify SARS-CoV-2 and its variant-specific mutation sites (G339D/E484A) and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) from a total of 315 samples (105 samples per site) to compare with reported Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and environmental factors.

Risk assessments of microplastic exposure in bivalves living in the coral reefs of Vietnam.

This study aimed to assess the presence of microplastics in bottom sediment and bivalve species, including Pinna bicolor, Atrina vexillum, Saccostrea sp., and Pinctada margaritifera, living in coral reefs on Vietnam's Southern coastal. The average microplastic abundance were 0.

Re-identification of Korean Isolates in the Colletotrichum dematium, C. magnum, C. orchidearum, and C. orbiculare Species Complexes.

A large number of species in the genus Colletotrichum have been reported as causal agents of anthracnose on crops and wild plants in Korea. Many Colletotrichum isolates from the country preserved in the Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC) were previously identified based on host plants and morphological characteristics, and it may lead to species misidentification. Thus, accurate fungal species identification using multilocus sequence analyses is essential for understanding disease epidemiology and disease management strategies.

Prognostic Value of Acute Gastrointestinal Injury Combined with Disease Severity Scores in Critically Ill Patients.

Background: Critically ill patients are at high risk of multiple organ failure syndrome (MODS) and gastrointestinal (GI) injury and dysfunction, which are associated with increased mortality rates. The acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) scale has shown promise in assessing GI dysfunction. However, the combined utility of AGI with established disease severity scores remains unclear.

Effects of Laccase and Transglutaminase on the Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Hybrid Lupin and Whey Protein Powder.

Plant-based protein is considered a sustainable protein source and has increased in demand recently. However, products containing plant-based proteins require further modification to achieve the desired functionalities akin to those present in animal protein products. This study aimed to investigate the effects of enzymes as cross-linking reagents on the physicochemical and functional properties of hybrid plant- and animal-based proteins in which lupin and whey proteins were chosen as representatives, respectively.

Structure of an RNA G-quadruplex from the West Nile virus genome.

Potential G-quadruplex sites have been identified in the genomes of DNA and RNA viruses and proposed as regulatory elements. The genus Orthoflavivirus contains arthropod-transmitted, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses that cause significant human disease globally. Computational studies have identified multiple potential G-quadruplex sites that are conserved across members of this genus.

Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of the small auxin-up RNA gene family during zygotic and somatic embryo maturation of the cacao tree (Theobroma cacao).

Small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) proteins were known as a large family that supposedly participated in various biological processes in higher plant species. However, the SAUR family has been still not explored in cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), one of the most important industrial trees.

Adaptive sampling method to monitor low-risk pathways with limited surveillance resources.

The rise of globalization has led to a sharp increase in international trade with high volumes of containers, goods, and items moving across the world. Unfortunately, these trade pathways also facilitate the movement of unwanted pests, weeds, diseases, and pathogens. Each item could contain biosecurity risk material, but it is impractical to inspect every item.

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential as a prognostic factor: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

With advances in sequencing, individuals with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) are increasingly being identified, making it essential to understand its prognostic implications. We conducted a systematic review of studies comparing the risk of clinical outcomes in individuals with and without CHIP. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE and included original research reporting an outcome risk measure in individuals with CHIP, adjusted for the effect of age.

Effect of Low-Dose Aspirin on the Course of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Secondary Analysis of the ASPREE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss in old age. There is no proven intervention to prevent AMD and, apart from lifestyle, nutritional, and supplement advice, there is no intervention to delay its progression.

Objective: To determine the impact of long-term low-dose aspirin on the incidence and progression of AMD.

Re-Identification of Subgenus Strains and Description of Three Unrecorded Species From Korea.

subgenus with nine section forms the second largest subgenus of the fungi that comes under the genus Species in this group of fungi are important as they are reported to play several important roles in the environment including influencing air quality in confined spaces, food spoilage, production of mycotoxins as well as in human pathogenicity. In the present study, 53 strains of subgenus (section: & ) isolated from Korea and preserved at the Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC) were subjected to re-identification by using a combined dataset of partial β-tubulin (), Calmodulin () gene sequences as well as their morphological data. We confirmed 14 species from 53 isolates in Korea.

