Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is an opportunistic disease in immunocompromised patients that may appear without symptoms, with constitutional symptoms, or as a tissue-invasive disease. infection often manifests with non-specific symptoms; however, it can lead to severe malabsorption and extraintestinal dissemination by accelerated autoinfection. The coinfection of CMV and has rarely been reported, particularly with solely severe gastrointestinal bleeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Monit Assess
October 2024
The present investigation evaluates three satellite precipitation products (SPPs), Multi-Source Weighted-Ensemble Precipitation (MSWEP), Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), Climate Hazard Infrared Precipitation with Station Data (CHIRPS), and two reanalysis datasets, namely, the ERA5 atmosphere reanalysis dataset (ERA5) and Indian Monsoon Data Assimilation and Analysis (IMDAA), against the good quality gridded reference dataset (1991-2022) developed by the India Meteorological Department (IMD). The evaluation was carried out in terms of the rainfall detection ability and estimation accuracy of the products using metrics such as the false alarm ratio (FAR), probability of detection (POD), misses, root mean square error (RMSE), and percent bias (PBIAS). Among all the rainfall products, ERA5 had the best ability to capture rainfall events with a higher POD, followed by MSWEP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis work explores strategies for electrokinetic preconcentration of extracellular vesicles (EVs) that are potential source of biomarkers for different diseases. The first approach that led to successful preconcentration of EVs is based on large volume sample stacking (LVSS), allowing an enrichment factor of 7 for CE of EVs with long-end injection (using a capillary with an effective length of 50 cm). Attempts were also made to perform multiple cycles of LVSS, field amplified sample stacking (FASS) and field amplified sample injection (FASI), to improve EVs preconcentration performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aims to synthesize a guest-host complex derived from rutin (Rut) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (denoted as [Rut⊂β-CD]). The obtained substance was characterized by the FT-IR and DSC methods, signifying the formation of an inclusion complex between Rut and β-CD. Complex formation increased the antioxidant activity of rutin corresponding to the decrease of EC values from 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeveral glycoproteins are validated biomarkers of various diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, chronic alcohol abuse, or congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). In particular, CDG represent a group of more than 150 inherited diseases with varied symptoms affecting multiple organs. The distribution of glycans from target glycoprotein(s) can be used to extract information to help the diagnosis and possibly differentiate subtypes of CDG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCytochrome P450s (CYPs) regulate plant growth and stress responses by producing diverse primary and secondary metabolites. However, the function of many plant CYPs remains unknown because, despite their structural similarity, predicting the enzymatic activity of CYPs is difficult. In this study, one member of the CYP736A subfamily (CYP736A61) from tomatoes was isolated and characterized its enzymatic functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEthanol is the most commonly encountered substance in forensic toxicology. Determining blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in autopsies accounts for the majority of work in forensic diagnosis. The most common method to assess BAC is the enzymatic oxidation method because of its low cost, easy operation, and high throughput.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we review various strategies to couple sample processing in microfluidic droplets with different separation techniques, including liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis. Separation techniques interfaced with droplet microfluidics represent an emerging trend in analytical chemistry, in which micro to femtoliter droplets serve as microreactors, a bridge between analytical modules, as well as carriers of target analytes between sample treatment and separation/detection steps. This allows to overcome the hurdles encountered in separation science, notably the low degree of module integration, working volume incompatibility, and cross contamination between different operational stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Crit Care Med
April 2024
Objectives: Profound dengue shock syndrome (DSS) complicated by severe respiratory failure necessitating mechanical ventilation (MV) accounts for high case fatality rates among PICU-admitted patients. A major challenge to management is the assessment of intravascular volume, which can be hampered by severe plasma leakage and the use of MV.
Design: Retrospective cohort, from 2013 to 2021.
