Polo-like Kinase 1 Predicts Lymph Node Metastasis in Middle Eastern Colorectal Cancer Patients; Its Inhibition Reverses 5-Fu Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a serine/threonine-protein kinase essential for regulating multiple stages of cell cycle progression in mammals. Aberrant regulation of PLK1 has been observed in numerous human cancers and is linked to poor prognoses. However, its role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Middle East remains unexplored.

PLK1 and FoxM1 expressions positively correlate in papillary thyroid carcinoma and their combined inhibition results in synergistic anti-tumor effects.

Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1; also known as serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1) serves as a central player in cell proliferation, exerting critical regulatory roles in mitotic processes and cell survival. We conducted an analysis of PLK1 protein expression in a large cohort of samples from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients and examined its functional significance in PTC cell lines, both in vitro and in vivo. PLK1 overexpression was noted in 54.

PLK1 and PARP positively correlate in Middle Eastern breast cancer and their combined inhibition overcomes PARP inhibitor resistance in triple negative breast cancer.

Background: Despite advancements in treatment approaches, patients diagnosed with aggressive breast cancer (BC) subtypes typically face an unfavorable prognosis. Globally, these cancers continue to pose a significant threat to women's health, leading to substantial morbidity and mortality. Consequently, there has been a significant struggle to identify viable molecular targets for therapeutic intervention in these patients.

Overexpression of the pro-protein convertase furin predicts prognosis and promotes papillary thyroid carcinoma progression and metastasis through RAF/MEK signaling.

Furin belongs to the pro-protein convertases (PCs) family and its aberrant expression has been documented in various types of cancers; however, its role in thyroid cancer remains unclear. We investigated the expression of furin in a large cohort of Middle Eastern papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patient samples and explored its functional role and mechanism in PTC cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Furin overexpression was observed in 44.

Use of Sodium-Glucose Transport Protein 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitor Remogliflozin and Possibility of Acute Kidney Injury in Type-2 Diabetes.

The major trials, e.g., EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CANVAS, and CREDENCE, showed the renal and cardiovascular benefit of sodium-glucose transport protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors.

Krupple-Like Factor 5 is a Potential Therapeutic Target and Prognostic Marker in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. Despite current therapeutic and surgical options, advanced EOC shows poor prognosis. Identifying novel molecular therapeutic targets is highly needed in the management of EOC.

TGFβ-induced SMAD4-dependent Apoptosis Proceeded by EMT in CRC.

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In Saudi Arabia, colorectal cancer is more aggressive and presents at younger age, warranting new treatment strategies. Role of TGFβ/Smad4 signaling pathway in initiation and progression of colorectal cancer is well documented.

FoxM1 is an independent poor prognostic marker and therapeutic target for advanced Middle Eastern breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death in females in Saudi Arabia. BC in Saudi women tend to behave more aggressively than breast cancer in the West. Therefore, identification of new molecular targets and treatment strategies are highly warranted to improve patient outcome.

Synthesis, characterization, antiproliferative and molecular docking study of new half sandwich Ir(III), Rh(III) and Ru(II) complexes.

The new carbazole N,N' ligand containing [(η(5)-C5Me5)MCl(L)]PF6, (M=Ir (1) and Rh (2)) and [(η(6)-C6H6)RuCl(L)]PF6 (3) (C5Me5=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, L=9-ethyl-N-(pyridine-2-yl methylene)-9H-carbazole-3-amine) complexes has been synthesized and characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, 2D NMR, melting point analysis, electronic absorption, infrared spectroscopy, HR-Mass spectroscopy and elemental analyses. The crystal structure of the [(η(5)-C5Me5)RhCl(L)]PF6 has been confirmed by single crystal XRD. The anticancer study of the synthesized complexes 1-3 clearly showed a potent inhibitor of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) under in vitro conditions.

Dual Targeting of mTOR Activity with Torin2 Potentiates Anticancer Effects of Cisplatin in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) are two key components of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Dysregulation of these pathways have been found in many cancers, including epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), however, the role of mTOR has not been fully elucidated in Middle Eastern EOC. Therefore, we investigated the activation of mTOR complexes (mTORC1 and mTORC2) in a cohort of 156 EOC from Saudi Arabia by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray format.

Gallic acid protects RINm5F beta-cells from glucolipotoxicity by its antiapoptotic and insulin-secretagogue actions.

Gallic acid is claimed to possess antioxidant, antiinflammatory and cytoprotective effects. Since pancreatic islets from Type 2 diabetic patients have functional defects, it was hypothesized that glucolipotoxicity might induce apoptosis in beta-cells and gallic acid could offer protection. To test this, RINm5F beta-cells were exposed to high glucose (25 microM) or palmitate (500 microM) or a combination of both for 24 h in the presence and absence of gallic acid.

Curcumin modulates SDF-1alpha/CXCR4-induced migration of human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs).

Purpose: The stromal-derived factor (SDF)-1alpha and the CXC receptor (CXCR)-4 jointly regulate the trafficking of various cell types and play a pivotal role in cell migration, proliferation, and survival. The purpose of this study was to assess whether curcumin inhibits human retinal endothelial cell (HREC) migration by interfering with SDF-1alpha/CXCR4 signaling.

Methods: Primary HREC culture was established and maintained in endothelial growth medium.