Methanol Activation: Strategies for Utilization of Methanol as C1 Building Block in Sustainable Organic Synthesis.

The development of efficient and sustainable chemical processes which use greener reagents and solvents, currently play an important role in current research. Methanol, a cheap and readily available resource from chemical industry, could be activated by transition metal catalysts. This review focuses in covering the recent five-years literature and provides a systematic summary of strategies for methanol activation and the use in organic chemistry.

Evaluation of the gastric conduit perfusion using indocyanine green in thoracoscopic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Objective: Indocyanine green has been used in the assessment of the gastric conduit perfusion in thoracoscopic esophagectomy to prevent malperfusion-associated anastomotic leak. This study aims to evaluate the initial results of investigating the gastric conduit perfusion with indocyanine green in the surgical treatment of esophageal cancer.

Patients And Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 54 esophageal cancer patients undergoing thoracoscopic esophagectomy and gastric conduit reconstruction.

Effect of BiMoO Morphology on Adsorption and Visible-Light-Driven Degradation of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid.

The development of highly efficient and stable visible-light-driven photocatalysts for the removal of herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) from water is still a challenge. In this work, BiMoO (BMO) materials with different morphology were successfully prepared via a simple hydrothermal method by altering the solvent. The morphology of the BMO material is mainly influenced by the solvent used in the synthesis (HO, ethanol, and ethylene glycol or their mixtures) and to a lesser extent by subsequent thermal annealing.

Highly Efficient Removal of 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid by Adsorption and Photocatalysis Using Nanomaterials with Surface Coating by the Cationic Surfactant.

Extensive removal of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T) using titania (TiO) nanoparticles by adsorption and photocatalysis with a surface coating by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is reported. The CTAB-coated TiO nanoparticles (CCTN) were characterized by FT-IR, zeta-potential measurements, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis-DRS). 2,4,5-T removal increased significantly after surface modification with CTAB compared with bare TiO nanoparticles.

Hyponutrition among newly diagnosed gastric cancer.

Objectives: This study aims to determine the malnutrition status among Vietnamese patients newly diagnosed with gastric cancer (GC).

Background: GC remains the top rank of common and deadly diseases. With limited clinical manifestation, most GC patients were diagnosed at late stages when tumor is not radically resected.

Bacterial community composition in a two-stage anaerobic membrane bioreactor for co-digestion of food waste and food court wastewater.

This study investigated the microbial community of a two-stage anaerobic membrane bioreactor (2S-AnMBR) co-digesting food waste and food court wastewater. The hydrolysis reactor (HR) was dominated by Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phylum, with genus Lactobacillus enriched due to food waste fermentation. The up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) was dominated by genus such as Methanobacterium and Methanosaeta.

The diagnostic and prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on gastric cancer patients.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the remaining concern of cancer-associated health burden. Valuable predictive and prognostic indicators support the early diagnosis and improve outcome. Immune escape and inflammation are important cancer hallmarks.

Removal of Acid Orange G Azo Dye by Polycation-Modified Alpha Alumina Nanoparticles.

Highly positively charged poly(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride) (PVBMA) was successfully synthesized with approximately 82% of yield. The PVBMA was characterized by the molecular weight (M ) of 343.45 g mol and the molecular weight distribution, (Đ) of 2.

Adsorptive removal of dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) using novel nanoparticles based on cationic surfactant-coated titania nanoparticles.

A novel nanomaterial based on cationic surfactant-coated TiO nanoparticle (CCTN) was systematically fabricated in this work. Synthesized titania nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized by XRD, FT-IR, HR-TEM, TEM-EDX, SEM with EDX mapping, BET, and ζ potential measurements. The adsorption of cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), on TiO was studied under various pH and ionic strength conditions.

Two-stage anaerobic membrane bioreactor for co-treatment of food waste and kitchen wastewater for biogas production and nutrients recovery.

Co-digestion of organic waste and wastewater is receiving increased attention as a plausible waste management approach toward energy recovery. However, traditional anaerobic processes for co-digestion are particularly susceptible to severe organic loading rates (OLRs) under long-term treatment. To enhance technological feasibility, this work presented a two-stage Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (2 S-AnMBR) composed of a hydrolysis reactor (HR) followed by an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) for long-term co-digestion of food waste and kitchen wastewater.

Highly adsorptive protein inorganic nanohybrid of Moringa seeds protein and rice husk nanosilica for effective adsorption of pharmaceutical contaminants.

