Interface Engineering of Network-Like 1D/2D (NHCNT/Ni─MOF) Hybrid Nanoarchitecture for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting.

Here, integrated functional components into a hybrid heterostructure via highly stabilized network-like interconnected electronic nanoarchitecture of 1D N-doped holey-carbon nanotube (NHCNT) with 2D nickel─metal-organic framework (Ni─MOF) nanosheets are developed as high-performance electrocatalyst for overall water splitting. The NHCNT promoting electron transport pathways in electrocatalyst, and formation of holes in nanotubes further enables excellent diffusion of ions for promoting the overall reaction rate. An excellent combination of 1D/2D structure of NHCNT/Ni─MOF-4 electrocatalyst exhibits excellent oxygen evolution reaction (η = 207.

FeO/Ni Nanocomposite Electrocatalyst on Cellulose for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction and Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

A key challenge in the development of sustainable water-splitting (WS) systems is the formulation of electrodes by efficient combinations of electrocatalyst and binder materials. Cellulose, a biopolymer, can be considered an excellent dispersing agent and binder that can replace high-cost synthetic polymers to construct low-cost electrodes. Herein, a novel electrocatalyst was fabricated by combining FeO and Ni on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) without the use of any additional binder.

Green interconnected network structure of chitosan-microcrystalline cellulose-lignin biopolymer film for active packaging applications.

As an excellent alternative to petroleum-based food packaging materials, a novel green hybrid composite film with an excellent interconnected network structure was successfully fabricated by integrating chitosan (chi), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), and lignin nanoparticles (LNP), including the desired amount of plasticizer glycerol (gly). Overall, 36 combinations were developed and investigated for superior biocomposite film formation. Among the various concentration ratios, the 40:35:25 chi-MCC-gly film provided well-organized film formation, good physicochemical properties, mechanical stability, efficient water contact angle, reduced water solubility, and lower water vapor permeability (11.

Investigating the Sulfonated Chitosan/Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Based Proton Exchange Membrane with fSiO as Filler in Microbial Fuel Cells.

Chitosan (CS), a promising potential biopolymer with exquisite biocompatibility, economic viability, hydrophilicity, and chemical modifications, has drawn interest as an alternative material for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fabrication. However, CS in its original form exhibited low proton conductivity and mechanical stability, restricting its usage in PEM development. In this work, chitosan was functionalized (sulfonic acid (-SOH) groups)) to enhance proton conductivity.

Sonication strategy for anchoring single metal atom oxides (W, Cu, Co) on CeO-rGO for boosting electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction.

In the field of electrocatalysis, single-atomic-layer tungsten, copper, and cobalt oxide on CeO, ethylene diamine (ED) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) supported materials shows tremendous potential. Despite the enormous interest in single metal atom oxide (SMAO) catalysts, it is still very difficult to directly convert readily available bulk metal oxide into single atom oxide. It is crucial and tough to create high performance materials for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in an alkaline environment.

Fabrication of Cellulose Acetate-Based Proton Exchange Membrane with Sulfonated SiO and Plasticizers for Microbial Fuel Cell Applications.

Developing a hybrid composite polymer membrane with desired functional and intrinsic properties has gained significant consideration in the fabrication of proton exchange membranes for microbial fuel cell applications. Among the different polymers, a naturally derived cellulose biopolymer has excellent benefits over synthetic polymers derived from petrochemical byproducts. However, the inferior physicochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of biopolymers limit their benefits.

Effect of Sulfonated Inorganic Additives Incorporated Hybrid Composite Polymer Membranes on Enhancing the Performance of Microbial Fuel Cells.

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) provide considerable benefits in the energy and environmental sectors for producing bioenergy during bioremediation. Recently, new hybrid composite membranes with inorganic additives have been considered for MFC application to replace the high cost of commercial membranes and improve the performances of cost-effective polymers, such as MFC membranes. The homogeneous impregnation of inorganic additives in the polymer matrix effectively enhances the physicochemical, thermal, and mechanical stabilities and prevents the crossover of substrate and oxygen through polymer membranes.

Modified Cellulose Proton-Exchange Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells.

A direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is an excellent energy device in which direct conversion of methanol to energy occurs, resulting in a high energy conversion rate. For DMFCs, fluoropolymer copolymers are considered excellent proton-exchange membranes (PEMs). However, the high cost and high methanol permeability of commercial membranes are major obstacles to overcome in achieving higher performance in DMFCs.

Recent Developments on Bioinspired Cellulose Containing Polymer Nanocomposite Cation and Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells (PEMFC and AFC).

Hydrogen fuel cell (FC) technologies are being worked on as a possible replacement for fossil fuels because they produce a lot of energy and do not pollute the air. In FC, ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are the vital components for ion transport between two porous electrodes. However, the high production cost of commercialized membranes limits their benefits.

Impact of Polymers on Magnesium-Based Hydrogen Storage Systems.

In the present scenario, much importance has been provided to hydrogen energy systems (HES) in the energy sector because of their clean and green behavior during utilization. The developments of novel techniques and materials have focused on overcoming the practical difficulties in the HES (production, storage and utilization). Comparatively, considerable attention needs to be provided in the hydrogen storage systems (HSS) because of physical-based storage (compressed gas, cold/cryo compressed and liquid) issues such as low gravimetric/volumetric density, storage conditions/parameters and safety.