Mapping Neurophysiological Patterns in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Correlations With Tinel's and Phalen's Signs.

Background This study aimed to observe the neurophysiological severity grading of carpel tunnel syndrome (CTS) using nerve conduction studies (NCSs) and the correlation between Tinel's and Phalen's signs. Methodology In this cross-sectional study, 240 patients of CTS were enrolled. NCSs were conducted in 480 hands.

The Experience of Organizing Blood Donation Camp through Student Initiative.

Introduction: A blood donation camp was organized in the institute which was a student initiative and a street play on blood donation awareness was carried out at different parts of the institute. For this reason, the study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practises among the voluntary donors was carried out to bring out further awareness programs.

Materials And Methods: The study is a Cross-sectional analysis to know about the knowledge, attitude, and practises among the donors as well as collect information regarding the rare blood groups.

Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants on Gau Island, Fiji: differences between sixteen villages with unique characteristics of cultural value.

Background: Traditional resource management (TRM) systems develop depending on local conditions, such as climate, culture, and environment. Most studies have focused on the TRM system itself, excluding the people who manage the system, and the relationship between the system and the people. The use of resources and people is intimately linked through the practice of TRM systems on Gau Island and this relationship needs to be understood to advance sustainable resource use.

Effectiveness of Rajyoga meditation as an adjunct to first-line treatment in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder.

Background: Yoga is a set of mental, physical, and spiritual practices with its origin in ancient India. The renewed interest in Yoga has led to the exploration of its benefits in a variety of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, depression, and anxiety disorders. There is a dearth of literature on the effect of yoga in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in the Indian context.

Phenotypic and genotypic differences between Indian and Scandinavian women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a transient form of diabetes characterized by impaired insulin secretion and action during pregnancy. Population-based differences in prevalence exist which could be explained by phenotypic and genetic differences. The aim of this study was to examine these differences in pregnant women from Punjab, India and Scandinavia.

Association between genetic risk variants and glucose intolerance during pregnancy in north Indian women.

Background: Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a more common problem in India than in many other parts of the world but it is not known whether this is due to unique environmental factors or a unique genetic background. To address this question we examined whether the same genetic variants associated with GDM and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in Caucasians also were associated with GDM in North Indian women.

Methods: Five thousand one hundred pregnant women of gestational age 24-28 weeks from Punjab were studied by a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Insulin secretion and action in North Indian women during pregnancy.

Aim: The relative roles(s) of impaired insulin secretion vs. insulin resistance in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus depend upon multiple risk factors and diagnostic criteria. Here, we explored their relative contribution to gestational diabetes as defined by the WHO 1999 (GDM1999) and adapted WHO 2013 (GDM2013) criteria, excluding the 1-h glucose value, in a high-risk Indian population from Punjab.

Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes in Punjab, North India: results from a population screening program.

Objective: The World Health Organization (WHO) has in 2013 changed the diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) to acknowledge the putative effect of mildly elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels on pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of GDM comparing the previous WHO 1999 criteria to the WHO 2013 criteria in North India.

Methods: In a population-based screening programme, 5100 randomly selected North Indian women were studied using a cross-sectional design with a questionnaire, venous FPG and 2-h capillary plasma glucose (PG) after a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test performed between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy.

Effective use of pause procedure to enhance student engagement and learning.

Introduction: Active learning strategies have been documented to enhance learning. We created an active learning environment in neuromuscular physiology lectures for first year medical students by using 'Pause Procedure'.

Materials And Methods: One hundred and fifty medical students class is divided into two Groups (Group A and Group B) and taught in different classes.

Cardiac outcome of pregnancy in women with a pacemaker and women with untreated atrioventricular conduction block.

Aims: The natural history and outcome of pregnancy in patients with a pacemaker or those presenting with atrioventricular conduction block in pregnancy are unknown with only a limited number of case reports published.

Methods And Results: This study examines the progress and outcome of 25 pregnancies in 18 women who were either paced or presented with untreated atrioventricular conduction block during pregnancy. All patients were seen in a single referral centre between 1998 and 2008 and were evaluated at regular intervals with ECG, echocardiography, and 24 h Holter.

Efficacy of percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale: comparison among three commonly used occluders.

Background: Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) is standard treatment for patients with paradoxical embolism but studies examining the efficacy of the various occluders are lacking.

Objective: To evaluate short- and medium-term closure rates of three common occluders.

Methods: One hundred and sixty-six adults (47±12 (18-81 years)) were evaluated with transthoracic bubble echocardiography before and after PFO closure.

