Implementation of a Test, Treat, and Prevent HIV program among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Thailand, 2015-2016.

Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy reduces the risk of serious illness among people living with HIV and can prevent HIV transmission. We implemented a Test, Treat, and Prevent HIV Program among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women at five hospitals in four provinces of Thailand to increase HIV testing, help those who test positive start antiretroviral therapy, and increase access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP).

Methods: We implemented rapid HIV testing and trained staff on immediate antiretroviral initiation at the five hospitals and offered PrEP at two hospitals.

Implementation and assessment of a model to increase HIV testing among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Thailand, 2011-2016.

HIV testing among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender (TG) women remains low in Thailand. The HIV prevention program (PREV) to increase HIV testing and link those who tested HIV-positive to care provided trainings to peer educators to conduct target mapping, identify high risk MSM and TG women through outreach education and offer them rapid HIV testing. Trained hospital staff provided HIV testing and counseling with same-day results at hospitals and mobile clinics and referred HIV-positive participants for care and treatment.

Plasma nevirapine levels, adverse events and efficacy of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients concurrently receiving nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy and fluconazole.

Background: The clinical data of plasma NVP level, safety and efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the concurrent use of nevirapine (NVP)-based ART and fluconazole (FLU) is scanty.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in patients who were initiated NVP-based ART between October 2004 and November 2005. The objectives were to compare NVP levels, adverse events, and 36-week efficacy of NVP-based ART between patients who did not receive FLU (group A) and those who received FLU 200 mg/day or 400 mg/day (group B).

Nevirapine levels after discontinuation of rifampicin therapy and 60-week efficacy of nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis.

Seventy patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis coinfection who initiated nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy and had trough nevirapine levels determined while receiving rifampicin were enrolled in a study. After discontinuation of rifampicin therapy, mean nevirapine levels (+/- standard deviation) increased from 5.4+/-3.

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients receiving antituberculous and antiretroviral therapy.

Objective: To determine the frequency, risk factors and mortality rate of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) of tuberculosis (TB) in patients co-infected with HIV/TB and receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute and Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand.

Results: There were 167 patients with a mean age of 34.