Structural characterization of an arabinogalactan rich fraction from Bauhinia forficata Link leaves and evaluation of its effect on THP-1 macrophages.

Bauhinia forficata is a medicinal plant known as cow's paw, used for many purposes. Although there are studies that aimed to elucidate compounds from the plant leaves, there is no information about its polysaccharides. This study intended to obtain a polysaccharide rich fraction from its leaves, structurally characterize the water-soluble polysaccharides, as well as evaluate their effect on THP-1 cells.

Anti-Cancer Potential of Linear β-(1→6)-D-Glucan from on Estrogen Receptor-Positive (ER+) Breast Cancer Cells.

Mushroom β-D-glucans can be isolated from several species, including the widely consumed Besides immunomodulatory responses, some β-D-glucans may exhibit direct antitumoral effects. It was previously observed that a β-(1→6)-D-glucan (BDG16) has indirect cytotoxicity on triple-negative breast cancer cells. In this study, the cytotoxicity of this same glucan was observed on estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cells (MCF-7).

Water-soluble polysaccharides from Piper regnellii (Pariparoba) leaves: Structural characterization and antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.

Piper regnellii is a plant popularly known as "Pariparoba" and it is widely used in folk medicine to treat pain, inflammation, among others. This work presents the extraction, purification and characterization of polysaccharides present in the plant leaves and evaluation of their anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. From the crude aqueous extract of P.

Local effects of natural alkylamides from Acmella oleracea and synthetic isobutylalkyl amide on neuropathic and postoperative pain models in mice.

Neuropathic and postoperative pain are clinical conditions that impair the patient's quality of life. The current pharmacotherapy of both painful states is ineffective and accompanied by several side effects. In order to develop new therapeutics targets, the secondary metabolites of plants have been extensively studied.

Agaricus bisporus β-(1 → 6)-d-glucan induces M1 phenotype on macrophages and increases sensitivity to doxorubicin of triple negative breast cancer cells.

Mushroom β-d-glucans have demonstrated immunomodulatory activity, which is initiated by their recognition by specific receptors on immune system cells surfaces. Studies indicated that β-d-glucans may present a synergistic effect with chemotherapy drugs. In this study, a linear β-(1 → 6)-d-glucan (B16), isolated from A.

Effectiveness of the polyphenols-rich Sedum dendroideum infusion on gastric ulcer healing in rats: Roles of protective endogenous factors and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Peptic ulcer is an inflammatory disease that therapeutic options are mainly focused in antisecretory drugs. Sedum dendroideum Moc & Sessé ex DC (Crassulaceae) is employed in folk medicine for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Recently, our group demonstrated that Sedum dendroideum infusion (SDI) is rich in polyphenols (flavonol glycosides, myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol) and promoted gastroprotection against acute ulcer models, without changes gastric acid secretion.

Polysaccharide fractions from Handroanthus heptaphyllus and Handroanthus albus barks: Structural characterization and cytotoxic activity.

Barks of trees of the genus Handroanthus are known for their antitumor activity, which is attributed to naphthoquinones. Another class of molecules that has shown antitumor activity are the polysaccharides, however those from Handroanthus barks have never been studied. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to extract polysaccharides from H.

A polysaccharide fraction from Handroanthus albus (yellow ipê) leaves with antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.

Handroanthus albus, commonly known as yellow ipê, is a native and widely distributed tree in Brazil. An aqueous soluble polysaccharide fraction (HASP) was obtained from its leaves, and monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkage analysis by methylation and NMR spectroscopy indicated that HASP is mainly composed of a type II arabinogalactan, and suggested that other polysaccharides could also be present in a smaller proportion. HASP was able to promote antinociception in formalin-induced (second phase) and on glutamate-induced nociception tests, besides reducing the number of abdominal contortions induced by acetic acid in mice.

Anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects of chemically sulfated guar gum.

Heparin is an extremely important and recognized anticoagulant and antithrombotic agent. Obtained from animal sources and being highly potent, risks of contamination by pathogens and bleeding are some concerns related to heparin use. In the search for alternatives to heparin, several researches have been performed with chemically sulfated polysaccharides obtained from non-animal sources.

A polysaccharide fraction from "ipê-roxo" (Handroanthus heptaphyllus) leaves with gastroprotective activity.

A polysaccharide fraction from Handroanthus heptaphyllus leaves was obtained with a simple and quick purification method. Methylation analysis and NMR spectroscopy indicated the presence of a complex polysaccharide fraction mainly constituted by a type II arabinogalactan. This is the first report in literature on structural elucidation of polysaccharides of species from genus Handroanthus.

Pharmacological potential of alkylamides from Acmella oleracea flowers and synthetic isobutylalkyl amide to treat inflammatory pain.

Acmella oleracea ("jambu") is an Amazonian plant rich in alkylamides. Its flowers are widely used in folk medicine to treat toothache due to tingling, numbness, and local anaesthesia caused in the mouth. Our group previously demonstrated that the intraplantar (i.

Chemical composition, antioxidant and gastrointestinal properties of Sedum dendroideum Moc & Sessé ex DC leaves tea infusion.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Sedum dendroideum Moc & Sessé ex DC (Crassulaceae) is a medicinal plant employed in Mexican and Brasilian folk medicine as juice or infusion, as remedy for the treatment of different diseases, including gastric disorders.

