Respiratory immunohistochemical study in rats exposed to cigarette smoke and alcohol.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of exposure to cigarette and alcohol on immunohistochemical disorders caused by these attacks to respiratory system of rats.

Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats in four groups: control, cigarette smoke, alcohol and cigarette smoke + alcohol during 260 days. Immunohistochemistry was performed by researching survivin and protein P53 expressions and apoptotic index in parenchymal lung and trachea using TUNEL technique.

Light-emitting diode effects on combined decellularization of tracheae. A novel approach to obtain biological scaffolds.

Purpose: To obtain a decellularized tracheal scaffold associating traditional approaches with the novel light-emitting diode (LED) proposal.

Methods: This study was performed with New Zealand adult rabbits weighing 3.0 - 4.