Dry and liquid formulations of IBT-V02, a novel multi-component toxoid vaccine, are effective against isolates from low-to-middle income countries.

is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in the U.S. as well as more serious invasive diseases, including bacteremia, sepsis, endocarditis, surgical site infections, osteomyelitis, and pneumonia.

Modelling the impact of hybrid immunity on future COVID-19 epidemic waves.

Background: Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), there have been multiple waves of infection and multiple rounds of vaccination rollouts. Both prior infection and vaccination can prevent future infection and reduce severity of outcomes, combining to form hybrid immunity against COVID-19 at the individual and population level. Here, we explore how different combinations of hybrid immunity affect the size and severity of near-future Omicron waves.

Immunoglobulin replacement vs prophylactic antibiotics for hypogammaglobulinemia secondary to hematological malignancy.

Immunoglobulin replacement and prophylactic antibiotics are commonly used to prevent infections in patients with secondary hypogammaglobulinemia due to hematological malignancies but have never been directly compared. In this randomized controlled feasibility trial conducted in 7 hospitals in Australia and New Zealand, we enrolled patients with secondary hypogammaglobulinemia with either a history of recurrent/severe infection or an immunoglobulin G level <4 g/L. Participants were randomized in a 1:2 ratio to immunoglobulin (0.

Longitudinal dynamics of farmer and livestock nasal and faecal microbiomes and resistomes.

Globally, half a billion people are employed in animal agriculture and are directly exposed to the associated microorganisms. However, the extent to which such exposures affect resident human microbiomes is unclear. Here we conducted a longitudinal profiling of the nasal and faecal microbiomes of 66 dairy farmers and 166 dairy cows over a year-long period.

Impact of inpatient addiction psychiatry consultation on opioid use disorder outcomes.

Background And Objectives: Addiction consultation services provide access to specialty addiction care during general hospital admission. This study assessed opioid use disorder (OUD) outcomes associated with addiction consultation.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of individuals with OUD admitted to an academic medical center between 2018 and 2023.

Sero and Carriage Epidemiology of Pertussis in Urban and Rural Regions in Vietnam.

The underestimation of the pertussis burden prompted our study to investigate the prevalence of recent pertussis infection, its associated factors, and antibody titer changes in the same individuals in Vietnam. Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Nha Trang in 2017 and Quang Ngai in 2019, representing high- and low-vaccine-coverage areas, respectively. Serum anti-pertussis toxin immunoglobulin-G (anti-PT IgG) ≥ 62.

Advancing randomized controlled trial methodologies: The place of innovative trial design in eating disorders research.

Randomized controlled trials can be used to generate evidence on the efficacy and safety of new treatments in eating disorders research. Many of the trials previously conducted in this area have been deemed to be of low quality, in part due to a number of practical constraints. This article provides an overview of established and more innovative clinical trial designs, accompanied by pertinent examples, to highlight how design choices can enhance flexibility and improve efficiency of both resource allocation and participant involvement.

Effect of a Co-Located Bridging Recovery Initiative on Hospital Length of Stay Among Patients With Opioid Use Disorder: The BRIDGE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Co-located bridge clinics aim to facilitate a timely transition to outpatient care for inpatients with opioid use disorder (OUD); however, their effect on hospital length of stay (LOS) and postdischarge outcomes remains unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a co-located bridge clinic on hospital LOS among inpatients with OUD.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This parallel-group randomized clinical trial recruited 335 adult inpatients with OUD seen by an addiction consultation service and without an existing outpatient clinician to provide medication for OUD (MOUD) between November 25, 2019, and September 28, 2021, at a tertiary care hospital affiliated with a large academic medical center and its bridge clinic.