and studies of alpha glucosidase inhibition and antifungal activity of husk.

The coffea husk, a protected agricultural crop, is abundant in Vietnam. Examining the effects of husk compounds on α-glucosidase and antifungal drug activity was the primary objective of this research. A cholestane-type steroid, coffeacanol A (1), was extracted from the ethyl acetate extract.

Supercritical CO assisted extraction of essential oil and naringin from peel: antimicrobial activity and docking study.

The extraction of bioactive compounds, including essential oils and flavonoids, using organic solvents is a significant environmental concern. In this work, waste peel was the ingredient used to extract essential oil and naringin by conducting a supercritical CO technique with a two stage process. In the first stage, the extraction with only supercritical CO solvent showed a significant enhancement of the d-limonene component, up to 95.

Dispersion of Endoplasmic Reticulum-associated Compartments by 4-phenyl Butyric Acid in Yeast Cells.

In yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, some aberrant multimembrane-spanning proteins are not transported to the cell surface but form and are accumulated in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived subcompartments, known as the ER-associated compartments (ERACs), which are observed as puncta under fluorescence microscopy. Here we show that a mutant of the cell surface protein Pma1, Pma1-2308, was accumulated in the ERACs, as well as the heterologously expressed mammalian cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), in yeast cells. Pma1-2308 and CFTR were located on the same ERACs.

The unfolded protein response alongside the diauxic shift of yeast cells and its involvement in mitochondria enlargement.

Upon dysfunction of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), eukaryotic cells evoke the unfolded protein response (UPR), which, in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisaie cells, is promoted by the ER-located transmembrane endoribonuclease Ire1. When activated, Ire1 splices and matures the HAC1 mRNA which encodes a transcription-factor protein that is responsible for the gene induction of the UPR. Here we propose that this signaling pathway is also used in cellular adaptation upon diauxic shift, in which cells shift from fermentative phase (fast growth) to mitochondrial respiration phase (slower growth).

A chimeric mutant analysis in yeast cells suggests BiP independent regulation of the mammalian endoplasmic reticulum-stress sensor IRE1α.

An endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-located transmembrane protein, Ire1, triggers cytoprotective events upon ER stress. Chimeric yeast Ire1 carrying the luminal domain of the mammalian major Ire1 paralogue IRE1α is upregulated in ER-stressed yeast cells, but is poorly associated with the ER-located chaperone BiP even under non-stressed conditions. This observation contradicts the theory that BiP is the master regulator of IRE1α.

Corallivory and the microbial debacle in two branching scleractinians.

The grazing activity by specific marine organisms represents a growing threat to the survival of many scleractinian species. For example, the recent proliferation of the corallivorous gastropod Drupella now constitutes a critical case in all South-East Asian waters. If the damaging effects caused by this marine snail on coral polyps are relatively well known, the indirect incidence of predation on coral microbial associates is still obscure and might also potentially impair coral health.