Factors associated with mortality of elderly people due to COVID-19: Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has become a significant health crisis, marked by high mortality rates on a global scale, with mortality from the disease being notably concentrated among the elderly due to various factors.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the biological and non-biological factors associated with COVID-19 mortality rates among the elderly worldwide.

Methods: The following databases will be consulted: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and ScienceDirect.

The effects of re-irradiation on the chemical and morphological properties of permanent teeth.

This study aimed to assess the in vitro effects of re-irradiation on enamel and dentin properties, simulating head and neck cancer radiotherapy retreatment. Forty-five human permanent molars were classified into five groups: non-irradiated; irradiated 60 Gy, and re-irradiated with doses of 30, 40, and 50 Gy. Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were employed for analysis.

Distearoyl phosphatidylglycerol and dioleoyl phosphatidylglycerol increase the retention and reduce the toxicity of amphotericin B-loaded in nanoemulsions.

To develop nanoemulsions (NEs) loading amphotericin B (AmB) and to evaluate the influence of different excipients on the stability and the supramolecular organization, retention and toxicity of AmB. The NEs were developed from different oils, surfactants, external media and anionic lipids (disteaoryl phosphatidylglycerol [DSPG] and dioleoyl phosphatidylglycerol [DOPG]). Their impact on the size, pH, zeta potential, AmB encapsulation efficiency, AmB retention and hemolytic potential of the NEs was evaluated.

Gamification as a health education strategy of adolescents at school: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The objective of the study is to present a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol for evaluating the effects of health education gamification-based interventions, on health parameters (food consumption, sleep quality and physical activity) of adolescent students. This protocol was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42022373833). The search will be performed in the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, ERIC, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane, LILACS, APA, and ADOLEC.

Extended reality as a health education strategy of adolescents at school: protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Extended reality (XR) is the ensemble of interactive experiences based on a computer-simulated environment that encompasses virtual reality and augmented reality and has been proven to be potentially innovative in the field of health education with adolescents. The objective of this study is to present a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol that seeks to evaluate the main effects of interventions that use XR on health parameters (food intake, sound quality and physical activity) of adolescent students.

Methods And Analysis: The literature search will be performed in the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, ERIC, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Cochrane, LILACS, APA and ADOLEC.

Liposomal Amphotericin B for Treatment of Leishmaniasis: From the Identification of Critical Physicochemical Attributes to the Design of Effective Topical and Oral Formulations.

The liposomal amphotericin B (AmB) formulation, AmBisome, still represents the best therapeutic option for cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. However, its clinical efficacy depends on the patient's immunological status, the clinical manifestation and the endemic region. Moreover, the need for parenteral administration, its side effects and high cost significantly limit its use in developing countries.

Cholesterol improves stability of amphotericin B nanoemulsion: promising use in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Amphotericin B (AmB) is an antileishmanial drug with high toxicity; however, this drawback might overcome by decreasing the AmB self-aggregation state. This work aimed at evaluating the influence of cholesterol on the aggregation state of AmB loaded in a nanoemulsion (NE-AmB) for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. NE-AmB (1, 4 and 8 mg/kg/day) was administered intravenously to animals infected by every 2 days for a total of five injections.

Juvenile Spongiotic Gingival Hyperplasia: Clinicopathological Features of Eight Cases and a Literature Review.

Background: Juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (JSGH) is a benign proliferation of non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium with evident spongiosis, exocytosis leukocytes and dilated vessels with varying numbers of inflammatory cells. Although uncertain, it has been suggested that the epithelial proliferation is probably related to trauma and local irritants. It emerges as a painless erythematous patch or papule with an irregular surface.

Radiotherapy Activates Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Dentinoenamel Junction of Primary Teeth.

Radiation-related caries is characterized by enamel delamination near the dentinoenamel junction (DEJ). We investigated the activity and expression of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -2 and -9 in order to understand disease pathogenesis in teeth submitted or not to radiotherapy (RT).
In situ zymography and immunofluorescence assays were performed to evaluate the activity and expression of MMPs -2 and -9, respectively.

A vaccine combining two Leishmania braziliensis proteins offers heterologous protection against Leishmania infantum infection.

In the present study, two Leishmania braziliensis proteins, one hypothetical and the eukaryotic initiation factor 5a (EiF5a), were cloned and used as a polyproteins vaccine for the heterologous protection of BALB/c mice against infantum infection. Animals were immunized with the antigens separately or in association, and in both cases saponin was used as an adjuvant. In the results, spleen cells from mice inoculated with the individual or polyproteins vaccine and lately challenged produced significantly higher levels of protein- and parasite-specific IFN-γ, IL-12, and GM-CSF, when both a capture ELISA and flow cytometry assays were performed.

Properties of the tibialis anterior muscle after treatment with laser therapy and natural latex protein following sciatic nerve crush.

Introduction: In this study we evaluated the characteristics of the tibialis anterior muscle after sciatic nerve crush and treatment with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) or the protein from natural latex (P1).

Methods: We studied the following 6 groups of male Wistar rats: control (CG); exposed nerve (EG); injured nerve (IG); injured nerve with LLLT (LG); injured nerve with P1 (PG); and injured nerve with P1 and LLLT (LPG).

Results: After 4 weeks, muscle morphology showed improvement in the treated groups; after 8 weeks, the treated groups resembled controls, especially the PG.

Mapping B-cell epitopes for the peroxidoxin of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and its potential for the clinical diagnosis of tegumentary and visceral leishmaniasis.

The search toward the establishment of novel serological tests for the diagnosis of leishmaniasis and proper differential diagnosis may represent one alternative to the invasive parasitological methods currently used to identify infected individuals. In the present work, we investigated the potential use of recombinant peroxidoxin (rPeroxidoxin) of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis as a potential antigen for the immunodiagnosis of human tegumentary (TL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Linear B-cell epitope mapping was performed to identify polymorphic epitopes when comparing orthologous sequences present in Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent for Chagas disease (CD), and the Homo sapiens and Canis familiaris hosts.