In this study, the aerial parts of mature Vietnamese plants were put through cytotoxic, anti-diabetic, and phytocompositional evaluations. Specifically, four extracts (petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA), methanol (Me), and aqueous (W)) were prepared by maceration at room temperature. All extracts, together with some isolated compounds, were investigated for cytotoxicity against some human normal and cancer cell lines (fibroblasts, HeLa, NCI-H460, HepG2, MCF-7, and Jurkat) using the standardized modified sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study reports the development of a Taylor Dispersion Analysis (TDA) method for the size characterization of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), which are highly heterogeneous nanoscale cell-derived vesicles (30-1000 nm). Here, we showed that TDA, conducted in uncoated fused silica capillaries (50 µm i.d.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a prevalent type of liver cancer, is mainly diagnosed in the advanced stage, leading to a high mortality rate. Recent advances have identified peripheral cytokines as a potential tool to predict disease outcomes and inform therapeutic decisions. Hence, in this study, we aim to build a predictive model for HCC based on serum levels of different cytokines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Complicated appendicitis, a potentially life-threatening condition, is common. However, the diagnosis of this condition is mainly based on physician's experiences and advanced diagnostic equipment. This study built and validated machine learning models to facilitate the detection of complicated appendicitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study reports on the development of a new concept of on-line dual preconcentration stages for capillary electrophoresis (CE), in which two completely different preconcentration approaches can be realized in the same capillary. In the first stage, a dynamic magneto-extraction of target analytes on circulating magnetic beads is implemented within the capillary. In the second one, electrokinetic preconcentration of eluted analytes via large volume sample stacking is carried out to focus them into a nano band, prior to CE separation of enriched analytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Paediatric dengue-associated acute liver failure (PALF) is a rare and fatal complication. To date, clinical data regarding the combination of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for the treatment of dengue-associated PALF are limited.
Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective study of all children with dengue-associated PALF admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit of Children Hospital No.
This context presents the study of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) to obtain phenolic and flavonoid compounds from watermelon rind powder (WRP). The antioxidant activity of the extracts was investigated using DPPH and ABTS assays. One-factor experiments were conducted to examine the effect of each factor (solid-to-liquid ratio (SLR), acetone concentration (AC), temperature, and time) on the UAE of WRP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeoiled coconut cake powder (DCCP) was hydrolyzed to reduce the ratio of insoluble/soluble dietary fiber (RIS) by partially converting insoluble dietary fiber to soluble using Celluclast 1.5 L, a commercial cellulase preparation in citrate buffer medium. Firstly, the influence of citrate buffer amount, enzyme concentration, pH, and retention time on the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency was investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe present in this study a new microfluidic droplet platform, named Lab-in-Droplet, for multistep glycoprotein sample treatment. Several operations are required for the sample treatment of a given glycoprotein to profile its N-glycans. In our case, all preparation steps for the analysis of N-glycans from glycoproteins could be realized in an automatic manner and without cross contamination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we present a new approach for in-capillary fluorescent labeling of N-glycans prior to their analysis with CE coupled with laser-induced fluorescent detection. This integrated approach allows using a CE capillary as a microreactor to perform several steps required for labeling glycans with 8-aminopyrene-1,3,6 trisulfonic acid and at the same time as a separation channel for CE of fluorescently labeled glycans. This could be achieved through careful optimization of all different steps, including sequential injections of fluorescent dye and glycan plugs, mixing by transverse diffusion of laminar flow profiles, incubation in a thermostatic zone, and finally separation and detection with CE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we present a novel microfluidic droplet-based strategy for high performance isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs). For EVs capture and release, a magnetic bead-based approach without having recourse to any antibody was optimized in batch and then adapted to the microfluidic droplet system. This antibody-free capture approach relies on the presence of a water-excluding polymer, polyethylene glycol (PEG), to precipitate EVs on the surface of negatively charged magnetic beads.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) is involved in the pathogenesis of different inflammatory diseases, including cancer, and its monitoring could help diagnosis, prognosis of relapse-free survival and recurrence. Here, we report an innovative microfluidic approach that uses the fluidization of magnetic beads to specifically extract, preconcentrate and fluorescently detect IL-6 directly on-chip. We assess how the physical properties of the beads can be tuned to improve assay performance by enhancing mass transport, reduce non-specific binding and multiply the detection signal threefold by transitioning between packed and fluidization states.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAscorbate is an essential antioxidant substance for humans. Due to the lack of ascorbate biosynthetic enzyme, a human must intake ascorbate from the food source. Tomato is one of the most widely consumed fruits, thus elevation of ascorbate content in tomato fruits will improve their nutritional value.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe existing literature is limited on the prevalence of depression among people with respiratory conditions and person-level factors that are associated with increased healthcare utilization and expenditures. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence, pattern of healthcare use, and expenditures in noninstitutionalized individuals having co-occurring depression with respiratory conditions. The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data from 2011 to 2017 was used in this study.
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