The present study aims to investigate adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of Moringa (MO) seeds protein on nanosilica rice husk and their applications in removal of pharmaceutical residues including the fluoroquinolone antibiotic levofloxacin (LFX) and the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (DCF) in aquatic environment. Molecular weight of MO protein was determined by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) method while its amino acids were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The number-(M) and weight-average molecular weights (M) of MO protein were 1.

Adsorptive Removal of Azo Dye New Coccine Using High-Performance Adsorbent-Based Polycation-Modified Nano-Alpha Alumina Particles.

The azo dyes new coccine (NCC) were successfully removed through the adsorption onto PVBTAC-modified -AlO particles. The optimal conditions of both the surface modification by PVBTAC adsorption and the NCC adsorption were thoroughly investigated. Formerly, polycations PVBTAC were adsorbed onto the nanosized -AlO particles at 8, NaCl 100 mM, with a contact time of 2 h, and initial concentration of 1000 ppm to modify the -AlO surface.

Influence of Brønsted and Lewis acidity of the modified Al-MCM-41 solid acid on cellulose conversion and 5-hydroxylmethylfurfuran selectivity.

The modified Al-MCM-41 solid acids with turning Si/Al molar ratio were successfully fabricated through a hydrothermal route and utilized as a suitable catalyst in the cellulose conversion into 5-hydroxylmethylfurfural (5-HMF). The crystal structure, composition, morphologies and porosity of as-synthesized acids were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, N adsorption-desorption, TEM and EDS. The Al MAS NMR and Si-MAS NMR results revealed the existence of both Al framework and Al extra framework.

Removal of Lindane from Aqueous Solution Using Aluminum Hydroxide Nanoparticles with Surface Modification by Anionic Surfactant.

In the present study, we investigated the removal of an emerging pesticide lindane from aqueous solution using synthesized aluminum hydroxide Al(OH) (bayerite) nanomaterials with surface modification by an anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The Al(OH) nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and zeta potential. The lindane removal using SDS-modified nano-aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles (SMNAH) achieved removal of up to 93.

Degradation of glyphosate herbicide by an electro-Fenton process using carbon felt cathode.

An electro-Fenton system, which consists of a Pt gauze anode and a commercial carbon felt cathode, is commonly employed to generate hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical and regenerate ferrous catalyst for glyphosate degradation (a widely used herbicide in Vietnam) in aqueous solution. The absorbance measurements used to determine the glyphosate concentration during the electrolysis proved that glyphosate was degraded by pseudo-first-order kinetic. The influence of pH, current density, catalyst concentration and initial content of the glyphosate on mineralisation efficiency were studied by monitoring the total organic carbon (TOC) and hydrogen peroxide concentration during electrolysis.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Modification of Alumina Nanoparticles for Cationic Dye Removal.

In the present study, alumina nanoparticles (nano-alumina) which were successfully fabricated by solvothermal method, were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer⁻Emmett⁻Teller (BET) methods. The removal of cationic dye, Rhodamine B (RhB), through adsorption method using synthesized nano-alumina with surface modification by anionic surfactant was also investigated. An anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used to modify nano-alumina surface at low pH and high ionic strength increased the removal efficiency of RhB significantly.

Rutile TiO nanocrystals with exposed {331} facets for enhanced photocatalytic CO reduction activity.

Rutile TiO nanocrystals with exposed high-index facets have been investigated in detail by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and selected-area electron diffraction (SAED). It was found that the each branched nanocrystal is bound by 4 facets of high-index {331}. Additionally, rutile {101} twinned structures are formed in the boundary of branches during the growth of multi branches in a hierarchical flower-like nanostructures.

Electrochemical degradation and mineralization of glyphosate herbicide.

The presence of herbicide is a concern for both human and ecological health. Glyphosate is occasionally detected as water contaminants in agriculture areas where the herbicide is used extensively. The removal of glyphosate in synthetic solution using advanced oxidation process is a possible approach for remediation of contaminated waters.

Microbiologic characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium tetani isolated from wounds of patients with clinically diagnosed tetanus.

Clostridium tetani is the etiologic agent of the muscle-spasming disease tetanus. Despite an effective vaccine, tetanus is an ongoing problem in some developing countries. Diagnosis by bacterial culture is not done because it is generally unnecessary and the entry of route of the bacteria can be inapparent.