The time has come: discussing the clinical neuropsychology provider's role in cultural respect and inclusion.

There has been both a national and global emphasis within the past 3 years to promote diversity, equity, inclusion (DEI), and cultural respect in healthcare and academia. One discipline and healthcare arena where this has been evident is the psychology field. Indeed, there has been rampant and widespread adoption and advancement of DEI and cultural respect across most of psychology.

Verbal Learning and Memory Deficits across Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Insights from an ENIGMA Mega Analysis.

Deficits in memory performance have been linked to a wide range of neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. While many studies have assessed the memory impacts of individual conditions, this study considers a broader perspective by evaluating how memory recall is differentially associated with nine common neuropsychiatric conditions using data drawn from 55 international studies, aggregating 15,883 unique participants aged 15-90. The effects of dementia, mild cognitive impairment, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, stroke, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder on immediate, short-, and long-delay verbal learning and memory (VLM) scores were estimated relative to matched healthy individuals.

Establishing a Cell-Free Glycoprotein Synthesis System for Enzymatic -GlcNAcylation.

-linked glycosylation plays a key role in the efficacy of many therapeutic proteins. One limitation to the bacterial glycoengineering of human -linked glycans is the difficulty of installing a single -acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), the reducing end sugar of many human-type glycans, onto asparagine in a single step (-GlcNAcylation). Here, we develop an method for -GlcNAcylating proteins using the oligosaccharyltransferase PglB from .

An observation-based, reduced-form model for oxidation in the remote marine troposphere.

The hydroxyl radical (OH) fuels atmospheric chemical cycling as the main sink for methane and a driver of the formation and loss of many air pollutants, but direct OH observations are sparse. We develop and evaluate an observation-based proxy for short-term, spatial variations in OH (Proxy) in the remote marine troposphere using comprehensive measurements from the NASA Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) airborne campaign. Proxy is a reduced form of the OH steady-state equation representing the dominant OH production and loss pathways in the remote marine troposphere, according to box model simulations of OH constrained with ATom observations.

A Cell-Free Protein Synthesis Platform to Produce a Clinically Relevant Allergen Panel.

Allergens are used in the clinical diagnosis (e.g., skin tests) and treatment (e.

GlycoCAP: A Cell-Free, Bacterial Glycosylation Platform for Building Clickable Azido-Sialoglycoproteins.

Glycan-binding receptors known as lectins represent a class of potential therapeutic targets. Yet, the therapeutic potential of targeting lectins remains largely untapped due in part to limitations in tools for building glycan-based drugs. One group of desirable structures is proteins with noncanonical glycans.

Psychological grit moderates the relation between lifetime stressor exposure and functional outcomes among HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative adults.

The ability to maintain functional independence throughout the lifespan may be diminished among medically compromised and chronically stressed populations. People living with HIV are more likely to demonstrate functional impairment and report greater exposure to lifetime and chronic stressors than their seronegative counterparts. It is well-known that exposure to stressors and adversity is associated with functional impairment outcomes.

The Future of Cognitive Screening in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Cognitive screening instruments (CSI) have variable sensitivity and specificity to the cognitive changes associated with dementia syndromes, and the most recent systematic review found insufficient evidence to support the benefit of cognitive screening tools in older adults residing within the community. Consequently, there is a critical need to improve CSI methods, which have not yet incorporated advances in psychometrics, neuroscience, and technology. The primary goal of this article is to provide a framework for transitioning from legacy CSIs to advanced dementia screening measurement.

Point-of-Care Peptide Hormone Production Enabled by Cell-Free Protein Synthesis.

In resource-limited settings, it can be difficult to safely deliver sensitive biologic medicines to patients due to cold chain and infrastructure constraints. Point-of-care drug manufacturing could circumvent these challenges since medicines could be produced locally and used on-demand. Toward this vision, we combine cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) and a 2-in-1 affinity purification and enzymatic cleavage scheme to develop a platform for point-of-care drug manufacturing.

The Evolution of Assessing Central Nervous System Complications in Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Where Do We Go From Here?

In this fifth decade of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, central nervous system (CNS) complications including cognitive impairment and mental health remain a burden for people with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy. Despite the persistence of these complications, which often co-occur, the underlying pathophysiology remains elusive and consequently treatments remain limited. To continue to grow our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of CNS complications among PWH, there is a need to reexamine our current approaches, which are now more than 2 decades old.

Drug delivery targets and strategies to address mast cell diseases.

Introduction: Current and developing mast cell therapeutics are reliant on small molecule drugs and biologics, but few are truly selective for mast cells. Most have cellular and disease-specific limitations that require innovation to overcome longstanding challenges to selectively targeting and modulating mast cell behavior. This review is designed to serve as a frame of reference for new approaches that utilize nanotechnology or combine different drugs to increase mast cell selectivity and therapeutic efficacy.

