Inhibition of murine colorectal cancer metastasis by targeting M2-TAM through STAT3/NF-kB/AKT signaling using macrophage 1-derived extracellular vesicles loaded with oxaliplatin, retinoic acid, and Libidibia ferrea.

Colorectal cancer is still unmanageable despite advances in target therapy. However, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown potential in nanomedicine as drug delivery systems, especially for modulating the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this study, M1 Macrophage EVs (M1EVs) were used as nanocarriers of oxaliplatin (M1EV1) associated with retinoic acid (M1EV2) and Libidibia ferrea (M1EV3), alone or in combination (M1EV4) to evaluate their antiproliferative and immunomodulatory potential on CT-26 and MC-38 colorectal cancer cell lines and prevent metastasis in mice of allograft and peritoneal colorectal cancer models.

Toxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Phenolic-Rich Extract from (Cactaceae): A Preclinical Study on the Prevention of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Phenolic compounds have been scientifically recognized as beneficial to intestinal health. The cactus , used as anti-inflammatory in traditional medicine, is a rich source of these bioactive compounds. The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile of extract and evaluate its acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory effect on 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats.

Extracellular Vesicles from M1-Polarized Macrophages Combined with Hyaluronic Acid and a β-Blocker Potentiate Doxorubicin's Antitumor Activity by Downregulating Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Breast Cancer.

One of the main reasons for cancer's low clinical response to chemotherapeutics is the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-ass ociated M2 macrophages (M2-TAMs) orchestrate the immunosuppression, which favors tumor progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown great potential for targeted therapies as, depending on their biological origin, they can present different therapeutic properties, such as enhanced accumulation in the target tissue or modulation of the immune system.

Hypoglycemic and Vasorelaxant Effect of Passiflora edulis Fruit Peel By-Product.

Passiflora edulis fo. flavicarpa (Passifloraceae) is popularly known as yellow passion fruit and its fruit peels are considered a rich by-product in bioactive compounds which has greatly beneficial health properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of P.

Effect of p-cymene and rosmarinic acid on gastric ulcer healing - Involvement of multiple endogenous curative mechanisms.

Background: p-Cymene and rosmarinic acid are secondary metabolites found in several medicinal plants and spices. Previous studies have demonstrated their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cytoprotective effects.

Purpose: To evaluate their gastroduodenal antiulcer activity, gastric healing and toxicity in experimental models.

Maximizing the potency of oxaliplatin coated nanoparticles with folic acid for modulating tumor progression in colorectal cancer.

One of the challenges of nanotechnology is to improve the efficacy of treatments for diseases, in order to reduce morbidity and mortality rates. Following this line of study, we made a nanoparticle formulation with a small size, uniform surfaces, and a satisfactory encapsulation coefficient as a target for colorectal cancer cells. The results of binding and uptake prove that using the target system with folic acid works: Using this system, cytotoxicity and cell death are increased when compared to using free oxaliplatin.

S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide ameliorates duodenal morphological alterations in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease associated with several intestinal disorders. S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide (SMCS) ​​is an amino acid present in Allium cepa L with hypoglycemic effects. However, the effects of SMCS on diabetic intestinal changes are unknown.

Anti-Inflammatory and Chemopreventive Effects of (Lamarck) Leaf Extract in Experimental Colitis Models in Rodents.

Inflammatory bowel diseases, mainly ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are characterized by chronic inflammation in the intestine. Currently several therapeutic strategies available to treat inflammatory bowel diseases. Though, most treatments can be associated with serious adverse effects what justifies the search for new treatments.

-Cymene and Rosmarinic Acid Ameliorate TNBS-Induced Intestinal Inflammation Upkeeping ZO-1 and MUC-2: Role of Antioxidant System and Immunomodulation.

-Cymene (-C) and rosmarinic acid (RA) are secondary metabolites that are present in medicinal herbs and Mediterranean spices that have promising anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate their intestinal anti-inflammatory activity in the trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model in rats. -C and RA (25-200 mg/kg) oral administration reduced the macroscopic lesion score, ulcerative area, intestinal weight/length ratio, and diarrheal index in TNBS-treated animals.

Estragole prevents gastric ulcers via cytoprotective, antioxidant and immunoregulatory mechanisms in animal models.

Background: Estragole is an aromatic organic compound belonging to the class of phenylpropanoids derived from cinnamic aldehydes and present in essential oils of plant species, such asRavensara anisata (madeira), Ocimum basilicum (manjericão/alfavaca) and Croton zehntneri (canelinha). Pharmacological studies report its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and vasorelaxant activity.

Hypothesis/purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the acute non-clinical toxicity, gastroprotective activity and the related mechanisms of action.

Chitosan Film Containing Fraction for Wound Healing.