Aim Of The Study: Although some studies carried out with Sedum dendroideum have demonstrated its gastroprotective effect, the purpose of this study was to elucidate the chemical constituents, antioxidant, cytotoxic and mechanisms underlying the gastrointestinal properties of Sedum dendroideum accordingly its traditional use, as fresh leaves tea infusion (SDI).

Materials And Methods: Chemical constituents were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS).

Distinct mechanisms underlying local antinociceptive and pronociceptive effects of natural alkylamides from Acmella oleracea compared to synthetic isobutylalkyl amide.

Acmella oleracea (jambu), is used as ingredient for food and in folk medicine to relief toothache. Jambu edible flowers are rich in alkylamides, mainly spilanthol, which are responsible to evoke chemesthetic sensations. This study aimed to investigate the local effects promoted by the intraplantar injection of the hexanic fraction (HF) rich in alkylamides from jambu flowers and compare to synthetic isobutylalkyl amide (IBA).

Gastroprotective activity of a pectic polysaccharide fraction obtained from infusion of Sedum dendroideum leaves.

Background: Sedum dendroideum, popularly known in Brazil as balsam, is traditionally used as a wound healing agent, to treat gastritis, and several other health problems. Some studies have shown that plant polysaccharides may have gastroprotective properties.

Purpose: Considering the popular use of S.

Acid-gastric antisecretory effect of the ethanolic extract from Arctium lappa L. root: role of H, K-ATPase, Ca influx and the cholinergic pathway.

Background: Arctium lappa L., popularly known as burdock, is a medicinal plant used worldwide. The antiulcer and gastric-acid antisecretory effects of ethanolic extract from roots of Arctium lappa (EET) were already demonstrated.

Chemical structure and anti-inflammatory effect of polysaccharides obtained from infusion of Sedum dendroideum leaves.

Sedum dendroideum is popularly known as balsam and used for treatment of inflammatory disorders. Two polysaccharides (RSBAL-HO and RSBAL-0.5) were isolated from infusion of its dried leaves, using dialysis at 100kDa cut-off membrane and anion exchange chromatography.

Sulfation of fucogalactan from Agaricus bisporus: Different patterns in the chemical structure and their effects on anticoagulant activity.

A fucogalactan from Agaricus bisporus was sulfated by two methodologies based on an optimized sulfation method. The direct action of chlorosulfonic acid and SO-pyridine complex over the sulfation reaction and its effects on anticoagulant activity were evaluated. The products of chemical sulfations were two sulfated fucogalactans named E100 and ESL respectively.

Identification of potential targets for an anticoagulant pectin.

Unlabelled: Heparin is a sulfated polysaccharide of animal origin showing excellent anticoagulant properties. Although it strongly inhibits the coagulation cascade, its interaction with multiple sites results in several side effects. An ideal alternative compound should not only possess anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities, but also provide specific binding to components of the coagulation cascade to decrease side effects and facilitate the control of pharmacologic actions in patient's body.

Anticoagulant activity of native and partially degraded glycoglucuronomannan after chemical sulfation.

Heparin has great clinical importance as anticoagulant and antithrombotic agent. However, because of its risks of causing bleeding and contamination by animal pathogens, several studies aim to obtain alternatives to heparin. In the search for anticoagulant and antithrombotic agents from a non-animal source, a glycoglucuronomannan from the gum exudate of the plant Vochysia thyrsoidea was partially hydrolyzed, and both native and partially degraded polysaccharides were chemically sulfated, yielding VThS and Ph-VThS respectively.

Monosaccharide composition of glycans based on Q-HSQC NMR.

Glycans have essential functions related to structural architecture and specific cell surface phenomena, such as differentiation, biosignalling, recognition and cell-cell interaction, with the carbohydrate structure determining main function in the cell. Due to the importance of the primary structure, the monosaccharide composition is crucial to show the glycan structure. We now present a method for complex carbohydrates based on NMR spectroscopy, which has shown to give similar results to those obtained by the classic GC-MS-carboxy-reduction/deuterium labeling approach.

Rhamnogalacturonan from Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. Jansen: gastroprotective and ulcer healing properties in rats.

A rhamnogalacturonan (RGal) isolated from Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K.

Antinociceptive effects of ethanolic extract from the flowers of Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K. Jansen in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In Brazil, Acmella oleracea (L.) R.K.

Role of prostaglandin/cAMP pathway in the diuretic and hypotensive effects of purified fraction of Maytenus ilicifolia Mart ex Reissek (Celastraceae).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Although Maytenus ilicifolia is used in Brazilian folk medicine as a diuretic drug, no study has been conducted to this date in order to evaluate this ethnopharmacological statement. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate possible mechanisms involved in acute diuretic activity of the ethanolic supernatant of the infusion (SEI) obtained from Maytenus ilicifolia and to assess its relationship with a hypotensive activity by a bioassay-guided fractionation using normotensive Wistar rats.

Material And Methods: The preparation obtained from the infusion (SEI) and their respective fractions (Fr·H2O and Fr·EtOAc) were orally administered in a single dose to rats.

Lactarius rufus (1→3),(1→6)-β-D-glucans: structure, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects.

Medicinal health benefits uses of edible as well as non-edible mushrooms have been long recognized. The pharmacological potential of mushrooms, especially antitumor, immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory activities has been documented. Wild ectomycorrhizal mushroom, Lactarius rufus had the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential of their polysaccharides evaluated using the formalin model.