Engagement, Use, and Impact of Digital Mental Health Resources for Diverse Populations in COVID-19: Community-Partnered Evaluation.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic increased disparities for communities burdened by structural barriers such as reduced affordable housing, with mental health consequences. Limited data are available on digital resources for public mental health prevention during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: The study aim was to evaluate engagement in and impact of free digital resources on the Together for Wellness/Juntos por Nuestro Bienestar (T4W/Juntos) website during COVID-19 in California.

Prefrontal Cortex Volume Mediates the Relationship Between Lifetime Chronic Stressor Exposure and Cognition in People Living With and Without HIV.

Objective: Despite considerable research documenting how stress affects brain and neurobehavioral outcomes, few studies have assessed stressor exposure occurring over the entire life span, and no studies have investigated these associations in people living with HIV (PLWH), despite the high stress and disease burden experienced by this population. To address this issue, we examined how cumulative lifetime chronic stressor exposure related to cognition and brain integrity (i.e.

Racial differences in health and cognition as a function of HIV among older adults.

The present study investigated the contribution of health risk factors (using the Charlson Comorbidity Index [CCI]) on cognitive outcomes in a sample of 380 HIV-positive (HIV+;  = 221) and HIV-seronegative (HIV-;  = 159) African American and European American adults aged 50+. Participants were recruited from HIV clinics and community advertisements. HIV status was confirmed by serological testing.

Socioeconomic Mobility and Psychological and Cognitive Functioning in a Diverse Sample of Adults With and Without HIV.

Objective: This cross-sectional study examined the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) mobility from childhood to adulthood on psychological and cognitive well-being in African American and non-Hispanic White HIV-positive (HIV+) and HIV-seronegative (HIV-) adults who are part of an ongoing study investigating psychosocial and neurobehavioral effects of HIV.

Methods: Participants (N = 174, 24.1% female, 59.

Creating an antiracist psychology by addressing professional complicity in psychological assessment.

The acceptance of racist practices in psychological assessment, like the use of racist stimuli in testing material, has gone unchallenged for far too long. Such practices are emblematic of the entrenched systems of structural racism and pernicious presence of anti-Black oppression within psychology and beyond. This article brings into focus one glaring example: the inclusion of a noose as an item in one of the most widely used standardized tests in neuropsychology-the Boston Naming Test.

Suubi+Adherence-Round 2: A study protocol to examine the longitudinal HIV treatment adherence among youth living with HIV transitioning into young adulthood in Southern Uganda.

Background: Youth living with HIV (YLHIV) in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) are less likely to adhere to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and other health-related regimens. As a consequence, YLHIV are not only at risk for health problems and mental health comorbidities, but are also at risk for cognitive deficits, including in areas of memory and executive functioning. The Suubi+Adherence study followed 702 adolescents (10-16 years of age) receiving bolstered standard of care and a family economic empowerment intervention comprising an incentivized youth financial savings account (YSA) augmented with financial literacy training (FLT) and peer mentorship.

Association of Immunosuppression and Viral Load With Subcortical Brain Volume in an International Sample of People Living With HIV.

Importance: Despite more widely accessible combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV-1 infection remains a global public health challenge. Even in treated patients with chronic HIV infection, neurocognitive impairment often persists, affecting quality of life. Identifying the neuroanatomical pathways associated with infection in vivo may delineate the neuropathologic processes underlying these deficits.

The role of a suburban forest in controlling vertical trace gas and OH reactivity distributions - a case study for the Seoul metropolitan area.

We present trace gas vertical profiles observed by instruments on the NASA DC-8 and at a ground site during the Korea-US air quality study (KORUS) field campaign in May to June 2016. We focus on the region near the Seoul metropolitan area and its surroundings where both anthropogenic and natural emission sources play an important role in local photochemistry. Integrating ground and airborne observations is the major research goal of many atmospheric chemistry field campaigns.

The influence of posttraumatic stress on memory complaints in neuropsychological settings.

Memory problems are a frequent complaint in neuropsychological settings, particularly among individuals in mid-to-late adulthood and those who have experienced neurological insult (e.g., head trauma; Bay et al.

HIV, Vascular Risk Factors, and Cognition in the Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Era: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Mounting evidence indicates that vascular risk factors (VRFs) are elevated in HIV and play a significant role in the development and persistence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Given the increased longevity of people living with HIV (PLWH), there is a great need to better elucidate vascular contributions to neurocognitive impairment in HIV. This systematic review and meta-analysis examine relationships between traditional VRFs, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cognition in PLWH in the combination antiretroviral therapy era.