Correlation of RND efflux pump expression and AdeRS mutations in tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Thai clinical isolates.

Tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (TRAB) is increasing in Thailand, complicating antibiotic treatment due to limited antibiotic options. The specific resistance mechanism behind tigecycline resistance is still unclear, necessitating further investigation. We investigated the presence of OXA-type carbapenemases, the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, the inhibitory effect of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) on tigecycline susceptibility, the expression levels of RND-type efflux pumps and amino acid substitutions within a two-component regulatory system on 30 Thai clinical isolates.

Genetic analysis of emerging fungal pathogens: Trichosporon asahii.

Trichosporon asahii is an emerging opportunistic fungus that mainly causes fatal disseminated trichosporonosis, especially in immunocompromised patients. T. asahii infection has been reported in Thailand, but few studies of this fungus have been published.

SARS-CoV-2 Variants by Whole-Genome Sequencing in a University Hospital in Bangkok: First to Third COVID-19 Waves.

Background: Multiple severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants emerged globally during the recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. From April 2020 to April 2021, Thailand experienced three COVID-19 waves, and each wave was driven by different variants. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of circulating SARS-CoV-2 using whole-genome sequencing analysis.

Characterization of Virulence Factors in Species Causing Candidemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand.

Candidemia is often associated with high mortality, and and are common causes of this disease. The pathogenicity characteristics of specific spp. that cause candidemia in Thailand are poorly understood.

Molecular characterization and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens in an urban university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand.

Little is known about the properties of the current strains of Staphylococcus aureus associated with human infections in Thailand. This study examined the rate of resistance to various antimicrobial agents, prevalence of virulence genes, and biofilm formation ability of 60 clinical S. aureus isolates from a single Thai hospital.

Differential Interaction between Invasive Thai Group B Sequence Type 283 and Caco-2 Cells.

The emergence in Southeast Asia of invasive group B (GBS) infections in adults by sequence type (ST) 283 is suggested to be associated with fish consumption. Genotyping of 55 GBS clinical isolates revealed that 33/44 invasive isolates belonged to ST283/capsular polysaccharide type (CPS) III. This included 15/16 isolates recovered from younger adults aged 16-36 years.

Genotyping, antifungal susceptibility testing, and biofilm formation of Trichosporon spp. isolated from urine samples in a University Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand.

The basidiomycetes yeast Trichosporon is widespread in the natural environment, but can cause disease, mainly in immunocompromised patients. However, there have been only few studies about this infection in Thailand. In this study, we characterized 53 Trichosporon spp.

Whole genome sequence of pan drug-resistant clinical isolate of Acinetobacter baumannii ST1890.

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic gram-negative bacteria typically attributed to hospital-associated infection. It could also become multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan drug-resistant (PDR) during a short period. Although A.

A study to assess the efficacy of fractional carbon dioxide laser with topical platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.

Owing to the inadequate response to and limitations of the approved medications for androgenetic alopecia, novel therapies are warranted to enhance outcomes. The objective of this paper is to ascertain the effectiveness of fractional carbon dioxide laser followed by platelet-rich plasma application on hair regrowth and to compare the two laser settings. Seven participants were enrolled in this half-head pilot study based on different laser pulse energy and density values (12 mJ, 800 spots/cm and 22 mJ, 400 spots/cm).

Species Distribution, Antifungal Susceptibility, and Molecular Epidemiology of Species Causing Candidemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand.

species represent a common cause of bloodstream infection (BSI). Given the emergence of non-albicans (NAC) associated with treatment failure, investigations into the species distribution, fungal susceptibility profile, and molecular epidemiology of pathogens are necessary to optimize the treatment of candidemia and explore the transmission of drug resistance for control management. This study evaluated the prevalence, antifungal susceptibility, and molecular characteristics of species causing BSI in a tertiary-level hospital in Bangkok, Thailand.

MixInYeast: A Multicenter Study on Mixed Yeast Infections.

Invasive candidiasis remains one of the most prevalent systemic mycoses, and several studies have documented the presence of mixed yeast (MY) infections. Here, we describe the epidemiology, clinical, and microbiological characteristics of MY infections causing invasive candidiasis in a multicenter prospective study. Thirty-four centers from 14 countries participated.

Multi-locus Sequence Typing and Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Cryptococcus neoformans Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Vajira Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.

The basidiomycete yeast Cryptococcus neoformans causes disease in immunocompromized patients. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) technology provides insights into the molecular epidemiology of C. neoformans.

Suppression of the pathogenicity of Candida albicans by the quorum-sensing molecules farnesol and tryptophol.

This study examines the ability of the quorum-sensing molecules (QSMs) farnesol and tryptophol to induce programmed cell death of the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans, to alter the expression of apoptosis-related genes, and to reduce the pathogenicity and virulence of C. albicans in Galleria mellonella. Our results showed that both farnesol and tryptophol inhibited C.

Genetic variation analysis and relationships among environmental strains of Scedosporium apiospermum sensu stricto in Bangkok, Thailand.

The Scedosporium apiospermum species complex is an emerging filamentous fungi that has been isolated from environment. It can cause a wide range of infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. We aimed to study the genetic variation and relationships between 48 strains of S.

Common dermatophytes and in vitro anti-fungal susceptibility testing in patients attending the Dermatological Clinic at the Hospital for Tropical Medicine, Bangkok.

Dermatophytes comprising the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton are important causes of superficial mycoses. The number of infected patients and the distribution of species of these organisms in our hospital were unknown. We therefore aimed to investigate the clinical pattern of dermatophyte infections and to identify the species of these dermatophytes at the Dermatological Clinic of the Hospital for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok in a 1-year period.

GROWTH-INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF FARNESOL AGAINST SCEDOSPORIUM BOYDII AND LOMENTOSPORA PROLIFICANS.

Scedosporium boydii and Lomentospora prolificans are filamentous fungi reported to cause infection in immunocompromized individuals. We studied the effect of farnesol to inhibit growth of S. boydii and L.

Environmental Screening for the Scedosporium apiospermum Species Complex in Public Parks in Bangkok, Thailand.

The Scedosporium apiospermum species complex, comprising filamentous fungal species S. apiospermum sensu stricto, S. boydii, S.

Fungal quorum sensing molecules: Role in fungal morphogenesis and pathogenicity.

When microorganisms live together in high numbers, they need to communicate with each other. To achieve cell-cell communication, microorganisms secrete molecules called quorum-sensing molecules (QSMs) that control their biological activities and behaviors. Fungi secrete QSMs such as farnesol, tyrosol, phenylethanol, and tryptophol.

Evaluation of real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the diagnosis of cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis in a country with a high tuberculosis incidence.

Background: Tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) is the most common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Currently, the standard diagnostic test for TBL is culture, which takes more than several weeks to yield results. We studied a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cervical lymph node specimens obtained from patients in a country where the tuberculosis incidence is high.