Chitosan films entrapped with the fraction (CMHF) was developed as a new dressing for wound care. The chromatographic profile of the fraction (MHF) was evaluated by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and the results showed that MHF is rich in acid triterpenes. Physicochemical characterization of the films prepared using the solvent casting method was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DCS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and mechanical properties.

In Vivo Antidepressant Effect of f. into Cationic Nanoparticles: Improving Bioactivity and Safety.

A variety of neuroactive flavonoids can be found in the species of the genus; however, their difficulty in crossing the blood-brain barrier limits their in vivo neuropharmacological activity. In this study, cationic nanoparticles were developed as a novel nanocarrier for improving the antidepressant activity of f. leaf extract.

Testicular characterization and spermatogenesis of the hematophagous bat Diphylla ecaudata.

Diphylla ecaudata is a hematophagous bat endemic of South America, with food preference for bird blood. Given the lack of information about the reproductive activity of this species, this study aimed to describe the testicular morphology and histomorphometry of D. ecaudata in order to understand its reproductive biology, specially spermatogenesis.

Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of xique-xique (Pilosocereus gounellei A. Weber ex K. Schum. Bly. Ex Rowl) juice on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by severe mucosal damage in the intestine and a deregulated immune response. Natural products derived from plants that are rich in bioactive compounds are used by many patients with IBD. Xique-xique (Pilosocereus gounellei) is a cactus of the Caatinga family that has been used by the local population for food and medicinal purposes.

Environmentally compatible bioconjugated gold nanoparticles as efficient contrast agents for inflammation-induced cancer imaging.

For many cancers, early detection is the key to improve survival and reduce the morbidity, which is associated with radical resections due to late diagnosis. Here, we describe the efficiency of primary antibody-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to specifically target chronic inflammatory processes, specially M2 macrophages, in tissue sections of ulcerative colitis (UC) and steatohepatitis in rats which may lead to colorectal cancer and liver carcinoma, respectively. In this study, we demonstrate that AuNPs synthesized by a simple, inexpensive, and environmentally compatible method can be easily conjugated with the antibodies anti-COX-2, anti-MIF, and Alexa Fluor® 488 (ALEXA) to perform immunofluorescence staining in inflamed tissues.

Spherical neutral gold nanoparticles improve anti-inflammatory response, oxidative stress and fibrosis in alcohol-methamphetamine-induced liver injury in rats.

This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and antifibrotic effects of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in rats subjected to liver injury with ethanol and Methamphetamine (METH). The liver injury was induced by gavage administrations of 30% alcoholic solution (7 g/kg) once a day during 28 days, followed by METH (10 mg/kg) on the 20th and 28th days of treatment. GNPs treatment (724.

Gastroprotective and Antioxidant Activity of and Leaf Juices against Indomethacin and Ethanol-Induced Gastric Lesions in Rats.

and are used interchangeably in traditional medicine for treating peptic ulcers and inflammatory problems. In this context, this study aims to characterize the chemical constituents and evaluate the gastroprotective activity of the leaf juices of the two species in acute gastric lesions models. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometer (UHPLC-MS) were performed for chemical characterization.

PlantRNA_Sniffer: A SVM-Based Workflow to Predict Long Intergenic Non-Coding RNAs in Plants.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute an important set of transcripts produced in the cells of organisms. Among them, there is a large amount of a particular class of long ncRNAs that are difficult to predict, the so-called long intergenic ncRNAs (lincRNAs), which might play essential roles in gene regulation and other cellular processes. Despite the importance of these lincRNAs, there is still a lack of biological knowledge and, currently, the few computational methods considered are so specific that they cannot be successfully applied to other species different from those that they have been originally designed to.

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-tumor properties of gold nanoparticles.

Background: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are regarded as potential platforms for drug delivery. However, their interaction with live organisms must be understood prior to their utilization as drug carriers. The present study reports the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-tumor effects of GNPs.

Drought tolerance conferred to sugarcane by association with Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus: a transcriptomic view of hormone pathways.

Sugarcane interacts with particular types of beneficial nitrogen-fixing bacteria that provide fixed-nitrogen and plant growth hormones to host plants, promoting an increase in plant biomass. Other benefits, as enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses have been reported to some diazotrophs. Here we aim to study the effects of the association between the diazotroph Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAL5 and sugarcane cv.

Search for mutations in signaling pathways in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Mutations in JAK-STAT signaling pathway genes have been associated with the development of various hematological tumors, but have not been investigated in head and neck tumors, and the PIK3CA, BRAF and KRAS genes have been described in a few cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the present study, we determined the mutation status in members of the MAPK, PI3K-AKT and JAK-STAT pathways in HNSCC. Mutations in the KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, JAK1 and JAK2 genes were evaluated in 94 HNSCCs by direct DNA sequencing analysis using cDNA synthesized from RNA extracted from patient tumor cells.