Prevalence of exercise-induced left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in symptomatic patients with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Resting left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) occurs in 25% of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and is an important cause of symptoms and disease progression. The prevalence and clinical significance of exercise induced LVOTO in patients with symptomatic non-obstructive HCM is uncertain.

Methods And Results: 87 symptomatic patients (43.

A case of primary cardiac lymphoma: analysis of the role of echocardiography in early diagnosis.

Primary Cardiac Lymphoma (PCL) is defined as a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involving only the heart and/or pericardium. Diagnosis of this rare disease is particularly difficult due to its nonspecific clinical manifestations. In this review the role of echocardiography in the early diagnosis of PCL is assessed, moreover we report an improvement in the outcome of PCL related to increased availability and utilization of echocardiography.

Prevalence, clinical significance, and genetic basis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with restrictive phenotype.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, clinical significance, and genetic basis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with "restrictive phenotype" characterized by restrictive filling and minimal or no left ventricular hypertrophy.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a heterogeneous myocardial disorder with a broad spectrum of clinical presentation and morphologic features. Recent reports indicated that some patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy, which is an uncommon condition defined by restrictive filling and reduced diastolic volumes with normal or near normal left ventricular wall thickness and contractile function, have features suggestive of HCM with mutations in cardiac troponin I, myocyte disarray at explant/autopsy, and relatives with HCM.

Noninvasive risk stratification prevents sudden death due to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Sudden death is a tragic complication of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. We report the case of a young patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in whom an episode of atrial fibrillation triggered ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest. A 21-year-old man with nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy underwent cardioverter-defibrillator implantation for primary prevention of sudden death, after risk stratification with noninvasive strategies.

Usefulness of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels to predict exercise capacity in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Most patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) have reduced maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) during exercise. The degree of impairment is poorly predicted by the magnitude of hypertrophy, left ventricular (LV) outflow tract obstruction, and other conventional markers of disease severity. The aim of this study was to determine the usefulness of N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) as a marker of exercise performance in HC.

Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and sudden death risk in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Aims: Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) is associated with reduced survival in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The influence of LVOTO on survival from SD in relation to other recognized clinical risk markers is unknown.

Methods And Results: A total of 917 patients with HCM (554 males, 43+/-15 years) were studied; 288 (31.

Historical trends in reported survival rates in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Objective: To determine the range of survival rates of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) by comparing and contrasting the natural history of a cohort of patients seen between 1988 and 2002 with that of other published series.

Methods: 956 adult (> or = 16 years old) patients with HCM (572 men, mean (SD) age 42 (15) years, range 16-88) were evaluated by ECG, Holter, exercise testing, and echocardiography. Patient characteristics and survival data were compared with those in natural history studies from referral and non-referral centres published between 1960 and January 2003.

Reversal of inappropriate peripheral vascular responses in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Objectives: We assessed the frequency of abnormal forearm vasodilator responses during lower body negative pressure (LBNP) in 21 non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients (31 +/- 8 [20 to 43] years) with abnormal blood pressure response (ABPR) to exercise and the effects of three drugs used to treat vasovagal syncope (propranolol, clonidine, and paroxetine) in a double-blind crossover study.

Background: Some HCM patients have an ABPR to exercise, which may be due to paradoxical peripheral vasodilatation. A similar proportion has paradoxical forearm vasodilatation during central volume unloading using LBNP.

Coronary microvascular dysfunction in male patients with Anderson-Fabry disease and the effect of treatment with alpha galactosidase A.

Objective: To measure coronary flow reserve (CFR), an index of microvascular function, in Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) at baseline and after enzyme replacement therapy (ERT).

Methods And Results: Mean (SD) myocardial blood flow (MBF) at rest and during hyperaemia (adenosine 140 microg/kg/min) was measured in 10 male, non-smoking patients (53.8 (10.

Prevalence and clinical significance of systolic impairment in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of systolic impairment (SI) and its impact on the natural history of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Methods: 1080 patients (mean (SD) age 43 (15) years, 660 men) with HCM were evaluated. Initial assessment included history, examination, 48 hour Holter monitoring, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and echocardiography; SI was defined as a fractional shortening (FS) < or = 25%.

Natural history and familial characteristics of isolated left ventricular non-compaction.

Aims: Non-compaction of the left ventricle (LVNC) is a disorder of endomyocardial morphogenesis that results in multiple trabeculations in the left ventricular myocardium. The current literature suggests that LVNC in adults is rare and associated with a poor prognosis. Given that the disorder is present at birth and that several studies have reported asymptomatic familial disease in some patients, we hypothesized that there is a long pre-clinical phase of the disease.