Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a rare genetic disorder. The clinical presentation of this syndrome can vary among members of the same family. The commonly associated genes with TCS are mostly inherited as autosomal dominant; however, rare autosomal recessive inheritance has been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHPV-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are recognized as distinct entities. There remains uncertainty surrounding the causal effects of smoking and alcohol on the development of these two cancer types. Here we perform multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate the causal effects of smoking and alcohol on the risk of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC in 3431 cases and 3469 controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Ludwig's angina is a serious life-threatening infective condition of maxillofacial region due to odontogenic origin which is clinically diagnosed by its clinical signs and symptoms. Airway management and early surgical decompression is the main stay of management. The mortality rates in Ludwig's angina remains multivariate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on racial/ethnic differences in the US foster care system is unknown.
Objective: To study the COVID-19 pandemic-related differences in racial/ethnic disparities in entry rates, exit rates, and adverse exits from foster care in US.
Methods: Dataset: Adoption and Foster Care Analysis Reporting System (AFCARS) data from Census Bureau.
Background: The surgical approach for cranial reconstruction is influenced by the presence of pre-existing scar tissue. Scars that lie within the vicinity of cranial defect require modification.
Purpose: The present study was conducted to analyse co-relation between craniectomy scar and cranioplasty incision.
Background: Home exercise programs (HEPs) are cost-effective and efficacious treatments for musculoskeletal pain conditions. Although HEPs are an important part of the continuum of care, non-adherence limits their effectiveness.
Objective: The objective of this study was to examine adherence and specific barriers to clinician-prescribed HEPs in adults with musculoskeletal pain.
Rituximab, used in the treatment of some rheumatic and kidney diseases, can lead to hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation; HBV screening is recommended for those starting this medication. We aimed to improve by 50% the proportion of patients undergoing HBV screening by implementing multimodal interventions to support clinicians in this evidence-based practice. We conducted a quality improvement project from November 2020 to June 2022 at a tertiary care pediatric hospital system, including patients with rheumatic and/or kidney diseases starting rituximab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver the years, the standard of care for re-alimentation of patients admitted for the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN) has been a conservative or cautious approach described as "start low and go slow." These traditional refeeding protocols advocate for a low-calorie diet that restricts carbohydrates, with the primary goal of hypothetically lowering the risk of refeeding syndrome (RFS) and its complication. However, no consensus exists for the optimal inpatient approach to refeeding children and adolescents with AN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/purpose: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease, with a potential for significant disease damage, morbidity, and mortality. In comparison to the adult population, childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) tends to be more aggressive given the higher preponderance of renal and neuropsychiatric disease and increased disease activity. There is a paucity of literature examining relationship between disease activity, rheumatology follow-up visits, and health care utilization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Pubic symphysis osteomyelitis is a rare complication of hernia repair, it is easily mistaken for osteitis pubis (OP) which can lead to a significant delay in diagnosis and prolonged pain for the patient.
Case Report: We present the case of a 41-year-old male who presented with complaints of diffuse low back pain, perineal pain for 8 weeks after bilateral laparoscopic hernia repair. The patient was initially considered to have OP and managed however pain did not relieve with treatment.
Neurosarcoidosis is a rare disorder in children. We identified 30 pediatric NS cases through a systematic review. Twenty-one (70%) had systemic sarcoidosis with 30% having primary neurosarcoidosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground and objective Liver abscesses are one of the common surgical diseases to be treated as an emergency in any tertiary care hospital in India. The formation of abscesses in the liver is still a major problem and associated with significant morbidity in developing countries. We come across all types of liver abscesses, such as amoebic (most common), pyogenic, mixed, and occasionally fungal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Psoas abscess (PA) is an uncommon disease involving infection of the psoas muscle with abscess formation. The evidence concerning clinical and diagnostic characteristics of PA and its outcomes is limited. The literature is heterogenous, with varying presentations and outcomes in different regions worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedications for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) offer a promising path for discovery and development of effective interventions for dementia syndromes. A common feature of dementia syndromes is an energy failure due to reduced energy supply to neurons and is associated with synaptic loss and results in cognitive decline and behavioral changes. Among diabetes medications, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (RAs) promote protective effects on vascular, microglial, and neuronal functions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) can cause a myriad of cardiac manifestations, including coronary dilation and aneurysms; giant aneurysms are infrequent. We describe 3patients with giant coronary aneurysms associated with MIS-C, including the youngest case reported to date, treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids, and biologic agents. ().
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Childhood epilepsy is one of the most common neurological problems. The transferrin isoelectric focusing (TIEF) test is a screening test for congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). We identified abnormal TIEF test in children with epilepsy in our epilepsy genetics clinic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Investig Med High Impact Case Rep
October 2021
Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI) is a cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis presenting with purpura, ecchymosis, fever, and edema. Pediatricians must effectively differentiate AHEI from other diseases that have similar presentations but are more severe in order to treat appropriately without overutilizing expensive, unnecessary diagnostic tests. In this article, we describe a case of a 6-month-old previously well male who presented to our institution with a worsening rash and fever.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Investig Med High Impact Case Rep
October 2021
Persistent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is an infrequent complication of frontal sinus trauma. It often require craniotomy for dural repair and obliteration of sinus with well vascularized pericranial flap. The multilayer vascularized techniques have gained popularity over the years owing to low rate of postoperative CSF leaks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Cranioplasty, like any other surgical procedure also comes with risk of complications and failure. Failure of cranioplasty may be early or delayed and further can be attributed to the surgical procedure itself or to the reconstruction material used for the procedure. The aim of this clinical audit is to analyze the causes of failure of 14 cases of cranioplasty procedure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Implant Dent Relat Res
December 2020
Background: Implant success is affected by initial bone resorption at the implant surface. Continuous efforts have been made to reduce the peri-implant crestal bone loss. Limited information is available regarding the influence of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on interaction between the bone and implant surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a common disease in pediatric rheumatology. The management of oligoarticular JIA can result in a considerable economic burden. This study is a four-year, retrospective cost identification analysis performed to determine the annual direct cost of care for patients with oligoarticular JIA and possible predictive clinical factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Trigeminal neuralgia is a painful disease that has been afflicting mankind since time immemorial. The etiology and pathophysiology have been widely studied but poorly understood. There are well-documented researches analyzing ultrastructural changes in trigeminal root specimens obtained following microvascular decompression surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Aging is a natural process which universally affects all the human beings in the society. As the geriatric population is quiet vulnerable, They might suffer from mental and physical disabilities which consequently threatens their independence. Quality of life among the geriatric population is a global concern as it reflects the status of health and of well being among the set population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCranioplasty is a widely employed procedure for restoration of calvarial form and shape. The use of autogenous bone flap offers biological reconstruction with minimal donor site morbidity. One of the options to re-use bone autograft is low temperature preservation followed by autoclaving during cranioplasty.
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